The combination of a commercially available PGLA (poly[glycolide-co-l-lactide]), 90:10% suture material with bioactive bioglass nanopowders (BGNs) and graphene oxide (GO)-doped BGNs offers new opportunities for the clinical application of biomaterials in soft tissue engineering. In the present experimental work, we demonstrate that GO-doped melt-derived BGNs were synthesized via the sol-gel process. After that, novel GO-doped and undoped BGNs were used to coat resorbable PGLA surgical sutures, thereby imparting bioactivity, biocompatibility, and accelerated wound healing properties to the sutures. Stable and homogeneous coatings on the surface of the sutures were achieved using an optimized vacuum sol deposition method. The phase composition, morphology, elemental characteristics, and chemical structure of uncoated and BGNs- and BGNs/GO-coated suture samples were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, associated with elemental analysis, and knot performance test. In addition, in vitro bioactivity tests, biochemical tests, and in vivo tests were performed to examine the role of BGNs and GO on the biological and histopathological properties of the coated suture samples. The results indicated that the formation of BGNs and GO was enhanced significantly on the suture surface, which allowed for enhanced fibroblast attachment, migration, and proliferation and promoted the secretion of the angiogenic growth factor to speed up wound healing. These results confirmed the biocompatibility of BGNs- and BGNs/GO-coated suture samples and the positive effect of BGNs on the behavior of L929 fibroblast cells and also showed for the first time the possibility that cells can adhere and proliferate on the BGNs/GO-coated suture samples, especially in an in vivo environment. Resorbable surgical sutures with bioactive coatings, such as those prepared herein, can be an attractive biomaterial not only for hard tissue engineering but also for clinical applications in soft tissue engineering.

This study represents a comprehensive discussion of hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation from human and bovine bones. The phase formation and surface morphologies of prepared HAp powders were determined by XRD and SEM analyses, respectively. TEM was employed to understand the internal compositions with high magnifications and particle size. FT-IR characterizations provided information about molecular interactions and structures. In order to understand the effect of heat treatment at different temperatures and ultimately to get the desired morphology/particle size of the HAp powders derived from human and bovine, the powder samples were calcined at 700° to 1100°C with an interval of 100°C. At 700°C, the organic components were removed and finally, a carbonate apatite was obtained. The degree of crystallinity and crystallite size were noticed to increase progressively with calcination temperature. The overall results showed that the calcination temperature highly influenced the properties of HAp powders derived from human and bovine bone samples. As expected, higher temperatures led to more pure form of HAp with higher degree of crystallinity, larger crystallite size, and a less porous structure. Besides, the human bone structure, in contrary to the bovine bone, did not show temperature sensitivity by means of crystallite size increase.

Aluminum alloys have been extensively used as structural material due to its high strength and damage-tolerance. Alloy 6061, 2024 and 7075 are engineered to be lightweight and strong,and their ease of formability allows complex shapes and drawn parts,which can then be further enhanced with heat treating. In this study is aimed to improve the mechanical properties of aluminum alloys by heat treatment.AA2024 and AA7075 were selected and each alone at T3 and T6 temper conditions has been studied respectively.For the mechanical properties of AA2024 and AA7075 alloyshardness, fatigue behavior, tensile test and charpy impact test with standard V notched specimens at RTand-5 °C were analysed in the present study. Microstructural characterization has been done using standard metallography.

The effects of sintering temperature and addition of Fe instead of Co into the matrix composition on the mechanical properties of diamond-reinforced MMC’s have been studied. Diamond-reinforced MMC’s based on Fe-Co compositions with and without boron carbide (B₄C) have been processed. Three different matrix composites (with different Fe/Co ratios) have been produced with and without B₄C at a pressure of 25 MPa and sintered in N₂ at various temperatures (800, 900, and 1000°C). After sintering, mechanical properties of the resultant composites have been studied and the results discussed. Addition of B₄C has been found to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the composites. Optical microscopy, SEM and EDS have been used to examine the microstructure and surface of the synthesized composites.