Ophthalmologic emergencies account for approximately 1.3 million emergency department (ED) visits in the United States annually.
1 Many such cases are secondary to trauma, and more than 40% of ED ocular conditions are emergent.
2,3 Diagnoses involving the external eye and anterior chamber can typically be made on the basis of history and physical examination alone. However, visualizing and diagnosing posterior chamber abnormalities can be more challenging for nonspecialists because of inexperience, limitations of available equipment, and less-than-ideal examination conditions. Most physicians agree that fundoscopy is an important physical examination skill; however, many do not perform the examination when indicated or lack confidence in their ability to perform it effectively.
4,5