This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.

Unclaimed
Patricia Lago
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Honors and Awards

The user has no records in this section


Career Timeline

The user has no records in this section.


Short Biography

The user biography is not available.
Following
Followers
Co Authors
The list of users this user is following is empty.
Following: 0 users

Feed

Conference paper
Published: 26 August 2021 in Spatial Data and Intelligence
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In software engineering, energy awareness refers to the conscious design and development of software that is able to monitor and react to energy state. Energy awareness is the key building block for energy efficiency and for other quality aspects of robotics software, such as mission completion time and safety. However, as of today, there is no guidance for practitioners and researchers on how to architect robotics software with energy awareness in mind. The goal of this paper is to identify architectural tactics for energy-aware robotics software. Specifically, using a dataset of 339493 data points extracted from five complementary data sources (e.g., source code repositories, Stack Overflow), we identified and analyzed 97 data points that considered both energy consumption and architectural concerns. We then synthesized a set of energy-aware architectural tactics via thematic analysis. In this preliminary investigation we focus on two representative architectural tactics.

ACS Style

Katerina Chinnappan; Ivano Malavolta; Grace A. Lewis; Michel Albonico; Patricia Lago. Architectural Tactics for Energy-Aware Robotics Software: A Preliminary Study. Spatial Data and Intelligence 2021, 164 -171.

AMA Style

Katerina Chinnappan, Ivano Malavolta, Grace A. Lewis, Michel Albonico, Patricia Lago. Architectural Tactics for Energy-Aware Robotics Software: A Preliminary Study. Spatial Data and Intelligence. 2021; ():164-171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Katerina Chinnappan; Ivano Malavolta; Grace A. Lewis; Michel Albonico; Patricia Lago. 2021. "Architectural Tactics for Energy-Aware Robotics Software: A Preliminary Study." Spatial Data and Intelligence , no. : 164-171.

Journal article
Published: 03 May 2021 in Journal of Systems and Software
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The Robot Operating System (ROS) is the de-facto standard for robotics software. However, ROS-based systems are getting larger and more complex and could benefit from good software architecture practices. We aim at (i) unveiling the state-of-the-practice in terms of targeted quality attributes and architecture documentation in ROS-based systems, and (ii) providing empirically-grounded guidance to roboticists about how to properly architect ROS-based systems. We designed and conducted an observational study where we (i) built a dataset of 335 GitHub repositories containing real open-source ROS-based systems, and (ii) mined the repositories to extract and synthesize quantitative and qualitative findings about how roboticists are architecting ROS-based systems. First, we extracted an empirically-grounded overview of the state of the practice for architecting and documenting ROS-based systems. Second, we synthesized a catalog of 47 architecting guidelines for ROS-based systems. Third, the extracted guidelines were validated by 119 roboticists working on real-world open-source ROS-based systems. Roboticists can use our architecting guidelines for applying good design principles to develop robots that meet quality requirements, and researchers can use our results as evidence-based indications about how real-world ROS systems are architected today, thus inspiring future research contributions.

ACS Style

Ivano Malavolta; Grace A. Lewis; Bradley Schmerl; Patricia Lago; David Garlan. Mining guidelines for architecting robotics software. Journal of Systems and Software 2021, 178, 110969 .

AMA Style

Ivano Malavolta, Grace A. Lewis, Bradley Schmerl, Patricia Lago, David Garlan. Mining guidelines for architecting robotics software. Journal of Systems and Software. 2021; 178 ():110969.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivano Malavolta; Grace A. Lewis; Bradley Schmerl; Patricia Lago; David Garlan. 2021. "Mining guidelines for architecting robotics software." Journal of Systems and Software 178, no. : 110969.

Chapter
Published: 10 April 2021 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The need for acknowledging and managing sustainability as an essential quality of software systems has been steadily increasing over the past few years, in part as a reaction to the implications of “software eating the world”. Especially the widespread adoption of the Everything as a Service (*aaS) model of delivering software and (virtualized) hardware through cloud computing has put two sustainability dimensions upfront and center. On the one hand, services must be sustainable on a technical level by ensuring continuity of operations for both providers and consumers despite, or even better, while taking into account their evolution. On the other hand, the prosuming of services must also be financially sustainable for the involved stakeholders. In this work, we discuss the need for a software architecting approach that encompasses in a holistic manner the other two dimensions of software sustainability as well, namely the social and environmental aspects of services. We highlight relevant works and identify key challenges still to be addressed in the context of software systems operating across different models for cloud delivery and deployment. We then present our vision for an architecting framework that allows system stakeholders to work in tandem towards improving a set of sustainability indicators specifically tailored for the *aaS model.

