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Dr. Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès
GTM - Grup de recerca en Tecnologies Mèdia, La Salle - URL

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0 Acoustics
0 Communications
0 Feature Extraction
0 Machine Learning
0 Signal Processing

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Communications
sounding
Machine Learning
ionosphere
Acoustics
Feature Extraction
acoustic event detection
Signal Processing

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Journal article
Published: 28 May 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The lockdown social measures in Spain due to COVID-19 caused a significant decrease in urban noise levels, which was observed in most of the large cities. This paper presents an analysis of the noise levels in Barcelona, Spain, by means of an accurate analysis of the most relevant sensors deployed in the Barcelona Noise Monitoring Network. In this work, we present the LAeq levels in eight different locations from January 2020 to June 2020—from Superblocks to industrial zones—including and detailing all stages of the lockdown. Several comparisons were conducted with the monitoring data available from the former years (2019 and 2018—when available). The results of the analysis in Barcelona show a drastic LAeq reduction (−9 dBA), especially in nightlife areas of the city, moderate to high LAeq change (−7 dBA) in commercial and restaurants areas and a small decrease in LAeq (−5 dBA) in dense traffic areas.

ACS Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà; Carme Martínez-Suquía; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Pau Bergadà. The Soundscape of the COVID-19 Lockdown: Barcelona Noise Monitoring Network Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 5799 .

AMA Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà, Carme Martínez-Suquía, Rosa Alsina-Pagès, Pau Bergadà. The Soundscape of the COVID-19 Lockdown: Barcelona Noise Monitoring Network Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (11):5799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà; Carme Martínez-Suquía; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Pau Bergadà. 2021. "The Soundscape of the COVID-19 Lockdown: Barcelona Noise Monitoring Network Case Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11: 5799.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Sustainability
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The recent development and deployment of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASN) present new ways to address urban acoustic challenges in a smart city context. A focus on improving quality of life forms the core of smart-city design paradigms and cannot be limited to simply measuring objective environmental factors, but should also consider the perceptual, psychological and health impacts on citizens. This study therefore makes use of short (1–2.7 s) recordings sourced from a WASN in Milan which were grouped into various environmental sound source types and given an annoyance rating via an online survey with N=100 participants. A multilevel psychoacoustic model was found to achieve an overall R2=0.64 which incorporates Sharpness as a fixed effect regardless of the sound source type and Roughness, Impulsiveness and Tonality as random effects whose coefficients vary depending on the sound source. These results present a promising step toward implementing an on-sensor annoyance model which incorporates psychoacoustic features and sound source type, and is ultimately not dependent on sound level.

ACS Style

Ferran Orga; Andrew Mitchell; Marc Freixes; Francesco Aletta; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Maria Foraster. Multilevel Annoyance Modelling of Short Environmental Sound Recordings. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5779 .

AMA Style

Ferran Orga, Andrew Mitchell, Marc Freixes, Francesco Aletta, Rosa Alsina-Pagès, Maria Foraster. Multilevel Annoyance Modelling of Short Environmental Sound Recordings. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5779.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferran Orga; Andrew Mitchell; Marc Freixes; Francesco Aletta; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Maria Foraster. 2021. "Multilevel Annoyance Modelling of Short Environmental Sound Recordings." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5779.

Proceedings
Published: 19 May 2021 in Engineering Proceedings
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Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of affordable low-cost acoustic monitoring systems, as a response of several fields of application that require a close acoustic analysis in real-time: road traffic noise in crowded cities, biodiversity conservation in natural parks, behavioural tracking in the elderly living alone and even surveillance in public places for safety reasons. This paper presents a low-cost wireless acoustic sensor network developed to gather acoustic data to build a 24/7 real-time soundmap. Each node of the network comprises an omnidirectional microphone and a computation unit, which processes acoustic information locally to obtain nonsensitive data (i.e., equivalent continuous loudness levels or acoustic event labels) that are sent to a cloud server. Moreover, it has also been studied the placement of the acoustic sensors in a real scenario, following acoustics criteria. The ultimate goal of the deployed system is to enable the following functions: (i) to measure the Leq in real-time in a predefined window, (ii) to identify changing patterns in the previous measurements so that anomalous situations can be detected and (iii) to prevent and attend potential irregular situations. The proposed network aims to encourage the use of real-time non-invasive devices to obtain behavioural and environmental information, in order to take decisions in real-time.

