Broccoli waste (Brassica oleracea), comprising non-commercialized stems and leaves, represents a valuable substrate for bioenergy and commodity recovery within agro-industrial systems. This study evaluates the potential of dark fermentation (DF) to produce hydrogen (H₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) from unpretreated broccoli residues. Batch experiments (120 mL) yielded maximum gas production rates of up to 166 mL/L·d, with final compositions of 41.43 mol% and 58.56 mol% of H₂ and CO₂, respectively. Based on these results, two biorefinery models were simulated using COCO v3.10 and SuperPro Designer^® v12.0, incorporating absorption and cryogenic separation technologies in the purification stage. Two scenarios were considered: Option A (169.82 kmol/day; H₂: 0.5856 mol fraction, CO₂: 0.4143 mol fraction) and Option B (72.84 kmol/day; H₂: 0.6808 mol fraction, CO₂: 0.3092 mol fraction). In both configurations, the purities of the final streams were the same, being 99.8% and 99.8% for both H₂ and CO₂, respectively. However, energy consumption was 43.76% higher in the cryogenic H₂/CO₂ separation system than in the absorption system. Noteworthily, this difference does not depend on the stream’s composition. Furthermore, from a financial standpoint, the cryogenic system is more expensive than the absorption system. These findings confirm the feasibility of designing biorefineries for H₂ production with high CO₂ recovery from broccoli waste. However, the economic viability of the process depends on the valorization of the secondary effluent from the fermentation reactor, which may require subsequent anaerobic digestion stages to complete the degradation of residual organic matter and enhance overall resource recovery.

Se elaboraron códigos en lenguaje Python con fines educativos para abordar problemas de Física Computacional y Métodos Numéricos en el área de Física, y códigos de Procesos de Separación, Ingeniería de Calor y Termodinámica Química, que permitieron abordar problemas clásicos de la Ingeniería Química. Los códigos se elaboraron por medio de Google Colab, y fueron publicados en repositorios creados para cada tópico en la plataforma GitHub con licencia pública general GNU v3.0. Los resultados demostraron que el uso de Python permitió resolver eficazmente la parte matemática de los problemas de Ingeniería Física e Ingeniería Química, y que el uso de este lenguaje favoreció la adecuada presentación de gráficas y tablas relativas a estos problemas educativos.