ACS Style

Vasilios Andrikopoulos; Patricia Lago. Software Sustainability in the Age of Everything as a Service. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2021, 35 -47.

AMA Style

Vasilios Andrikopoulos, Patricia Lago. Software Sustainability in the Age of Everything as a Service. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2021; ():35-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vasilios Andrikopoulos; Patricia Lago. 2021. "Software Sustainability in the Age of Everything as a Service." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV , no. : 35-47.

Journal article
Published: 27 February 2021 in Journal of Systems and Software
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems is a metaphor used to describe the “big” design decisions (e.g., choices regarding structure, frameworks, technologies, languages, etc.) that, while being suitable or even optimal when made, significantly hinder progress in the future. While other types of debt, such as code-level technical debt, can be readily detected by static analyzers, and often be refactored with minimal or only incremental efforts, architectural debt is hard to be identified, of wide-ranging remediation cost, daunting, and often avoided. In this study, we aim at developing a better understanding of how software development organizations conceptualize architectural debt, and how they deal with it. In order to do so, in this investigation we apply a mixed empirical method, constituted by a grounded theory study followed by focus groups. With the grounded theory method we construct a theory on architectural technical debt by eliciting qualitative data from software architects and senior technical staff from a wide range of heterogeneous software development organizations. We applied the focus group method to evaluate the emerging theory and refine it according to the new data collected. The result of the study, i.e., a theory emerging from the gathered data, constitutes an encompassing conceptual model of architectural technical debt, identifying and relating concepts such as its symptoms, causes, consequences, management strategies, and communication problems. From the conducted focus groups, we assessed that the theory adheres to the four evaluation criteria of classic grounded theory, i.e., the theory fits its underlying data, is able to work, has relevance, and is modifiable as new data appears. By grounding the findings in empirical evidence, the theory provides researchers and practitioners with novel knowledge on the crucial factors of architectural technical debt experienced in industrial contexts.

ACS Style

Roberto Verdecchia; Philippe Kruchten; Patricia Lago; Ivano Malavolta. Building and evaluating a theory of architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems. Journal of Systems and Software 2021, 176, 110925 .

AMA Style

Roberto Verdecchia, Philippe Kruchten, Patricia Lago, Ivano Malavolta. Building and evaluating a theory of architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems. Journal of Systems and Software. 2021; 176 ():110925.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Verdecchia; Philippe Kruchten; Patricia Lago; Ivano Malavolta. 2021. "Building and evaluating a theory of architectural technical debt in software-intensive systems." Journal of Systems and Software 176, no. : 110925.

Conference paper
Published: 17 December 2020 in Progress in IS
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Scientific research addressing the relation between software and sustainability is slowly maturing in two focus areas, related to ‘sustainable software’ and ‘software for sustainability’. The first is better understood and may include research foci like energy efficient software and software maintainability. It most-frequently covers ‘technical’ concerns. The second, ‘software for sustainability’, is much broader in both scope and potential impact, as it entails how software can contribute to sustainability goals in any sector or application domain. Next to the technical concerns, it may also cover economic, social, and environmental sustainability. Differently from researchers, practitioners are often not aware or well-trained in all four types of software sustainability concerns. To address this need, in previous work we have defined the Sustainability-Quality Assessment Framework (SAF) and assessed its viability via the analysis of a series of software projects. Nevertheless, it was never used by practitioners themselves, hence triggering the question: What can we learn from the use of SAF in practice? To answer this question, we report the results of practitioners applying the SAF to four industrial cases. The results show that the SAF helps practitioners in (1) creating a sustainability mindset in their practices, (2) uncovering the relevant sustainability-quality concerns for the software project at hand, and (3) reasoning about the inter-dependencies and trade-offs of such concerns as well as the related short- and long-term implications. Next to improvements for the SAF, the main lesson for us as researchers is the missing explicit link between the SAF and the (technical) architecture design.