ACS Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Ester Vidaña-Vila; Selene Caro-Via; Carme Martínez-Suquía; Marc Freixes; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. Low-Cost WASN for Real-Time Soundmap Generation. Engineering Proceedings 2021, 6, 57 .

AMA Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello, Ester Vidaña-Vila, Selene Caro-Via, Carme Martínez-Suquía, Marc Freixes, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. Low-Cost WASN for Real-Time Soundmap Generation. Engineering Proceedings. 2021; 6 (1):57.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Ester Vidaña-Vila; Selene Caro-Via; Carme Martínez-Suquía; Marc Freixes; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. 2021. "Low-Cost WASN for Real-Time Soundmap Generation." Engineering Proceedings 6, no. 1: 57.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2021 in The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
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The lockdown measures in Spain due to COVID-19 social measures showed a wide decrease in the urban noise levels observed. This paper presents an analysis of the noise levels in Girona, a 100 000 citizen city in the North-East of Catalonia (Spain). We present the LAeq levels in four different locations from January 2020 to June 2020, including all the stages of the lockdown. Several comparisons are conducted with the monitoring data available from the previous years (2019, 2018, and 2017, when available). This analysis is part of the project “Sons al Balcó,” which aims to draw the soundscape of Catalonia during the lockdown. The results of the analysis in Girona show drastic LAeq changes especially in nightlife areas of the city, moderate LAeq changes in commercial and restaurants areas, and low LAeq changes in dense traffic areas.

ACS Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Pau Bergadà; Carme Martínez-Suquía. Changes in the soundscape of Girona during the COVID lockdown. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2021, 149, 3416 -3423.

AMA Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Pau Bergadà, Carme Martínez-Suquía. Changes in the soundscape of Girona during the COVID lockdown. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2021; 149 (5):3416-3423.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Pau Bergadà; Carme Martínez-Suquía. 2021. "Changes in the soundscape of Girona during the COVID lockdown." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 149, no. 5: 3416-3423.

Journal article
Published: 11 February 2021 in Sensors
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Acoustic event detection and analysis has been widely developed in the last few years for its valuable application in monitoring elderly or dependant people, for surveillance issues, for multimedia retrieval, or even for biodiversity metrics in natural environments. For this purpose, sound source identification is a key issue to give a smart technological answer to all the aforementioned applications. Diverse types of sounds and variate environments, together with a number of challenges in terms of application, widen the choice of artificial intelligence algorithm proposal. This paper presents a comparative study on combining several feature extraction algorithms (Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients (MFCC), Gammatone Cepstrum Coefficients (GTCC), and Narrow Band (NB)) with a group of machine learning algorithms (k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN), Neural Networks (NN), and Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM)), tested over five different acoustic environments. This work has the goal of detailing a best practice method and evaluate the reliability of this general-purpose algorithm for all the classes. Preliminary results show that most of the combinations of feature extraction and machine learning present acceptable results in most of the described corpora. Nevertheless, there is a combination that outperforms the others: the use of GTCC together with kNN, and its results are further analyzed for all the corpora.

ACS Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà; Rosa Alsina-Pagès. A Comparative Survey of Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Methods in Diverse Acoustic Environments. Sensors 2021, 21, 1274 .

AMA Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà, Rosa Alsina-Pagès. A Comparative Survey of Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Methods in Diverse Acoustic Environments. Sensors. 2021; 21 (4):1274.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Bonet-Solà; Rosa Alsina-Pagès. 2021. "A Comparative Survey of Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Methods in Diverse Acoustic Environments." Sensors 21, no. 4: 1274.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2021 in Noise Mapping
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The Poblenou Superblock, in Barcelona, is a crucial element in the development of the new city-planning within the framework of the Superblock (Superilles) concept, whose principal aim is to recover the cultural, economic and social exchanges once produced in streets and squares. People living in urban areas need a lower traffic density, more green spaces and cleaner air in order to restore the previous uses of public spaces in their day-today lives. The urban actions conducted at this Superblock to change its uses were completed about 3 years ago, and neighbours and workers have already taken over the new spaces. In an interdisciplinary work on urban planning and acoustics, we detail the preliminary results of the acoustic events found in the recordings in a soundwalk in the heart of the Poblenou Superblock. Fifteen people evaluate and record sound fragments with the Hush City App application, in order to establish comparisons between the different points of the route, observe the spaces arranged for people and perceive the soundscape. Meanwhile, several acoustic technicians record 5-min long audios in the different stops designed for the soundwalk. The points chosen to make the recordings are very different from each other, some of them in the middle of gardens and others are on pacific streets and finally, we also wanted to include Superblock borders where the traffic is still very present. The results of our study were promising and have encouraged us to further investigate acoustics events in superblocks and include all the perceptual information provided by the Hush City App.

