A physiological and metabolic database for various species of Amazonian plants is crucial to the species selection and sustainable utilization of their diversity. We hypothesized that understanding the mobilization of Carapa seed reserves and water uptake during germination could provide insights into the physiological behavior and propagation to differentiate species of the same genus. Given this, the mobilization mechanisms of primary reserves, water uptake, and enzymatic activities in seeds of two species of Carapa ( Carapa guianensis and Carapa vasquezii) were investigated. The lipid content was high in both species, with a value of 63.7 ± 4.7% for C. guianensis and 55 ± 1.5% for C. vasquezii. Carapa guianensis showed higher values for the other evaluated reserves. The protein profile highlights a band between 15 and 25 kDa in C. guianensis. As for the enzymatic activities investigated (lipase, amylase, protease, amd acid phosphatase), C. guianensis showed greater activity for most of them, except for acid phosphatase. Overall, the species showed different metabolic strategies and dynamics regarding the water uptake and use of reserves. Our findings indicate that distinct metabolic pathways are employed during the germination and initial seedling growth stages of two Carapa species. This trait can potentially guide the use and conservation of these species.

Foi proposta deste relato a intervenção didática na forma de modalidade didática Krasilchikiana Simulação com abordagem dialógica-temática Freiriana para uma turma de Educação Profissional de uma Instituição de Ensino privada no município de Parauapebas (Pará-Brasil). Aplicada de forma interdisciplinar e entre conteúdo dos componentes curriculares Sistema de Produção e Gestão de Qualidade de uma Turma do curso Técnico em Eletroeletrônica, esta proposta centrou-se na confecção de Cartões de visita em escala integrada, como ocorre em um ambiente industrial, em diferencial com o estabelecimento de diálogos temáticos, objetivando melhorar o ensino em integração. Percebeu-se que a aplicação obteve sucesso, quanto a modalidade didática escolhida, a interdisciplinaridade, a integração entre os discentes e o diálogo temático. Conclui-se que há predisposição dos discentes da Educação Profissional para a aceitação de novas metodologias de ensino que estimulem interações com práticas sociais.

Given the reduced resilience of the Amazon rainforest due to deforestation, identifying high-quality genetic markers for the propagation of native species is crucial for forest regeneration. This study investigated metabolic dynamics during Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) germination to identify biochemical markers for selecting superior genotypes. We analyzed primary reserves (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins) and minerals in two genotypes, 606 and Santa Fé, in seven germination stages. Our results revealed distinct metabolic patterns. Genotype 606 showed 101.73% greater efficiency in the transient accumulation of starch, 34.86% higher degradation of lipids, and 34.86% higher transitory synthesis of soluble proteins. Conversely, Santa Fé was 16.8% more efficient in amino acid synthesis and 795.33% in boron compartmentalization, though less so in sucrose (2.17%) and in lipid synthesis (24.84%). Overall, early germination stages involved starch, sucrose degradation and mineral consumption. During post-germinative stages, protein and lipid degradation likely fueled gluconeogenic pathways and supported carbohydrate synthesis and seedling growth. This work increases the knowledge on Brazil nut germination physiology and identifies metabolic markers that differentiate genotypes. These findings are fundamental for our understanding of primary metabolism turnover in B. excelsa and provide a basis to support forest restoration and genetic improvement programs. In addition, we hope to contribute to the selection of superior high-performance genotypes, which are essential for recovering degraded areas and enhancing productive plantations in the Amazon region.

Understanding the integration of metabolic fluxes in fruits and seeds is crucial for identifying key biochemical markers for phenotypic selection in tropical species. This study investigated the Amazonian fruit species Eugenia patrisii (Myrtaceae), known for its nutritional and biotechnological potential, to elucidate the link between fruit chemistry and primary reserve mobilization during germination and early seedling growth. Botanical material was collected from an experimental plantation in Maraba, Pará, Brazil. Three contrasting phenotypes (Ph2, Ph3, and Ph6) were analyzed for fruit proximate composition as well as the dynamics of carbohydrates and protein use over seven germination stages. Fruits predominantly contained carbohydrates (76.6–79.3 g/100 g) and proteins (12.7–17.5 g/100 g) and had low lipid content (<5 g/100 g), indicating high energy conversion efficiency. Phenotype Ph6 showed higher protein accumulation and intensive reserve metabolism in late development stages, while Ph2 featured greater soluble sugar content, indicating contrasting reserve allocation strategies. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the indices of integrated metabolic flux (MFI) and total activity (TAI) revealed distinct metabolic cost patterns and biochemical efficiency among phenotypes. Together, these results demonstrate that fruit nutritional attributes and seed metabolic behavior provide quantitative criteria for identifying superior phenotypes, with Ph3 and Ph6 emerging as promising candidates for domestication, breeding, and conservation programs.

We investigate and characterize the morphophysiological changes related to germination and the initial growth and development of seedlings of wild and cultivated genotypes of the genus Hevea spp. in finding to add value to new clones. Seeds from six genotypes (H. brasiliensis (Willd. Ex A. Juss) Müll. Arg, H. guianensis Aubl., H. spruceana (Benth.) Müll. Arg., RRIM 600, Fx 3844, and IAN 873) were sterilized, and their imbibition curve, germination parameters, and initial seedling growth were characterized. In parallel, the morphology of the germination and post-germination stages was monitored from seeds germinated in washed sand. Morphological differences in the seeds/embryos, different strategies in the imbibition process, emergence, and initial seedling growth were observed. The species H. guianensis and H. spruceana showed the greatest differences in size, shape, and color of the seeds/embryos and initial seedling growth. The characteristics of the seed coat patterns, the seedling imbibition, growth, and development processes can serve as morphophysiological markers for genotype identification and selection. This is the first morphophysiological study of seeds and seedlings of wild and cultivated genotypes of species of the genus Hevea. We conclude that there is considerable phenotypic variability among species of the Hevea genus regarding seed and seedling morphophysiology, which can be explored in the rubber tree breeding programs.