ACS Style

Patricia Lago; Roberto Verdecchia; Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Eko Rahmadian; Janina Sturm; Thijmen Van Nijnanten; Rex Bosma; Christophe DeBuysscher; Paulo Ricardo. Designing for Sustainability: Lessons Learned from Four Industrial Projects. Progress in IS 2020, 3 -18.

AMA Style

Patricia Lago, Roberto Verdecchia, Nelly Condori-Fernandez, Eko Rahmadian, Janina Sturm, Thijmen Van Nijnanten, Rex Bosma, Christophe DeBuysscher, Paulo Ricardo. Designing for Sustainability: Lessons Learned from Four Industrial Projects. Progress in IS. 2020; ():3-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patricia Lago; Roberto Verdecchia; Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Eko Rahmadian; Janina Sturm; Thijmen Van Nijnanten; Rex Bosma; Christophe DeBuysscher; Paulo Ricardo. 2020. "Designing for Sustainability: Lessons Learned from Four Industrial Projects." Progress in IS , no. : 3-18.

Conference paper
Published: 07 September 2020 in Communications in Computer and Information Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0

A wealth of e-Health mobile apps are available for many purposes, such as life style improvement, mental coaching, etc. The interventions, prompts, and encouragements of e-Health apps sometimes take context into account (e.g., previous interactions or geographical location of the user), but they still tend to be rigid, e.g., by using fixed rule sets or being not sufficiently tailored towards individuals. Personalization to the different users’ characteristics and run-time adaptation to their changing needs and context provide a great opportunity for getting users continuously engaged and active, eventually leading to better physical and mental conditions. This paper presents a reference architecture for enabling AI-based personalization and self-adaptation of mobile apps for e-Health. The reference architecture makes use of multiple MAPE loops operating at different levels of granularity and for different purposes.

ACS Style

Eoin Martino Grua; Martina De Sanctis; Patricia Lago. A Reference Architecture for Personalized and Self-adaptive e-Health Apps. Communications in Computer and Information Science 2020, 195 -209.

AMA Style

Eoin Martino Grua, Martina De Sanctis, Patricia Lago. A Reference Architecture for Personalized and Self-adaptive e-Health Apps. Communications in Computer and Information Science. 2020; ():195-209.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eoin Martino Grua; Martina De Sanctis; Patricia Lago. 2020. "A Reference Architecture for Personalized and Self-adaptive e-Health Apps." Communications in Computer and Information Science , no. : 195-209.

Journal article
Published: 24 February 2020 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

In the last years, software engineering researchers have defined sustainability as a quality requirement of software, but not enough effort has been devoted to develop new methods/techniques to support the analysis and assessment of software sustainability. In this study, we present the Sustainability Assessment Framework (SAF) that consists of two instruments: the software sustainability–quality model, and the architectural decision map. Then, we use participatory and technical action research in close collaboration with the software industry to validate the SAF regarding its applicability in specific cases. The unit of analysis of our study is a family of software products (Geographic Information System- and Mobile-based Workforce Management Systems) that aim to address sustainability goals (e.g., efficient collection of dead animals to mitigate social and environmental sustainability risks). The results show that the sustainability–quality model integrated with the architectural decision maps can be used to identify sustainability–quality requirements as design concerns because most of its quality attributes (QAs) have been either addressed in the software project or acknowledged as relevant (i.e., creating awareness on the relevance of the multidimensional sustainability nature of certain QAs). Moreover, the action–research method has been helpful to enrich the sustainability–quality model, by identifying missing QAs (e.g., regulation compliance, data privacy). Finally, the architectural decision maps have been found as useful to guide software architects/designers in their decision-making process.

ACS Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Patricia Lago; Miguel R. Luaces; Ángeles S. Places. An Action Research for Improving the Sustainability Assessment Framework Instruments. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1682 .

AMA Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez, Patricia Lago, Miguel R. Luaces, Ángeles S. Places. An Action Research for Improving the Sustainability Assessment Framework Instruments. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (4):1682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Patricia Lago; Miguel R. Luaces; Ángeles S. Places. 2020. "An Action Research for Improving the Sustainability Assessment Framework Instruments." Sustainability 12, no. 4: 1682.