ACS Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Marc Freixes; Antonella Radicchi. A Soundwalk in the heart of Poblenou superblock in Barcelona: Preliminary study of the acoustic events. Noise Mapping 2021, 8, 207 -216.

AMA Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello, Marc Freixes, Antonella Radicchi. A Soundwalk in the heart of Poblenou superblock in Barcelona: Preliminary study of the acoustic events. Noise Mapping. 2021; 8 (1):207-216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Marc Freixes; Antonella Radicchi. 2021. "A Soundwalk in the heart of Poblenou superblock in Barcelona: Preliminary study of the acoustic events." Noise Mapping 8, no. 1: 207-216.

Journal article
Published: 11 December 2020 in Electronics
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Continuous exposure to urban noise has been found to be one of the major threats to citizens’ health. In this regard, several organizations are devoting huge efforts to designing new in-field systems to identify the acoustic sources of these threats to protect those citizens at risk. Typically, these prototype systems are composed of expensive components that limit their large-scale deployment and thus reduce the scope of their measurements. This paper aims to present a highly scalable low-cost distributed infrastructure that features a ubiquitous acoustic sensor network to monitor urban sounds. It takes advantage of (1) low-cost microphones deployed in a redundant topology to improve their individual performance when identifying the sound source, (2) a deep-learning algorithm for sound recognition, (3) a distributed data-processing middleware to reach consensus on the sound identification, and (4) a custom planar antenna with an almost isotropic radiation pattern for the proper node communication. This enables practitioners to acoustically populate urban spaces and provide a reliable view of noises occurring in real time. The city of Barcelona (Spain) and the UrbanSound8K dataset have been selected to analytically validate the proposed approach. Results obtained in laboratory tests endorse the feasibility of this proposal.

ACS Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Joan Navarro; Cristina Borda-Fortuny; Dan Stowell; Rosa Alsina-Pagès. Low-Cost Distributed Acoustic Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Sound Monitoring. Electronics 2020, 9, 2119 .

AMA Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila, Joan Navarro, Cristina Borda-Fortuny, Dan Stowell, Rosa Alsina-Pagès. Low-Cost Distributed Acoustic Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Sound Monitoring. Electronics. 2020; 9 (12):2119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Joan Navarro; Cristina Borda-Fortuny; Dan Stowell; Rosa Alsina-Pagès. 2020. "Low-Cost Distributed Acoustic Sensor Network for Real-Time Urban Sound Monitoring." Electronics 9, no. 12: 2119.

Conference paper
Published: 03 December 2020 in Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications
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The poultry meat industry is one of the most efficient biological systems to transform cereal protein into high quality protein for human consumption at a low cost. However, to supply the increasing demand of white meat, intensive production is required whiche generates stress for the animals, which can be a major source of welfare problems. In this study, a comparative acoustic analysis of two entire production cycles of an intensive broiler Ross 308 poultry farm in the Mediterranean area has been performed. The following step to consolidate the analysis is to stablise a clear comparison among the performance of the indicators (Leq, Leq variation, Peak Frequency (PF) and PF variation) in the conditions of two different recording campaigns corresponding to summer and winter entire production cycles. The acoustic maps of PF, Leq and the related variations should be validated in an inter-campaign comparison, which may also arise the possibility of changes due to the season of the year.

ACS Style

Gerardo-José Ginovart-Panisello; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Tesa Panisello Monjo. Acoustic Description of Bird Broiler Vocalisations in a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Comparative Analysis of Recordings. Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications 2020, 2, 53 .

