Wild grazing is the main problem faced by Baluran National Park (BNP) management. Sidomulyo Hamlet contributed to wild grazing by the cattle number of 2,220 heads. The research aims to assess the community readiness for the intensification program to reduce wild grazing in BNP and formulate alternative strategies to program successfully. The study was conducted in Sidomulyo Hamlet, Sumberwaru Village, Situbondo Regency, from June to October 2021. The location was chosen purposively, considering that it is one of the hamlets directly adjacent to the BNP. The method used a qualitative approach using Community Readiness Model by interviewing 12 key informants, consisting of the representative of BNP management, local government, and local farmers. Data were collected through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire under Community Readiness Model Handbook. Data were analyzed using Community Readiness Assessment. The results showed that the community readiness score related to the livestock intensification program was 4.43. The level of beef cattle community readiness at the preplanning stage, the program is still in the initial planning stage, aiming to increase awareness of the farmer community with ideas that can reduce the problem. Alternative strategies that should be carried out are: introducing information about the problem, communicating with community leaders, reviewing the efforts made to determine targets and success rates, conducting focus group discussions to discuss the problem and develop strategies, and increasing media exposure. Keywords: Baluran National Park, Community Readiness Model, conservation, wild grazing

This experimental study aims to evaluate the use of Indigofera leaves that have undergone cocktail enzyme treatment in male Mojosari duck feed. The research treatment was using Indigofera leaves due to enzyme cocktail treatment on male Mojosari duck feed with four levels: 0, 5, 10 and 15% of total feed, with six replications (@ five ducks) using 120 ducks in a completely randomized design. The variables measured and observed in this study were the production performance of male ducks, which included feed consumption, body weight growth, feed conversion. The research results were processed by analysis of variance (ANCOVA) because the coefficient of variation in initial body weight was 17.7%. The results showed that the addition of Indigofera leaf meal to the feed of male Mojosari ducks tended to reduce feed consumption (P<0.01) and body weight gain (P0.05). Indigofera flour needs to be processed first with a cocktail enzyme treatment to improve its nutritional quality so that it can be used as feed for ducks in larger quantities. Male Mojosari ducks that are kept need to be harvested at more than seven weeks to get a higher harvest weight.

This study aims to find material steel for animal feed chopper machine which is not easily corroded with method of hot dip galvanizing (HDG). Steel as machinery components or construction often gets broken before the predicted time because of corrosion. The HDG method was begun by pre-treatment process which were polishing, degreasing, rinsing I, pickling, rinsing II, fluxing, and drying. The main process of galvanizing was done by dipping in 98% of zinc solution with temperature variation of 430, 450, 470, and 490°C. The coating thickness measurement was run with Coating thickness NOVOTEST TP-1M. The corrosion was tested with electrochemical method of potentiodynamic polarization with AUTOLAB PGSTAT 128. The highest value of coating thickness was at galvanized temperature of 490°C which was 88.9 ± 3.24%. The value of standard deviation was indicated by how much the coating homogeneity formed. This was in line with the amount of corrosion rate at galvanized temperature of 490°C. The highest corrosion rate values in H₂SO₄ and NaCl environment were 1.18 and 0.21 mm/year. The highest hardness value of Zn layer is galvanizing temperature of 490°C which rises 41.71% of the base metal. The coating thickness, corrosion and surface hardness test have thee good agreement.

This research aims to analyze the development of coastal tourism at Sijile Beach and its impact on local beef cattle farming businesses. This research uses a quantitative approach with qualitative data as support, which includes interviews with key informants and surveys of around 40 breeders. The analysis was conducted to understand how tourism development affects livestock farmers' attitudes and identify policies and practices that can improve their welfare. PESTEL analysis identified political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors influencing Sijile Beach livestock farming. Political factors include conservation policies that limit land access for livestock breeders. In contrast, economic factors indicate challenges and opportunities arising from tourism, including rising land prices and opportunities for economic diversification. Social factors describe changes in cultural values and potential conflict between tourists and local communities. Technological factors indicate a lack of use of technology by livestock farmers, which limits their operational efficiency. Environmental impacts include habitat degradation and pollution due to tourism activities. Legal factors reveal problems in policy implementation and the need for local community participation in decision-making. SWOT analysis highlights strengths, such as solid local resources and a potential market of tourists, as well as weaknesses, such as technological limitations and pressure on natural resources. Opportunities include sustainable tourism development and diversification of the local economy, while threats include the environmental impact of tourism and competition with the tourism sector. These findings demonstrate the need for balanced and inclusive policies to integrate tourism with livestock and the importance of technology training and support for livestock adaptation. This research provides important insights for stakeholders in designing strategies that support ecosystem sustainability and the welfare of local communities

| Well-being issues faced by farmer households cause farmers to try various ways to meet their family’s needs. One way is to involve family members, especially wives, in economic activities. We conduct this research as a prior study about women’s inclusion in forest-dependent communities that highlight women’s productivity and the contribution of women’s income to beef cattle farmers in Karangtekok, Baluran National Park, Situbondo, East Java. The scope of this research is limited to women registered as residents of Karangtekok and involved in the management or raising activities of beef cattle with the adegen scheme. Karangtekok Hamlet, Situbondo, Indonesia, was deliberately chosen as the research site, considering the sociocultural characteristics representing a household-scale farming community. Karangtekok, which occupies the buffer area of Baluran National Park, carried out cattle farming traditionally but involved profit-sharing cooperation on a household scale. We obtained 50 peasant women involved in adegen beef cattle farming as respondents in this study through Quota Sampling. We analyze the data by descriptive qualitative analysis. The results show that wives are productive in households, including on-farm, off-farm, and non-farm sectors. The contribution of wives who perform productive roles is essential. It is at 29.06%, with an outpouring labor of as much as 78,128 man-days/year and a productivity level of 112,515 IDR per man-day.

Tujuan umum dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisa pengaruh model pembelajaran dan adversity quotient siswa terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika pada SMA Negeri di Kota Tangerang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan teknik ANOVA Dua Arah. Jumlah sampel 80 siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Tangerang yang dibagi 2 kelompok yaitu 40 siswa kelompok eksperimen dan 40 siswa kelompok kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik random sampling dan perhitungannya dengan bantuan SPSS 20. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah 1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan model pembelajaran terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Tangerang, hal ini dibuktikan dengan sig = 0,000 < 0,05 dan F_hit = 71,396. Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan koneksi matematika pada model pembelajaran brain based learning metode discovery lebih tinggi dibandingkan kemampuan koneksi matematika pada model pembelajaran langsung metode ekspositori. 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan adversity quotient terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Tangerang, hal ini dibuktikan dengan sig = 0,000 < 0,05 dan F_hit = 141,869. Berdasarkan nilai rata-rata dapat diketahui bahwa kemampuan koneksi matematika pada siswa yang memiliki adversity quotient tinggi lebih tinggi dibandingkan kemampuan koneksi matematika pada siswa yang memiliki adversity quotient rendah. 3) Terdapat pengaruh innteraktif yang signifikan model pembelajaran dan adversity quotient terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Tangerang, hal ini dibuktikan dengan sig = 0,001 < 0,05 dan F_hit = 12,987. Implikasi penelitian menemukan secara model pembelajaran brain based learning dan adversity quotient siswa dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa dan ditemukan interaksi antara model pembelajarn brain based learning dan adversity quotient terhadap kemampuan koneksi matematika siswa.