This study aims to investigate the gender differences in lower limb strength among Chinese national rugby team athletes, as well as the relationship between these variables. Twenty-seven athletes underwent countermovement jump (CMJ) and one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat tests, with relative strength calculated through bodyweight normalization. Results showed that male athletes had significantly higher CMJ height (p = 0.005) and absolute squat 1RM values (p < 0.001) compared to female athletes; male and female athletes showed significant differences in relative strength (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between CMJ height and absolute squat strength (p = 0.002), but no significant association with relative strength. The findings suggest a significant sex-based disparity in absolute lower limb strength among athletes of the Chinese national rugby team, with relative strength levels also exhibiting variations. When developing training programs, coaches and athletes should consider gender-specific differences in absolute strength.