AMA Style

Gerardo-José Ginovart-Panisello, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Tesa Panisello Monjo. Acoustic Description of Bird Broiler Vocalisations in a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Comparative Analysis of Recordings. Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications. 2020; 2 (1):53.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerardo-José Ginovart-Panisello; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Tesa Panisello Monjo. 2020. "Acoustic Description of Bird Broiler Vocalisations in a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Comparative Analysis of Recordings." Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications 2, no. 1: 53.

Conference paper
Published: 14 November 2020 in Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications
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In this project, we aim to study the effect that the lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic has caused on the perception of noise in Catalonia. In Sons al Balcó, the research activities cohabit with the dynamic collaboration with citizens and other stakeholders to create social and environmental impact, to widen awareness and design tools to improve citizenship development and empowerment. The initial scientific hypothesis is that the annoyance coming from outdoor noise, minimized by the lockdown effect, could be associated with better perception of the soundscape by people. Sons al Balcó allows validating this hypothesis in two different ways. On the one hand, by means of subjective questionnaires conducted to people living in pre-defined diverse acoustic areas (urban, suburban and rural environments), and on the other hand, by the use of objective measurements of the noise levels, and the study of the soundscape in these areas, using short pieces of video collected by citizens. For this purpose, we designed an on line test to be conducted by any citizen aiming to contribute to this wide study for all the territory of Catalonia, both from rural areas and from cities. A communication campaign was conducted to reach a significant participation. During the lockdown, more than 350 questionnaires and videos were collected, and a first map of the soundscape of the confinement in Catalonia was depicted.

ACS Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pages; Ferran Orga; Roger Mallol; Marc Freixes; Xavier Baño; Maria Foraster. Sons al balcó: Soundscape Map of the Confinement in Catalonia. Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications 2020, 2, 77 .

AMA Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pages, Ferran Orga, Roger Mallol, Marc Freixes, Xavier Baño, Maria Foraster. Sons al balcó: Soundscape Map of the Confinement in Catalonia. Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications. 2020; 2 (1):77.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pages; Ferran Orga; Roger Mallol; Marc Freixes; Xavier Baño; Maria Foraster. 2020. "Sons al balcó: Soundscape Map of the Confinement in Catalonia." Proceedings of 7th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications 2, no. 1: 77.

Journal article
Published: 02 October 2020 in Sustainability
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Acoustic pollution has been associated with adverse effects on the health and life expectancy of people, especially when noise exposure happens during the nighttime. With over half of the world population living in urban areas, acoustic pollution is an important concern for city administrators, especially those focused on transportation and leisure noise. Advances in sensor and network technologies made the deployment of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASN) possible in cities, which, combined with artificial intelligence (AI), can enable smart services for their citizens. However, the creation of such services often requires structured environmental audio databases to train AI algorithms. This paper reports on an environmental audio dataset of 363 min and 53 s created in a lively area of the Barcelona city center, which targeted traffic and leisure events. This dataset, which is free and publicly available, can provide researchers with real-world acoustic data to help the development and testing of sound monitoring solutions for urban environments.

ACS Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Leticia Duboc; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Francesc Polls; Harold Vargas. BCNDataset: Description and Analysis of an Annotated Night Urban Leisure Sound Dataset. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8140 .

AMA Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila, Leticia Duboc, Rosa Alsina-Pagès, Francesc Polls, Harold Vargas. BCNDataset: Description and Analysis of an Annotated Night Urban Leisure Sound Dataset. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (19):8140.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Leticia Duboc; Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Francesc Polls; Harold Vargas. 2020. "BCNDataset: Description and Analysis of an Annotated Night Urban Leisure Sound Dataset." Sustainability 12, no. 19: 8140.

Journal article
Published: 25 August 2020 in Remote Sensing
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The ionosphere provides a channel that is able to propagate electromagnetic waves for long-haul communications, allowing Non-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) radio communications in the high-frequency band (HF). Nonetheless, its performance as a communications channel mainly depends on solar activity, as Earth’s diurnal and seasonal cycles modify the ionospheric ionization by the sun and consequently the channel performance. La Salle and the Observatori de l’Ebre have conducted oblique soundings of a 12,760 km ionospheric channel from Livingston Island (South Shetland Archipelago—Antarctica −62.7∘S, 299.6∘E) to Cambrils (Spain −41.0∘N, 1.0∘E) to evaluate this evidence and analyze the characteristics of this particular channel. The final goal of the project is to establish a stable communications link to be used as a backup for low throughput data transmission from the various geomagnetic and meteorological sensors located in the Spanish Antarctic Station. The aim of this paper is to confirm the relationship between the channel availability of narrowband and wideband communications and the resulting channel parameters with the solar and ionospheric activity for four consecutive sounding campaigns.