Journal article
Published: 13 December 2019 in Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

The field green ICT focuses on the greening of ICT and using ICT to optimise the energy footprint of the ICT-supported processes. For organisations, applying green ICT in the broadest sense presents them with challenges. In this paper we explore what factors are influencing the adoption of green ICT. We follow three organisations that used a green ICT tool, the SURF Green ICT Maturity Model, to identify such factors. Tools like the maturity model help organisations identify the what and how. We found other factors, such as strategic alignment, culture and leadership, determine the why. As ICT is a general purpose technology, it potentially affects all processes in an organisation. To have a greening impact, the main challenge for green ICT is to take a systemic approach and involve all (relevant) parties. ICT departments often position themselves as support (followers, not leaders); this proves to be a big hurdle in the adoption of green ICT.

ACS Style

Albert Hankel; Gaston Heimeriks; Patricia Lago. Green ICT Adoption Using a Maturity Model. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7163 .

AMA Style

Albert Hankel, Gaston Heimeriks, Patricia Lago. Green ICT Adoption Using a Maturity Model. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albert Hankel; Gaston Heimeriks; Patricia Lago. 2019. "Green ICT Adoption Using a Maturity Model." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7163.

Review
Published: 25 November 2019 in Data Science
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Francesco Osborne; Henry Muccini; Patricia Lago; Enrico Motta. Reducing the effort for systematic reviews in software engineering. Data Science 2019, 2, 311 -340.

AMA Style

Francesco Osborne, Henry Muccini, Patricia Lago, Enrico Motta. Reducing the effort for systematic reviews in software engineering. Data Science. 2019; 2 (1-2):311-340.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Osborne; Henry Muccini; Patricia Lago; Enrico Motta. 2019. "Reducing the effort for systematic reviews in software engineering." Data Science 2, no. 1-2: 311-340.

Preprint
Published: 19 August 2019
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Context. Systematic Reviews (SRs) are means for collecting and synthesizing evidence from the identification and analysis of relevant studies from multiple sources. To this aim, they use a well-defined methodology meant to mitigate the risks of biases and ensure repeatability for later updates. SRs, however, involve significant effort. Goal. The goal of this paper is to introduce a novel methodology that reduces the amount of manual tedious tasks involved in SRs while taking advantage of the value provided by human expertise. Method. Starting from current methodologies for SRs, we replaced the steps of keywording and data extraction with an automatic methodology for generating a domain ontology and classifying the primary studies. This methodology has been applied in the Software Engineering sub-area of Software Architecture and evaluated by human annotators. Results. The result is a novel Expert-Driven Automatic Methodology, EDAM, for assisting researchers in performing SRs. EDAM combines ontology-learning techniques and semantic technologies with the human-in-the-loop. The first (thanks to automation) fosters scalability, objectivity, reproducibility and granularity of the studies; the second allows tailoring to the specific focus of the study at hand and knowledge reuse from domain experts. We evaluated EDAM on the field of Software Architecture against six senior researchers. As a result, we found that the performance of the senior researchers in classifying papers was not statistically significantly different from EDAM. Conclusions. Thanks to automation of the less-creative steps in SRs, our methodology allows researchers to skip the tedious tasks of keywording and manually classifying primary studies, thus freeing effort for the analysis and the discussion.

ACS Style

Francesco Osborne; Henry Muccini; Patricia Lago; Enrico Motta. Reducing the Effort for Systematic Reviews in Software Engineering. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Francesco Osborne, Henry Muccini, Patricia Lago, Enrico Motta. Reducing the Effort for Systematic Reviews in Software Engineering. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesco Osborne; Henry Muccini; Patricia Lago; Enrico Motta. 2019. "Reducing the Effort for Systematic Reviews in Software Engineering." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2019 in Future Generation Computer Systems
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Cyber-foraging is a technique to enable mobile devices to extend their computing power and storage by offloading computation or data to more powerful servers located in the cloud or in single-hop proximity. In previous work, we developed a set of reusable architectural tactics for cyber-foraging systems. We define architectural tactics as design decisions that influence the achievement of a system quality. In this article we present the results of three case studies to validate the application of the tactics to promote their intended functional and non-functional requirements. The first two case studies focus on the identification of architectural tactics in existing cyber-foraging systems. The third case study focuses on the development of a new cyber-foraging system using the architectural tactics. The results of the case studies are an initial demonstration of the validity of the tactics, and the potential for taking a tactics-driven approach to fulfill functional and non-functional requirements for cyber-foraging systems.

