Methyl-modified, cobalt-doped silica (Co/MSiO₂) materials were synthesized by sol-gel technique calcined in N₂ atmospheres, and membranes were made thereof by coating method. The effects of Co/Si molar ratio (n_Co) on the physical-chemical constructions of Co/MSiO₂ materials and microstructures of Co/MSiO₂ membranes were systematically investigated. The gas permeance performance and hydrothermal stability of Co/MSiO₂ membranes were also tested. The results show that the cobalt element in Co/MSiO₂ material calcined at 400 °C exists not only as Si–O–Co bond but also as Co₃O₄ and CoO crystals. The introduction of metallic cobalt and methyl can enlarge the total pore volume and average pore size of the SiO₂ membrane. The activation energy (E_a) values of H₂, CO₂, and N₂ for Co/MSiO₂ membranes are less than those for MSiO₂ membranes. When operating at a pressure difference of 0.2 MPa and 200 °C compared with MSiO₂ membrane, the permeances of H₂, CO₂, and N₂ for Co/MSiO₂ membrane with n_Co = 0.08 increased by 1.17, 0.70, and 0.83 times, respectively, and the perm-selectivities of H₂/CO₂ and H₂/N₂ increased by 27.66% and 18.53%, respectively. After being steamed and thermally regenerated, the change of H₂ permeance and H₂ perm-selectivities for Co/MSiO₂ membrane is much smaller than those for MSiO₂ membrane.

Tobacco is an important economic crop with high economic value. At present, China’s tobacco planting area and total output ranks first in the world, and the tobacco industry plays an important role in China’s economic development. Based on the above background, the purpose of this study was to study the effects of cake fertilizer and humic acid on soil nutrients and growth of Flue-cured Tobacco under VR vision. The effects of humic acid fertilizer and cake fertilizer on the growth, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content, nicotine content and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco were studied by using randomized block test method with no fertilization as blank control. The causes of improving yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were discussed, The results showed that humic acid and cake fertilizer improved the dry matter quality of root, stem, lower leaves and middle leaves of flue-cured tobacco, which were 22.69%, 16.52%, 27.25%, 15.44% and 41.50% higher than those of conventional fertilization, respectively. It showed that humic acid fertilizer increased the biomass of Flue-cured tobacco, provided material basis for the improvement of yield and quality, and promoted dry matter accumulation of various organs.

Mechanical energy, a ubiquitous renewable resource, can be effectively harnessed via piezocatalysis to convert physical stimuli into chemical energy for sterilization. As a promising green technology, piezocatalysis employs external mechanical force to physically disrupt bacterial membranes while simultaneously triggering redox reactions to generate bactericidal reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent advances highlight the superior performance and broad applicability of this technology in the antibacterial domain. This review systematically elucidates the antibacterial mechanisms of piezocatalysis, followed by a comprehensive survey of prevalent piezoelectric biomaterials (e.g., amino acids, cellulose, proteins) and their synthesis strategies. Furthermore, specific applications of these bio-piezoelectric composites in sterilization are consolidated. Finally, we critically assess the primary challenges and outline future developmental trajectories, offering a prospective pathway for next-generation eco-friendly disinfection strategies.

With the popularization of the Internet, the related information technology is developing faster and faster, and the scale and complexity of the network are also increasing. Wireless networks cover all aspects of life, along with it, network security issues have gradually emerged. In recent years, network security vulnerabilities have been exposed continuously, from WiFi to Bluetooth, people gradually realize the security of wireless networks. The purpose of this article is to solve the existing security problems and study the operation process of RC4 and Advanced Encryption Standard algorithms, and the improvement scheme is put forward. This article is based on the inherent media access control address filtering technology of wireless network card; a dynamic security model for wireless networks is proposed and constructed. Devices accessing the network use 802.1x authentication method and distribute and set security status values for each device, the authentication server uses Remote Authentication Dial in User Service. This article uses the method of virtual private network encryption network to provide an encryption layer for communication between devices and wireless networks, thus, the data in network transmission can be encrypted and protected. In this article, the structure and strategy of Remote Authentication Dial in User Service are changed, in order to ensure the high security of wireless network equipment in the connection process. In the testing phase of this article, we have tested the model in detail several times. Tests are divided into middleman and session interception tests. A large number of test results show that this model can improve the security of wireless network and has good performance.