Pakistan’s dependence on imported fuels has led to a massive electrical shortfall, stifling the country’s socioeconomic growth. Pakistan’s energy gap is between 5000 and 8000 megawatts (MW), with a 6–8% yearly growth predicted, therefore, it needs more sustainable and renewable energy sources. Pakistan uses solar, wind, hydropower, and biomass for renewable energy. Pakistan needs cheap energy to support its economic growth. Most of the world’s energy is currently conventionally produced. The objective of this research is to analyze the opportunities that are afforded by renewable energy sources as well as the role that the government plays in the process of policy formulation. An examination of qualitative data from research works, journals, and government annual performance reports is presented. This study investigates renewable energy sources and government policy. According to the study, renewable energy resources are abundant. The renewable energy plan has no effect on real implementation. This research paper examines electricity restrictions, the transition to renewable energy sources, and Pakistan’s renewable energy policy difficulties. After analyzing the nation’s renewable energy potential, practical implications were made to promote it, for example 1710-megawatt wind installations. There are currently 217-megawatt biogas power stations being developed. Accelerating the energy transition to the nation’s future energy perspectives is a priority for sustainable development.

In this study an attempt has been made to solve a problematic phenomenon regarding how a decentralised environment mediates the effect on supply chain performance (SCP) – by taking various dimensions of knowledge management (KM) – specifically in the dairy sector of Lahore, Pakistan. This study also explores the relationship between KM practices and SCP in the presence of a general system theory; the theory claims that every system is has sub-parts, and every sub-part is surrounded by other sub-parts. Decentralisation has a mediating role which influences the relationship between KM practices and SCP in the dairy sector of Pakistan. A self-administered questionnaire was developed, and data were collected through a random sampling of 355 supply chain members of different dairy organisations in central Punjab. The data was analysed by AMOS software and through structure equation modelling (SEM). The underlying study reveals that the hypothesis is accepted, that decentralisation mediates the relationship between KM practices and SCP at a 1% level of significance; it also reveals that KM practices (with the exceptions of knowledge creation and knowledge sharing) have a direct relationship with SCP. Meanwhile, statistical analysis also indicates that KM practices (with the exception of knowledge creation) have a significant positive relationship with decentralisation at the 1% significance level.

This study comprehends the association of quality services, product superiority, accreditations and green environment of hospitals; with corporate brand image, patient trust and loyalty. Respondents of the research study were from seven different healthcare organizations including private, charitable and naval sectors in four major cities (Lahore, Islamabad, Peshawar and Karachi) of Pakistan. Questionnaires were disseminated to 580 participants, and 447 responses were received. The data analysis was processed in SPSS 20 and SmartPLS 3.0. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to examine the inference for significant and insignificant associations between constructs. The outcomes specify that hospital accreditation positively and significantly impacts the customer loyalty through mediating effects of corporate brand image and customer trust. Similarly quality of services positively and significantly impacts the customer loyalty through mediating effects of corporate brand image. However rest of the relationships in this study were not found significant through mediating effects of customer trust and brand image. The hospitals management in Pakistan is recommended to instrument the accreditation of healthcare standards in its true spirit and should introduce innovations in healthcare technologies in institutions for unveiling more high-quality and superior health products and services to build strong corporate image and patient trust on rock-hard foundations to establish the satisfied and loyal patients.

The study concerns with the significant impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of academic researchers on the research commercialization. Furthermore, it has been discussed that if trust among academic researchers is created to commercialize their research and to be engaged in commercial activities, it will increase commercialization rate and ultimately economic development. The study confers with those analyses which are exploratory in nature and helps to seek the research question i.e., to study impact of EO on research commercialization. The current study addresses the behavior of 405 university teachers teaching in various public and private sector universities in Lahore city of Pakistan under applied sciences discipline. Different statistical analyses were used to analyze the data i.e. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis (KMO and Bartlett’s test, Eigen values and total variance), regression and correlation were used for hypothesis testing and testing of inter item reliability respectively by using SPSS-20. A theoretical framework was developed using three dimensions for EO that is proactiveness, innovativeness and risk taking. The empirical result indicates that EO has statistically significant impact on research commercialization which is positively mediated by trust.