ACS Style

Grace Lewis; Patricia Lago; Sebastián Echeverría; Pieter Simoens. A tale of three systems: Case studies on the application of architectural tactics for cyber-foraging. Future Generation Computer Systems 2019, 96, 119 -147.

AMA Style

Grace Lewis, Patricia Lago, Sebastián Echeverría, Pieter Simoens. A tale of three systems: Case studies on the application of architectural tactics for cyber-foraging. Future Generation Computer Systems. 2019; 96 ():119-147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grace Lewis; Patricia Lago; Sebastián Echeverría; Pieter Simoens. 2019. "A tale of three systems: Case studies on the application of architectural tactics for cyber-foraging." Future Generation Computer Systems 96, no. : 119-147.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2019 in Journal of Systems and Software
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Context:A microservice architecture is composed of a set of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms. Many aspects on architecting with microservices are still unexplored and existing research is still far from being crispy clear. Objective:We aim at identifying, classifying, and evaluating the state of the art on architecting with microservices from the following perspectives: publication trends, focus of research, and potential for industrial adoption. Method:We apply the systematic mapping methodology. We rigorously selected 103 primary studies and we defined and applied a classification framework to them for extracting key information for subsequent analysis. We synthesized the obtained data and produced a clear overview of the state of the art. Results:This work contributes with (i) a classification framework for research studies on architecting with microservices, (ii) a systematic map of current research of the field, (iii) an evaluation of the potential for industrial adoption of research results, and (iv) a discussion of emerging findings and implications for future research. Conclusion:This study provides a solid, rigorous, and replicable picture of the state of the art on architecting with microservices. Its results can benefit both researchers and practitioners of the field.

ACS Style

Paolo Di Francesco; Patricia Lago; Ivano Malavolta. Architecting with microservices: A systematic mapping study. Journal of Systems and Software 2019, 150, 77 -97.

AMA Style

Paolo Di Francesco, Patricia Lago, Ivano Malavolta. Architecting with microservices: A systematic mapping study. Journal of Systems and Software. 2019; 150 ():77-97.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolo Di Francesco; Patricia Lago; Ivano Malavolta. 2019. "Architecting with microservices: A systematic mapping study." Journal of Systems and Software 150, no. : 77-97.

Conference paper
Published: 01 January 2019 in Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Patricia Lago; Jia F. Cai; Remco C. De Boer; Philippe Kruchten; Roberto Verdecchia. DecidArch: Playing Cards as Software Architects. Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Patricia Lago, Jia F. Cai, Remco C. De Boer, Philippe Kruchten, Roberto Verdecchia. DecidArch: Playing Cards as Software Architects. Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patricia Lago; Jia F. Cai; Remco C. De Boer; Philippe Kruchten; Roberto Verdecchia. 2019. "DecidArch: Playing Cards as Software Architects." Proceedings of the 52nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences , no. : 1.

Review
Published: 07 September 2018 in Technologies
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Context: Many publications have described, measured, tracked or assessed Information and Communication Technology (ICT) activities that impact the environment. A complete conceptual view of the environmental impact of ICT can be described in three orders of effect: Direct, indirect and systemic. Objective: The goal of this study is to find out how the existing literature contributes towards our understanding of the environmental impact of ICT. We approach this question by identifying factors that can be of influence on the environmental impact and map these factors onto a conceptual framework of Green ICT. Method: We used a systematic literature review to collect factors of influence regarding the environmental impact of ICT. Results: From the data we collected and the analyses made, we created a taxonomy, and report on the frequencies of the factors of influence in the primary studies as well as gaps and additions compared to the conceptual framework. We found five main classes of influence that can form a continuous cycle, but noted that the research field is strongly focused on the direct impact of ICT. Conclusion: Our study contributes towards a better understanding of the environmental impact of ICT by framing factors of influence in a conceptual framework. The taxonomy we create and the analysis of the studies could be helpful in defining a research agenda, to further enable the full potential of Green ICT. In addition, the taxonomy can be used as a starting point for a practical tool, for organizations that wish to apply Green ICT to its full extent.

