Background: Scoliosis is a common musculoskeletal disorder that remains underrecognized in Saudi Arabia, where limited public awareness may delay early detection and treatment. This study assessed public knowledge, support for school-based screening, and attitudes toward treatment. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted during the 2025 Saudi National Scoliosis Awareness Campaign through public venues and online platforms. A culturally adapted questionnaire assessed demographics, knowledge, symptom recognition, treatment preferences, barriers, and information sources. A total of 2055 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Results: While 70.9% of participants had heard of scoliosis, only 18.1% reported good understanding. Symptom recognition was limited, with spinal curvature, back pain, and uneven shoulders most often identified. Most respondents supported school-based screening (88.2%) and early detection (92.1%), with a mean preferred screening age of 8 years. Bracing (64.3%) and surgery (53.5%) were more accepted than observation (30.5%), though concerns about pain, effectiveness, and appearance were frequent. Social media was the most common initial information source (34.6%), while healthcare professionals were the preferred future source (79.2%). Reported barriers included lack of awareness (68.2%), difficulty accessing specialists (19.9%), and cost (8.9%). Conclusions: Public support for school-based screening is strong, but baseline knowledge remains limited, and treatment perceptions are shaped by psychosocial and cultural concerns. National campaigns, school curricula, and healthcare-led education, combined with accessible, low-cost screening, may enhance early detection and improve scoliosis management in Saudi Arabia.

The synchronous occurrence of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in a young adult without prior radiation exposure is exceedingly rare. The diagnostic challenge arises in differentiating between lymph node metastases from PTC and HL involvement. The absence of clear protocols for managing such cases further complicates treatment. We report a 28-year-old male with a body mass index (BMI) of 44.3 kg/m2 who presented with progressive neck swelling over 2 years. Initial investigations, including fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and imaging, revealed concurrent diagnoses of PTC and HL. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy with central compartment lymph node dissection, followed by radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation. Despite initial disease control, he later developed recurrent HL, confirmed via histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. The coexistence of HL and PTC in a single patient raises questions regarding shared risk factors, though no established causal link exists. The rarity of this presentation highlights the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Coordinating therapies such as RAI for PTC and chemotherapy for HL is critical to optimizing patient outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. This case underscores the importance of early recognition and tailored management of synchronous malignancies. The lack of established guidelines necessitates documentation of such cases to inform future clinical practice. Further research into potential risk factors, including genetic predisposition and environmental influences, is warranted.

Massive proximal humeral bone loss with concomitant rotator cuff deficiency is a rare and complex reconstructive challenge, particularly after high-energy trauma. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) with an allograft–prosthesis composite (APC) restores humeral length and soft-tissue attachment, while tendon transfer addresses residual rotational deficits. We report a 35-year-old male who presented two weeks after a gunshot injury with an 8-cm open wound and extensive proximal humeral bone loss. Following serial debridement and culture-directed antibiotics, staged reconstruction was undertaken. Initial stabilization with intramedullary nailing and a cement spacer was followed by definitive RSA-APC 21 months post-injury. A structural proximal humeral allograft was fixed with an anterolateral plate, and a lower trapezius tendon transfer was performed using the allograft’s native soft-tissue attachment as a biologic anchor. At 2-year follow-up, complete graft incorporation was observed with meaningful functional improvement.

Tibial spine avulsion injuries represent a distinct pattern of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in children and adolescents, reflecting the unique anatomical and biomechanical properties of the skeletally immature knee. Unlike midsubstance ACL ruptures, these injuries involve avulsion of the tibial insertion and pose specific diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Management strategies remain heterogeneous, particularly for partially displaced fractures, with variation in surgical indications, fixation techniques, and rehabilitation protocols. This narrative review provides a structured synthesis of current evidence on the anatomy, biomechanics, clinical presentation, and management of pediatric tibial spine avulsion injuries. Nonoperative and operative approaches are compared, with attention to fixation strategies, complications, physeal considerations, and rehabilitation principles. Return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes are examined, with available evidence suggesting that RTS rates may be comparable between operative and nonoperative management in selected patients, although interpretation is limited by heterogeneous and predominantly retrospective data. Early mobilization appears important for reducing arthrofibrosis risk, while rehabilitation should be individualized. RTS decision-making remains inconsistent, with commonly used criteria largely extrapolated from ACL reconstruction literature and lacking validation in pediatric populations. Multifactorial assessment incorporating functional testing and patient-reported outcomes is increasingly advocated, although evidence for psychological readiness remains limited. Overall, the current literature is characterized by methodological heterogeneity and limited comparative data, restricting definitive conclusions. This review provides a clinically oriented synthesis while highlighting key uncertainties and priorities for future research.

Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of aggressive lymphoid malignancies characterized by frequent extranodal involvement. Musculoskeletal manifestations, although uncommon, represent a clinically significant and under-recognized presentation that often mimics primary bone tumors, soft tissue sarcomas, and infectious conditions, leading to diagnostic delays and inappropriate initial management. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, pathology, and biological basis of musculoskeletal T-cell lymphomas, with particular emphasis on implications for orthopedic practice. A structured literature search was conducted across major databases from 2000 to the present, and evidence was integrated across clinical, radiologic, pathologic, and therapeutic domains. Musculoskeletal involvement most commonly presents with localized bone pain, soft tissue masses, or pathological fractures, with imaging features such as diffuse marrow infiltration, soft tissue extension, and relatively preserved cortical bone serving as important diagnostic clues. Definitive diagnosis relies on tissue biopsy with comprehensive immunophenotypic and molecular characterization. Emerging insights into the tumor microenvironment highlight its role in disease progression and therapeutic response, offering potential avenues for targeted treatment strategies. Management is subtype-specific and centers on systemic therapy, with selective roles for radiotherapy and orthopedic intervention in cases of structural compromise. Early recognition through integrated clinical, imaging, and pathological assessment, combined with multidisciplinary collaboration, is essential to optimize outcomes in this rare but challenging disease entity.