This study was conducted to determine the response of Salvia tomentosa Mill. and Salvia officinalis L. to different salinity levels. The salvia plants were grown in 8 L pots filled with the continuously aerated nutrient solution under different salt levels 1 (control), 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 dS m-1 in fully automated climate chambers. The fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, stem length, leaf area, SPAD, CO2 fixation, root length, root diameter, root volume, leaf Na+, K+, Ca++ Cl- content, and amount of essential oil were determined. The increasing salt level decreased significantly plant growth of both Salvia species. However, highly significant differences were found between two Salvia species in terms of shoot and root biomass. Generally, S. tomentosa showed better plant growth performance in plant growth compared to S. officinalis. The Na+ and Cl- content of the leaves significantly increased with increasing salt concentration and the increase was higher in S. tomentosa. The amount of K+ in the leaves decreased due to the increasing salt concentration, while the amount of Ca++ varied depending on the dose. The study showed that the essential oil contents of the sage leaves could be increased with the moderate salt application. The increase in essential oil due to salt stress was higher in S. officinalis. The results showed that Salvia species can be cultivated in low and medium saline soils, second class waters can be used for irrigation of sages and essential oil yield of sages can be increased by using salt stress.

Objective: To report a rare case of carcinoma erysipelatoides on the laryngeal skin caused by stomach adenocarcinoma. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 48-year-old male, who had undergone a gastrectomy 18 months prior to admission for stage IIIA gastric adenocarcinoma, presented with a reddish induration of the cervical skin, lymphadenopathy in both supraclavicular areas and widespread subcutaneous nodules. Abdominal computerized tomography and chest radiography did not reveal any organ metastasis or peritoneal carcinomatosis. A biopsy of the induration revealed atypical epithelial cells with edema and dilatation of lymphatics. The patient was given combination chemotherapy of etoposide, adriamycin, and cisplatin, and significant improvement was observed over the cervical area after three courses. The patient tolerated the systemic chemotherapy well and has been followed for two months. Conclusion: We recommend combination chemotherapy in patients with cutaneous metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma as a safe and effective treatment.

This study investigated the chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils (EOs) obtained from Origanum majorana (Oma), O. syriacum var. bevanii (Osyr), their interspecific hybrid (M4), and a 1:1 mixture of the parental EOs (EO mixture). Specifically, the bio-efficacy of these EOs was evaluated against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causative agent of white mould disease. GC–MS analysis revealed distinct chemical profiles: Oma EO was dominated by terpinen-4-ol (36.0%) and γ-terpinene (18.1%), while Osyr EO contained high levels of thymol (33.3%) and carvacrol (30.0%). The M4 hybrid EO exhibited a significant shift, with carvacrol (41.5%) as the major component, alongside thymol (16.2%) and reduced terpinen-4-ol (12.3%). The 1:1 EO mixture showed intermediate levels of thymol (24.6%), carvacrol (21.7%) and terpinen-4-ol (16.4%). Antifungal tests showed that the M4 Hybrid EO was the most effective, achieving 100% inhibition at 1.0 µL/petri, followed by Osyr EO (2.0 µL/petri) and the EO mixture (2.0 µL/petri), while Oma EO required a much higher dose (15.0 µL/petri). The increased activity of M4 and Osyr EO was attributed to their high content of phenols (carvacrol and thymol), which are known to destroy the cell membranes of fungi. The study concluded that hybridisation and mixing of EO compositions can be optimised for superior antifungal activity and offer sustainable alternatives to synthetic fungicides. These results emphasise the potential of Origanum hybrids and EO mixture for environmentally friendly crop protection strategies.