ACS Style

Albert Hankel; Gaston Heimeriks; Patricia Lago. A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors of Influence on the Environmental Impact of ICT. Technologies 2018, 6, 85 .

AMA Style

Albert Hankel, Gaston Heimeriks, Patricia Lago. A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors of Influence on the Environmental Impact of ICT. Technologies. 2018; 6 (3):85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Albert Hankel; Gaston Heimeriks; Patricia Lago. 2018. "A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors of Influence on the Environmental Impact of ICT." Technologies 6, no. 3: 85.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2018 in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Context. Android is the largest mobile platform today, with thousands of apps published and updated in the Google Play store everyday. Maintenance is an important factor in Android apps lifecycle, as it allows developers to constantly improve their apps and better tailor them to their user base. Goal. In this paper we investigate the evolution of various maintainability issues along the lifetime of Android apps. Method. We designed and conducted an empirical study on 434 GitHub repositories containing open, real (i.e., published in the Google Play store), and actively maintained Android apps. We statically analyzed 9,945 weekly snapshots of all apps for identifying their maintainability issues over time. We also identified maintainability hotspots along the lifetime of Android apps according to how their density of maintainability issues evolves over time. More than 2,000 GitHub commits belonging to identified hotspots have been manually categorized to understand the context in which maintainability hotspots occur. Results. Our results shed light on (i) how often various types of maintainability issues occur over the lifetime of Android apps, (ii) the evolution trends of the density of maintainability issues in Android apps, and (iii) an in-depth characterization of development activities related to maintainability hotspots. Together, these results can help Android developers in (i) better planning code refactoring sessions, (ii) better planning their code review sessions (e.g., steering the assignment of code reviews), and (iii) taking special care of their code quality when performing tasks belonging to activities highly correlated with maintainability issues. We also support researchers by objectively characterizing the state of the practice about maintainability of Android apps. Conclusions. Independently from the type of development activity, maintainability issues grow until they stabilize, but are never fully resolved.

ACS Style

Ivano Malavolta; Roberto Verdecchia; Bojan Filipovic; Magiel Bruntink; Patricia Lago. How Maintainability Issues of Android Apps Evolve. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME) 2018, 334 -344.

AMA Style

Ivano Malavolta, Roberto Verdecchia, Bojan Filipovic, Magiel Bruntink, Patricia Lago. How Maintainability Issues of Android Apps Evolve. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME). 2018; ():334-344.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivano Malavolta; Roberto Verdecchia; Bojan Filipovic; Magiel Bruntink; Patricia Lago. 2018. "How Maintainability Issues of Android Apps Evolve." 2018 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME) , no. : 334-344.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2018 in Information and Software Technology
Reads 0
Downloads 0

When playing a co-operative game, being aware of your collaborators (where they are playing, what they are doing, the abilities they have, etc.) is essential for achieving the game's goals. This led to the definition of Gamespace Awareness in order to guide in the identification of the awareness needs in the form of a compilation of the awareness elements that a co-operative game should feature. Gamespace Awareness does not establish how much awareness information players must be provided with. This constitutes the main motivation for this work: to assess the impact of different levels of Gamespace Awareness elements on a co-operative game. A multiplayer action game was developed that supports three different awareness configurations, each one featuring different awareness levels (high, medium and low). The impact of these awareness levels was measured as regards game score, time, players’ happiness while playing, enjoyment and perceived usefulness. Several techniques such as subjective surveys and facial expression analysis were used to measure these factors. The analysis of the results shows that the higher the awareness, the better the game score. However, the highest level of player happiness was not achieved with the most awareness-enabled configuration; we found that the players’ enjoyment depends not only on their awareness level but also on their expertise level. Finally, the awareness elements related to the present and the future were the most useful, as could be expected in a multiplayer action game. The results showed that the medium level awareness obtained the best results. We therefore concluded that a certain level of awareness is necessary, but that excessive awareness could negatively affect the game experience.

