Objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is traditionally characterized by amyloid-β and tau pathology; however, accumulating evidence indicates that metabolic and inflammatory dysfunctions are early, central contributors to disease development. This narrative review explores how metabolic disturbances influence AD pathophysiology. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. Selected studies were original studies or reviews published in English within the past five years involving human subjects. Case reports, case series, editorials, and non-human studies were excluded. A total of 64 articles were reviewed and summarized. Results: Cerebral glucose hypometabolism, mitochondrial impairment, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation were observed throughout the AD spectrum. These metabolic changes often appeared before significant amyloid accumulation and were more closely linked to tau pathology and cognitive decline. Early microglial activation was linked to transient glucose hypermetabolism, progressing to glucose hypometabolism and neurodegeneration as the disease advanced. Conclusions: AD is associated with a gradual breakdown of metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis, which occurs before and promotes the development of traditional neuropathological features. Addressing early metabolic vulnerabilities may be essential for effective disease intervention and prevention.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are mainly considered disorders marked by severe immunometabolic imbalance, characterized by ongoing neuroinflammation and glial activation. While mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are well-known features, the upstream metabolic factors linking these pathological processes remain poorly understood. Methods: In this review, we examined recent preclinical and clinical studies exploring the connections between lipid metabolism, glial immunometabolism, and regulated cell death pathways. Our focus was on how long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) facilitate communication among mitochondria, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ferroptosis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Results: New evidence shifts LCFAs from merely being passive indicators of cellular damage to active, upstream regulators of the neuroimmune response. Existing research shows that excess LCFA intake can overload astrocytic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, leading to abnormal lipid droplet buildup and reactive astrogliosis. This lipid-driven reactivity promotes microglial polarization toward a persistent pro-inflammatory state. Notably, high levels of specific LCFAs, especially arachidonic acid, increase ROS production and lipid peroxidation. This lipotoxic environment ultimately triggers ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death shared across multiple NDs. Conclusions: The harmful interaction among mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis is driven by an imbalance in LCFA levels. Addressing current challenges, such as the complex effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation, requires advanced techniques like single-cell multi-omics and artificial intelligence. Understanding this intricate lipidomic-transcriptomic crosstalk is crucial for moving toward personalized neuroimmunometabolism and developing new treatments to prevent ferroptosis.

The Society for Pentecostal Studies celebrated its fiftieth anniversary in 2020. To commemorate the half-century mark, the editors of Pneuma assembled a special issue that included a history of the Society. While the fiftieth-anniversary commemorative volume captured the growth of the Society, absent was a consideration of the impact of Pneuma. As such, the fifty-year anniversary deserves a more quantifiable discussion of the journal’s impact on scholarship. By using a combination of information science and theological reflection, this article offers fresh insights on the journal’s impact in the realm of scholarly publishing. It fleshes out significant theological trends in Pentecostalism covered in its fifty-year history using bibliometrics. An index of all 710 peer-reviewed research articles published from 1978 to 2022 was created. Bibliometrics were used to assess that scholarship’s impact, understand where pentecostal studies flourished, and uncover possible gaps in pentecostal research where further study may be needed. Bibliometric research in theological studies acts as a mirror for researchers by quantifiably reflecting trends in pentecostal research that may have been anecdotally assumed or overlooked altogether. It places possible bias into sharp focus and offers new tools for discussing sensitive research and publication issues such as gender politics, diversity, and inclusivity.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remains the leading cause of dementia worldwide, with anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (MABs) marking a significant advance as the first disease-modifying therapies. Their use, however, is limited by amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), which appear as vasogenic edema or effusion (ARIA-E) and hemosiderin-related changes (ARIA-H) on MRI. Variability in imaging protocols, subtle early findings, and the lack of standardized risk models challenge detection and management. Methods: This narrative review summarizes current artificial intelligence (AI) applications for ARIA detection and risk prediction. A comprehensive literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus identified studies focusing on MRI-based AI analysis, lesion quantification, and predictive modeling. Results: The evidence is organized into six thematic domains: ARIA definitions, imaging challenges, foundations of AI in neuroimaging, detection tools, predictive frameworks, and future perspectives. Conclusions: AI offers promising avenues to standardize ARIA evaluation, improve lesion quantification, and enable individualized risk prediction. Progress will depend on multicenter datasets, shared frameworks, and prospective validation. Ultimately, AI-driven neuroimaging may transform how treatment-related complications are monitored in the era of anti-amyloid therapy.

Critical hermeneutics is the theory of interpretation situated within an ethical trajectory that encourages an awareness of power differentials in communication. It emphasizes intersubjectivity, or that which is mutually agreed upon between two persons and has the potential to overcome the social injustices taking place within late-capitalism and infuse Individual Research Consultations (IRC) with mutually beneficial dialogue. As universities become more culturally diverse, librarians need to learn new ways to be inclusive and empower students to flourish as unique and individualized researchers. This article examines how Habermas' Intersubjective agreement attempts to end the isolation and warring of the structuralist and poststructuralist camps by taking the possibility of rational negotiation among responsible and autonomous individuals seriously. Habermas builds on Austin's speech act theory to develop the basic principles of common language and uses critical hermeneutics to expose mechanisms of control that inhibit intersubjective agreement. When librarians begin to embrace critical hermeneutics as a methodology for intersubjective agreement in the IRC, there exists a greater potential for librarians and users to come to a more robust level of satisfaction and accuracy in both source retrieval and in achieving the ALA's ethical goals for information literacy through a fusion of the modern and post-modern horizons.

A robust and efficient estimator of differences in location between two groups across a panel of analytes is introduced. Robustness is provided through the use of medians, and efficiency is provided through mean square error optimal linear shrinkage. Variance of the new estimator is explored in depth, with minimal assumption and approximation, including for the purpose of deciding how large a panel of analytes needs to be to obtain efficiency gains. Bias is also briefly explored.