Background: The expression levels of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs in human acute Stanford type A aortic dissecting aneurysm and normal active vascular tissues were compared using the array lncRNA/mRNA expression profile chip technology. Methods: The tissue samples of 5 patients who presented with Stanford type A aortic dissections and the normal ascending aorta tissues from 5 donor heart transplantation patients receiving surgical treatment in Ganzhou People’s Hospital were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were performed to investigate the structural features of the ascending aortic vascular tissue. Nanodropnd-100 was used to detect the surface level of RNA in 10 samples included in the experiment, to ensure that the quality of the standard was consistent with the core plate detection. NanoDrop ND-1000 was used to detect the RNA expression levels in 10 specimens included in the experiment to ensure that the quality of specimens satisfied the requirements of the microarray detection experiment. The Arraystar Human LncRNA/mRNAV3.0 expression profile chip (8×60K, Arraystar) was used to detect the expression levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the tissue samples. Results: A total of 29,198 lncRNAs and 22,959 mRNA target genes could be detected in the above tissue samples after the initial data were standardized and low-expression information was filtered. The data in the middle of the range of 50% value consistency was higher. The scatterplot results preliminarily suggested that there were large numbers of lncRNAs with increased and decreased expression in Stanford type A aortic dissection tissues compared with normal aortic tissues. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were enriched in BPs including apoptosis, nitric oxide synthesis, estradiol response, angiogenesis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and acute response; cell components (CCs) including cytoplasm, nucleus, cytoplasmic matrix, extracellular space, protein complex, and platelet α granule lumen; and MFs including protease binding, zinc ion binding, steroid compound binding, steroid hormone receptor activity, heme binding, protein kinase, cytokine, superoxide dismutase, and nitric oxide synthase activities. Conclusions: Gene ontology analysis demonstrated that many genes in Stanford type A aortic dissection were involved in cell biological functions, cell components, and molecular functions through upregulating and downregulating the levels of expression.

Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) is a critical and life-threatening condition. To date, surgical intervention remains the primary life-saving treatment. However, this surgical approach is often accompanied by a range of postoperative complications, and the associated mortality rate remains high. In this study, we introduced an innovative technique that utilized tetrafurcate graft eversion for suturing and reinforcing the aortic root, in conjunction with a single-branched stent technique, for the management of ATAAD. A total of eighty-nine ATAAD patients who underwent surgical treatment at Ganzhou People’s Hospital between January 2021 and March 2024 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical technique employed: a conventional group (n = 57) and an modified-technique group (n = 32). A comprehensive analysis of perioperative outcomes was conducted. There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative characteristics between the two groups. The intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, assisted-circulation time (ACT), and total operation time in the modified-technique group were significantly shorter than those in the conventional group (P = 0.027, P = 0.009, and P = 0.012, respectively). Moreover, patients in the modified-technique group had less drainage on the first postoperative day (P = 0.011), shorter ventilation time, intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and postoperative in-hospital stay (P = 0.014, P = 0.028, and P = 0.017, respectively), as well as a lower postoperative in-hospital mortality rate (P = 0.035)​. Combining tetrafurcate graft eversion for aortic root suturing and reinforcement with single-branched stent implantation offers a simplified, safe, and effective approach for treating ATAAD.