ACS Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès; David Altadill; Marcos Hervás; Estefania Blanch; Antoni Segarra; Xavier Gonzalez Sans. Variation of Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband Performance for a 12,760 km Transequatorial Link and Its Dependence on Solar and Ionospheric Activity. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2750 .

AMA Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès, David Altadill, Marcos Hervás, Estefania Blanch, Antoni Segarra, Xavier Gonzalez Sans. Variation of Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband Performance for a 12,760 km Transequatorial Link and Its Dependence on Solar and Ionospheric Activity. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (17):2750.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès; David Altadill; Marcos Hervás; Estefania Blanch; Antoni Segarra; Xavier Gonzalez Sans. 2020. "Variation of Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband Performance for a 12,760 km Transequatorial Link and Its Dependence on Solar and Ionospheric Activity." Remote Sensing 12, no. 17: 2750.

Editorial
Published: 23 August 2020 in Sensors
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This Special Issue is focused on all the technologies necessary for the development of an efficient wireless acoustic sensor network, from the first stages of its design to the tests conducted during deployment; its final performance; and possible subsequent implications for authorities in terms of the definition of policies. This Special Issue collects the contributions of several LIFE and H2020 projects aimed at the design and implementation of intelligent acoustic sensor networks, with a focus on the publication of good practices for the design and deployment of intelligent networks in any locations.

ACS Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Patrizia Bellucci; Giovanni Zambon. Smart Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Noise Monitoring in Smart Cities. Sensors 2020, 20, 4765 .

AMA Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Patrizia Bellucci, Giovanni Zambon. Smart Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Noise Monitoring in Smart Cities. Sensors. 2020; 20 (17):4765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Patrizia Bellucci; Giovanni Zambon. 2020. "Smart Wireless Acoustic Sensor Network Design for Noise Monitoring in Smart Cities." Sensors 20, no. 17: 4765.

Journal article
Published: 23 August 2020 in Sensors
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In addition to air pollution, environmental noise has become one of the major hazards for citizens, being Road Traffic Noise (RTN) as its main source in urban areas. Recently, low-cost Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASNs) have become an alternative to traditional strategic noise mapping in cities. In order to monitor RTN solely, WASN-based approaches should automatize the off-line removal of those events unrelated to regular road traffic (e.g., sirens, airplanes, trams, etc.). Within the LIFE DYNAMAP project, 15 urban Anomalous Noise Events (ANEs) were described through an expert-based recording campaign. However, that work only focused on the overall analysis of the events gathered during non-sequential diurnal periods. As a step forward to characterize the temporal and local particularities of urban ANEs in real acoustic environments, this work analyses their distribution between day (06:00–22:00) and night (22:00–06:00) in narrow (1 lane) and wide (more than 1 lane) streets. The study is developed on a manually-labelled 151-h acoustic database obtained from the 24-nodes WASN deployed across DYNAMAP’s Milan pilot area during a weekday and a weekend day. Results confirm the unbalanced nature of the problem (RTN represents 83.5% of the data), while identifying 26 ANE subcategories mainly derived from pedestrians, animals, transports and industry. Their presence depends more significantly on the time period than on the street type, as most events have been observed in the day-time during the weekday, despite being especially present in narrow streets. Moreover, although ANEs show quite similar median durations regardless of time and location in general terms, they usually present higher median signal-to-noise ratios at night, mainly on the weekend, which becomes especially relevant for the WASN-based computation of equivalent RTN levels.

ACS Style

Francesc Alías; Joan Claudi Socoró; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. WASN-Based Day–Night Characterization of Urban Anomalous Noise Events in Narrow and Wide Streets. Sensors 2020, 20, 4760 .

