In semiconductor inspection equipment, a chuck used to hold a wafer is equipped with a cooling or heating system for temperature uniformity across the surface of the wafer. Surface temperature uniformity is important for increasing semiconductor inspection speed. Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) are proposed to enhance temperature uniformity. TPMSs are a topic of increasing research in the field of additive manufacturing and are a type of metamaterial inspired by nature. TPMSs are periodic surfaces with no intersections. Their continuous curve offers self-support during the additive manufacturing process. This structure enables the division of a single space into two domains. As a result, the heat transfer area per unit volume is larger than that of general lattice structures, leading to a superior heat transfer performance. This paper proposes a new structure called a double-wall TPMS. The process of creating a double-walled TPMS by adjusting the thickness of the sheet TPMS was investigated, and its thermal performance was studied. Finally, a double-wall TPMS was applied to the chuck. The optimal designs for the diamond and gyroid structures exhibited a difference in surface temperature uniformity of 0.23 °C and 0.66 °C, respectively. Accordingly, the models optimized with the double-wall TPMS are proposed.

This study develops a design procedure for electromechanical regenerative dampers using recorded damper stroke, velocity, and force from city, highway, country, and rough-road driving. The signals are converted into directional force, mechanical-power, energy-coverage, and operating-duty requirements. Motor size, gear ratio, lever ratio, power-network limits, packaging, and reflected inertia are screened, and 12 V and 48 V configurations are selected separately. Force tracking is checked with a prescribed-motion actuator model, and the selected designs are compared with a hydraulic reference in a quarter-car model under paired ISO Class B/80, C/60, and D/40 km/h inputs. The design points include 0.4 kW at 0.30 m/s, 0.6 kW for continuous-load screening, and 2.3 kW for 95% mechanical-energy coverage per damper. On the selected Class D/40 km/h input, the interface-force NRMSE is 52.3% for the 12 V configuration and 23.5% for the 48 V configuration. This is a comparison of two complete system designs, and prototype validation remains necessary.

In the highly competitive home appliance market, the dispensing and crushing performance of built-in ice makers has become a critical quality attribute affecting both user satisfaction and product competitiveness. However, conventional product development processes still rely heavily on reactive trial-and-error approaches, which may lead to substantial economic losses during the later stages of mass production. Ice is a complex material whose mechanical properties and failure behavior are highly sensitive to initial conditions, including temperature, geometry, and porosity. Therefore, a high-fidelity numerical model capable of accurately representing these characteristics is essential. This study proposes a discrete element method (DEM)-based modeling methodology for constructing an ice block model that captures realistic mechanical behavior. Physical property data were obtained from cubic ice samples produced using an actual ice maker, and the DEM model was subsequently refined through a systematic parameter validation procedure. Furthermore, a coupled simulation framework integrating multibody dynamics (MBD) and DEM was established to quantitatively predict the performance of two primary operating modes: Cube Mode, in which ice is dispensed without fragmentation, and Crush Mode, in which ice is fragmented prior to discharge. By evaluating ice mass flow and crushing characteristics in a virtual environment representative of actual operating conditions, the proposed framework enables predictive performance assessment during the product design stage. The developed approach provides a robust analytical basis for improving the design and performance evaluation of ice dispensing and crushing mechanisms.