ACS Style

Miguel A. Teruel; Nelly Condori-Fernández; Elena Navarro; Pascual González; Patricia Lago. Assessing the impact of the awareness level on a co-operative game. Information and Software Technology 2018, 98, 89 -116.

AMA Style

Miguel A. Teruel, Nelly Condori-Fernández, Elena Navarro, Pascual González, Patricia Lago. Assessing the impact of the awareness level on a co-operative game. Information and Software Technology. 2018; 98 ():89-116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel A. Teruel; Nelly Condori-Fernández; Elena Navarro; Pascual González; Patricia Lago. 2018. "Assessing the impact of the awareness level on a co-operative game." Information and Software Technology 98, no. : 89-116.

Conference paper
Published: 27 May 2018 in Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Alejandro Catalá Bolós; Patrícia Lago. Discovering requirements of behaviour change software systems from negative user experience. Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice 2018, 222 -223.

AMA Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez, Alejandro Catalá Bolós, Patrícia Lago. Discovering requirements of behaviour change software systems from negative user experience. Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice. 2018; ():222-223.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nelly Condori-Fernandez; Alejandro Catalá Bolós; Patrícia Lago. 2018. "Discovering requirements of behaviour change software systems from negative user experience." Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice , no. : 222-223.

Conference paper
Published: 27 May 2018 in Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Technical Debt
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Roberto Verdecchia; Ivano Malavolta; Patricia Lago. Architectural technical debt identification. Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Technical Debt 2018, 11 -20.

AMA Style

Roberto Verdecchia, Ivano Malavolta, Patricia Lago. Architectural technical debt identification. Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Technical Debt. 2018; ():11-20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Roberto Verdecchia; Ivano Malavolta; Patricia Lago. 2018. "Architectural technical debt identification." Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Technical Debt , no. : 11-20.

Conference paper
Published: 27 May 2018 in Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice
Reads 0
Downloads 0
ACS Style

Rob van der Valk; Patrizio Pelliccione; Patricia Lago; Rogardt Heldal; Eric Knauss; Jacob Juul. Transparency and contracts. Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice 2018, 23 -32.

AMA Style

Rob van der Valk, Patrizio Pelliccione, Patricia Lago, Rogardt Heldal, Eric Knauss, Jacob Juul. Transparency and contracts. Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice. 2018; ():23-32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rob van der Valk; Patrizio Pelliccione; Patricia Lago; Rogardt Heldal; Eric Knauss; Jacob Juul. 2018. "Transparency and contracts." Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice , no. : 23-32.

Conference paper
Published: 11 May 2018 in ICT4S2018. 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainability
Reads 0
Downloads 0

Maturity models have become a common tool for organisations to assess their capabilities in a variety of domains. However, for fields that have not yet been researched thoroughly, it can be difficult to create and evolve a maturity model that features all the important aspects in that field. It takes time and many iterative improvements for a maturity model to come of age. This is the case for Green ICT maturity models, whose aim is typically to either provide insight on the important aspects an organisation or a researcher should take into account when trying to improve the social or environmental impact of ICT, or to assist in the auditing of such aspects. In fact, when we were commissioned a comprehensive ICT-sustainability auditing for Utrecht University, we not only faced the need of selecting a Green ICT maturity model, but also to ensure that it covered as many organisational aspects as possible, extending the model if needed. This paper reports on the comparison we carried out of several Green ICT maturity models, how we extended our preferred model with needed constructs, and how we applied the resulting model during the ICT-sustainability auditing.

ACS Style

David Lautenschutz; Sergio España; Albert Hankel; Sietse Overbeek; Patricia Lago. A Comparative Analysis of Green ICT Maturity Models. ICT4S2018. 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainability 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

David Lautenschutz, Sergio España, Albert Hankel, Sietse Overbeek, Patricia Lago. A Comparative Analysis of Green ICT Maturity Models. ICT4S2018. 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainability. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Lautenschutz; Sergio España; Albert Hankel; Sietse Overbeek; Patricia Lago. 2018. "A Comparative Analysis of Green ICT Maturity Models." ICT4S2018. 5th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Sustainability , no. : 1.