AMA Style

Francesc Alías, Joan Claudi Socoró, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. WASN-Based Day–Night Characterization of Urban Anomalous Noise Events in Narrow and Wide Streets. Sensors. 2020; 20 (17):4760.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesc Alías; Joan Claudi Socoró; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. 2020. "WASN-Based Day–Night Characterization of Urban Anomalous Noise Events in Narrow and Wide Streets." Sensors 20, no. 17: 4760.

Journal article
Published: 21 August 2020 in Sensors
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Poultry meat is the world’s primary source of animal protein due to low cost and is widely eaten at a global level. However, intensive production is required to supply the demand although it generates stress to animals and welfare problems, which have to be reduced or eradicated for the better health of birds. In this study, bird welfare is measured by certain indicators: CO2, temperature, humidity, weight, deaths, food, and water intake. Additionally, we approach an acoustic analysis of bird vocalisations as a possible metric to add to the aforementioned parameters. For this purpose, an acoustic recording and analysis of an entire production cycle of an intensive broiler Ross 308 poultry farm in the Mediterranean area was performed. The acoustic dataset generated was processed to obtain the Equivalent Level (Leq), the mean Peak Frequency (PF), and the PF variation, every 30 min. This acoustical analysis aims to evaluate the relation between traditional indicators (death, weight, and CO2) as well as acoustical metrics (equivalent level impact (Leq) and Peak Frequency) of a complete intensive production cycle. As a result, relation between CO2 and humidity versus Leq was found, as well as decreases in vocalisation when the intake of food and water was large.

ACS Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Ignasi Iriondo Sanz; Tesa Panisello Monjo; Marcel Call Prat. Acoustic Description of the Soundscape of a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Preliminary Analysis of Farm Sounds and Bird Vocalisations. Sensors 2020, 20, 4732 .

AMA Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Ignasi Iriondo Sanz, Tesa Panisello Monjo, Marcel Call Prat. Acoustic Description of the Soundscape of a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Preliminary Analysis of Farm Sounds and Bird Vocalisations. Sensors. 2020; 20 (17):4732.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerardo José Ginovart-Panisello; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Ignasi Iriondo Sanz; Tesa Panisello Monjo; Marcel Call Prat. 2020. "Acoustic Description of the Soundscape of a Real-Life Intensive Farm and Its Impact on Animal Welfare: A Preliminary Analysis of Farm Sounds and Bird Vocalisations." Sensors 20, no. 17: 4732.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2020 in Electronics
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Concerned about the noise pollution in urban environments, the European Commission (EC) has created an Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC (END) requiring Member states to publish noise maps and noise management plans every five years for cities with a high density of inhabitants, major roads, railways and airports. The END also requires the noise pressure levels for these sources to be presented independently. Currently, data measurements and the representations of the noise pressure levels in such maps are performed semi-manually by experts. This process is time and cost consuming, as well as limited to presenting only a static picture of the noise levels. To overcome these issues, we propose the deployment of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks with several nodes in urban environments that can enable the generation of real-time noise level maps, as well as detect the source of the sound thanks to machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we briefly review the state of the art of the hardware used in wireless acoustic applications and propose a low-cost sensor based on an ARM cortex-A microprocessor. This node is able to process machine learning algorithms for sound source detection in-situ, allowing the deployment of highly scalable sound identification systems.

ACS Style

Rosa Maria Alsina-Pagès; Marcos Hervás; Leticia Duboc; Jordi Carbassa. Design of a Low-Cost Configurable Acoustic Sensor for the Rapid Development of Sound Recognition Applications. Electronics 2020, 9, 1155 .

AMA Style

Rosa Maria Alsina-Pagès, Marcos Hervás, Leticia Duboc, Jordi Carbassa. Design of a Low-Cost Configurable Acoustic Sensor for the Rapid Development of Sound Recognition Applications. Electronics. 2020; 9 (7):1155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Maria Alsina-Pagès; Marcos Hervás; Leticia Duboc; Jordi Carbassa. 2020. "Design of a Low-Cost Configurable Acoustic Sensor for the Rapid Development of Sound Recognition Applications." Electronics 9, no. 7: 1155.

