This study aims to analyze the variation in the placement of adverbials in the non-native variety of English i.e. Pakistani English. From the current pedagogical point of view, the placement of adverbials in Pakistani English is influenced both by the Pakistani languages itself and by local teaching practices. Identifying the diverse placement and position of adverbials in the different registers under consideration is the key issue that has been addressed in the present research. A corpus of Pakistani English newspapers, short stories and novels was compiled to analyze the variations in the use of adverbials in non-native contexts. AntConc software has been used to extract the adverbials. The extracted examples reflect the state of development and the degree of variation in Pakistan English. The results and findings of this study show that there are some changes in the placement of adverbial in Pakistani English as compared to British English. These differences point out the specificities and novelties that are the characteristics of Pakistani English. These positional differences show variation in style in Pakistani English in comparison to the norms of Standard English. This study contributes to the flow of knowledge about variation in English and maps out the distinct use of English in Pakistan.

The present study is a critique of an African English novel Nervous Conditions to explore how the writer speaks back to the patriarchal oppression. For this purpose, the researchers intend to explore the patterns of female subordination in African patriarchal society and the ways with which women resist this oppressive system as embedded in Nervous Conditions. The study utilizes Walby's (1990) concept of 'private patriarchy' from his theory of patriarchy. Radical feminism as a feminist perspective of patriarchy provided the theoretical background to carry out this study. Grounded in qualitative research design, the present study utilizes qualitative textual analysis to identify the meaningful patterns working to highlight and challenge patriarchal oppression in the text. The results of the study indicate that the text under study highlights the subordination of African women through seven patterns where they are shown to be a victim of discrimination in the familial domain regarding food distribution, the burden of household work, educational opportunities, daily living conditions, child gender preference, and in freedom of mobility and freedom of opinion/decision. Moreover, the reaction of the women towards this subordination is identified concerning three different aspects where women escape, get entrapped or rebel against this patriarchal system. The study has found Nervous Conditions a challenging narrative that questions the unjust female subordination in a patriarchal society. The researchers conclude the study by substantiating Dangarembga's stance that this game of entrapment, rebellion and escape is disastrous for the females and humanity as a whole.

The concept of discourse with its power to construct social, political or religious myths is significant in literature and in life. This research aims to undertake a Deconstructionist study of Tariq Rahman’s selected short stories to explore the way he deconstructs different established myths of his society with the help of his counter-discourse. Derrida’s theory of Deconstruction has been employed for the analysis of his three short stories: Bingo, Eid-e-Milad-un-Nabi, and The Dying Wish. It is a qualitative study with a close analysis of the text of the short stories. The analysis shows that Rahman has deconstructed many established myths of his society to provide his readers with objective lenses to perceive reality and be better informed, and to make them get rid of hypocrisy and double standards.

In today's world, where nations are interconnected through media, the analysis of media discourse from different perspectives on societal issues has gained much currency. The present study analyzes the satirical representation of a newspaper cartoon to find out how these media persons utilize cartoons and the accompanying linguistic choices to affect readers' opinions and understandings. Guided by qualitative research methodology, the data for this study is collected in the form of one cartoon selected through purposive sampling from a Pakistani English newspaper i.e., Dawn. Taking insights from Barthes's (1957) theory of semiotics and Fairclough’s (1995) Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) model, the study utilizes an integrated framework for a fine-grain analysis of cartoon discourse. The intermingling of these two models of analysis has helped the researchers to highlight how newspaper cartoon discourse can be utilized to construct and highlight certain ideologies. The selected cartoon under the caption "OIC seeks global intervention to halt Gaza genocide," highlights the themes of victimization and powerlessness. By utilizing the signs of a man and a wooden log for the OIC (Organization of Islamic Cooperation) and Gaza, respectively, the cartoonist has evoked feelings of sympathy for the innocent killing of Palestinians. Hence, the study has found a logical connection between linguistic and semiotic systems to highlight the OIC's inefficacy and the world's indifference and hypocritical response towards the humanitarian crisis in Gaza.

This study aims to examine the representation of the Gaza war in Pakistani and British newspaper editorials through cartoons. Machin and Mayr (2012) multimodal analytical model has been applied for the analysis of cartoons. The data for this study is collected from English newspapers. The data source of this research included two Pakistani newspapers (The Dawn, The News International) and two British newspapers (The Telegraph, The Independent). The time period for the data collection is 3 weeks. The editorial cartoons have been selected by using the purposive sampling technique. The results of the study indicate that Pakistani and British newspaper editorial cartoons show significant differences in narrative focus and ideological alignment regarding the issue of the Gaza war. Pakistani cartoons highlight the victimization of Palestinians, criticize western support for Israel, and advocate Islamic and international solidarity against the policies of Israel. In contrast, British cartoons criticize political leadership and larger international issues through humor and satire. These findings reflect the political, cultural, and social background of each country, which influences the way the Gaza war is represented and perceived by the public. This study highlights the importance of cartoons and images in conveying specific ideas and perspectives, particularly in the context of the Gaza war.