Proceedings
Published: 11 May 2020 in Proceedings
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In communications, channel models are useful approximations to the performance of a real channel, which most of the time is not available for repeated tests. In this work we present the problem of the real Near Vertical Incidence Skywave (NVIS) ionospheric scenario channel sounding, and evaluate the channel propagation characteristics in terms of frequency and time spread, with the final goal of designing a channel model. An NVIS channel model can be obtained from the evaluated channel parameters; however, on one hand, there is the problem of missing data due to bad channel performance in some frequencies, and, on the other hand, the measured parameters have strong dependencies between them that cannot be evinced directly. In this work, we conduct a first set of analyses of the measured parameters of the soundings to determine the dependencies in terms of quality of the channel propagation but refer mainly to the Doppler spread and the delay spread in the sensor. This classification approach allows us to face the second part of the research focusing on the design of the channel model for the ionospheric communication of remote sensors.

ACS Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Albert Lloveras; Lluís Formiga. Spectro-Temporal Analysis of the Ionospheric Sounding of an NVIS HF Sensor. Proceedings 2020, 42, 79 .

AMA Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès, Albert Lloveras, Lluís Formiga. Spectro-Temporal Analysis of the Ionospheric Sounding of an NVIS HF Sensor. Proceedings. 2020; 42 (1):79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Alsina-Pagès; Albert Lloveras; Lluís Formiga. 2020. "Spectro-Temporal Analysis of the Ionospheric Sounding of an NVIS HF Sensor." Proceedings 42, no. 1: 79.

Review
Published: 28 April 2020 in Sensors
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High Frequency (HF) communications through ionospheric reflection is a widely used technique specifically for maritime, aeronautical, and emergency services communication with remote areas due to economic and management reasons, and also as backup system. Although long distance radio links can be established beyond line-of-sight, the availability, the usable frequencies and the capacity of the channel depends on the state of the ionosphere. The main factors that affect the ionosphere are day-night, season, sunspot number, polar aurora and earth magnetic field. These effects impair the transmitted wave, which suffers attenuation, time and frequency dispersion. In order to increase the knowledge of this channel, the ionosphere has been sounded by means of narrowband and wideband waveforms by the research community all over the world in several research initiatives. This work intends to be a review of remarkable projects for vertical sounding with a world wide network and for oblique sounding for high latitude, mid latitude, and trans-equatorial latitude.

ACS Style

Marcos Hervás; Pau Bergadà; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband HF Soundings for Communications Purposes: A Review. Sensors 2020, 20, 2486 .

AMA Style

Marcos Hervás, Pau Bergadà, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband HF Soundings for Communications Purposes: A Review. Sensors. 2020; 20 (9):2486.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcos Hervás; Pau Bergadà; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès. 2020. "Ionospheric Narrowband and Wideband HF Soundings for Communications Purposes: A Review." Sensors 20, no. 9: 2486.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2020 in Applied Acoustics
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Inventorying and monitoring which bird species inhabit a specific area give rich and reliable information regarding its conservation status and other meaningful biological parameters. Typically, this surveying process is carried out manually by ornithologists and birdwatchers who spend long periods of time in the areas of interest trying to identify which species occur. Such methodology is based on the experts’ own knowledge, experience, visualization and hearing skills, which results in an expensive, subjective and error prone process. The purpose of this paper is to present a computing friendly system able to automatically detect and classify woodpecker acoustic signals from a real-world environment. More specifically, the proposed architecture features a two-stage Learning Classifier System that uses (1) Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients and Zero Crossing Rate to detect bird sounds over environmental noise, and (2) Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients, Perceptual Linear Predictive Coefficients and Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients to identify the bird species and sound type (i.e., vocal sounds such as advertising calls, excitement calls, call notes and drumming events) associated to that bird sound. Conducted experiments over a data set of the known woodpeckers species belonging to the Picidae family that live in the Iberian peninsula have resulted in an overall accuracy of 94,02%, which endorses the feasibility of this proposal and encourage practitioners to work toward this direction.

ACS Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Joan Navarro; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Álvaro Ramírez. A two-stage approach to automatically detect and classify woodpecker (Fam. Picidae) sounds. Applied Acoustics 2020, 166, 107312 .

AMA Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila, Joan Navarro, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Álvaro Ramírez. A two-stage approach to automatically detect and classify woodpecker (Fam. Picidae) sounds. Applied Acoustics. 2020; 166 ():107312.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ester Vidaña-Vila; Joan Navarro; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Álvaro Ramírez. 2020. "A two-stage approach to automatically detect and classify woodpecker (Fam. Picidae) sounds." Applied Acoustics 166, no. : 107312.

Journal article
Published: 11 March 2020 in Cities & Health
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Noise is one of the main environmental pollutants and it is becoming a growing public health concern due to its impact on the quality of life in urban areas. In order to monitor critical locations, Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks are being deployed, mainly in European and American cities. These networks focus primarily on measuring noise levels associated with road traffic. However, a number of different sounds are also present in urban areas and if our overall aim is to improve the quality of life of city inhabitants, then these additional sounds should be considered in accordance with the soundscape approach. This think piece proposes a step forward in the analysis of citizens’ perception of noise annoyance. We want to analyse the degree of annoyance caused by different sounds and study how this is related to psychoacoustic parameters. To this end, we propose to assess the acoustic environment by conducting perceptual tests on data gathered in a noise monitoring network. The proposed methodology is presented and discussed, and several open questions are posed to the research community.

ACS Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Marc Freixes; Ferran Orga; Maria Foraster; Alexandra Labairu-Trenchs. Perceptual evaluation of the citizen’s acoustic environment from classic noise monitoring. Cities & Health 2020, 5, 145 -149.

AMA Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Marc Freixes, Ferran Orga, Maria Foraster, Alexandra Labairu-Trenchs. Perceptual evaluation of the citizen’s acoustic environment from classic noise monitoring. Cities & Health. 2020; 5 (1-2):145-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Marc Freixes; Ferran Orga; Maria Foraster; Alexandra Labairu-Trenchs. 2020. "Perceptual evaluation of the citizen’s acoustic environment from classic noise monitoring." Cities & Health 5, no. 1-2: 145-149.

Journal article
Published: 22 January 2020 in Sensors
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Environmental noise can be defined as the accumulation of noise pollution caused by sounds generated by outdoor human activities, Road Traffic Noise (RTN) being the main source in urban and suburban areas. To address the negative effects of environmental noise on public health, the European Environmental Noise Directive requires EU member states to tailor noise maps and define the corresponding action plans every five years for major agglomerations and key infrastructures. Noise maps have been hitherto created from expert-based measurements, after cleaning the recorded acoustic data of undesired acoustic events, or Anomalous Noise Events (ANEs). In recent years, Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks (WASNs) have become an alternative. However, most of the proposals focus on measuring global noise levels without taking into account the presence of ANEs. The LIFE DYNAMAP project has developed a WASN-based dynamic noise mapping system to analyze the acoustic impact of road infrastructures in real time based solely on RTN levels. After studying the bias caused by individual ANEs on the computation of the A-weighted equivalent noise levels through an expert-based dataset obtained before installing the sensor networks, this work evaluates the aggregate impact of the ANEs on the RTN measurements in a real-operation environment. To that effect, 304 h and 20 min of labeled acoustic data collected through the two WASNs deployed in both pilot areas have been analyzed, computing the individual and aggregate impacts of ANEs for each sensor location and impact range (low, medium and high) for a 5 min integration time. The study shows the regular occurrence of ANEs when monitoring RTN levels in both acoustic environments, which are especially common in the urban area. Moreover, the results reveal that the aggregate contribution of low- and medium-impact ANEs can become as critical as the presence of high-impact individual ANEs, thus highlighting the importance of their automatic removal to obtain reliable WASN-based RTN maps in real-operation environments.

ACS Style

Francesc Alías; Ferran Orga; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Joan Claudi Socoró. Aggregate Impact of Anomalous Noise Events on the WASN-Based Computation of Road Traffic Noise Levels in Urban and Suburban Environments. Sensors 2020, 20, 609 .

AMA Style

Francesc Alías, Ferran Orga, Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès, Joan Claudi Socoró. Aggregate Impact of Anomalous Noise Events on the WASN-Based Computation of Road Traffic Noise Levels in Urban and Suburban Environments. Sensors. 2020; 20 (3):609.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesc Alías; Ferran Orga; Rosa Ma Alsina-Pagès; Joan Claudi Socoró. 2020. "Aggregate Impact of Anomalous Noise Events on the WASN-Based Computation of Road Traffic Noise Levels in Urban and Suburban Environments." Sensors 20, no. 3: 609.