The present study aimed to investigate risk factors for expulsion in immediate postplacental IUD insertion. We specifically sought to determine whether cesarean delivery before or during labor have an impact on IUD expulsion. The study included 160 pregnant women for immediate IUD insertion following vaginal or cesarean delivery. Three groups of patients were recruited: Patients who underwent pre-planned cesarean delivery (group 1, n: 51), patients who underwent cesarean delivery during active labor (group 2, n: 47), patients who delivered vaginally (group 3, n: 62). The cumulative expulsion rates were similar with a frequency of 8.7, 8.9 and 11.3 % respectively in groups 1 to 3 (p > 0.05 in all pairwise comparisons). The rate of patients who had the IUD removed at 12th month was 4,3, 6.7 and 11.3 % for groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively (p > 0.05 in all pairwise comparisons). Multiparity increased the risk of cumulative expulsion within 12 months by 2.1 fold (95 % 1,03–4,37) in the logistic regression model. Previous vaginal deliveries or IUD use did not have an impact on the expulsion of the IUD. The risk of spontaneous expulsion was similar in patients whose IUD was placed after cesarean in the active and latent phase or after spontaneous vaginal delivery. The rates of IUD expulsion are similar in patients who underwent cesarean section before and during labor and who delivered vaginally. Parity was the only factor independently associated with IUD expulsion.

To evaluate the obstetric outcomes of fetuses with cystic hygroma other than karyotype abnormalities and structural malformations. We conducted a retrospective study based on the review of medical records of pregnant women in whom ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal cystic hygroma was established in the first trimester from January 2014 to October 2018. All patients were offered genetic counselling and prenatal invasive diagnostic procedures to obtain fetal karyotype. For ongoing pregnancies fetal echocardiography and detailed second trimester sonographic anomaly screening was performed by a perinatologist/pediatric cardiologist. Demographic characteristics of the women and results of the karyotype analysis were obtained from the database of our hospital and correlated with the obstetric outcome. Within five-year period, there were 106 cases of fetal cystic hygroma. Of those, fetal cardiac malformations were detected in 4 and migrognathia in one. 85 women underwent fetal invasive procedures and in 52 of the cases, karyotype abnormalities were detected. Fetal outcomes of 33 cases with normal karyotype and 21 cases in whom karyotyping analysis were not performed due to patient refusal were enrolled into the study. Obstetric outcomes of 21 women who refused karyotyping consisted of 13 livebirths, 7 missed abortions and one fetal death, whereas those of 33 women with normal karyotype were; 12 livebirths, 12 missed abortions, 2 hydrops fetalis and 5 fetal deaths. 19 of 33 fetuses with normal karyotype and 8 of 21 fetuses in whom karyotyping were not performed were terminated. The presence of cystic hygroma carries a high risk for fetal karyotype abnormalities and cardiac malformations. Postnatal outcomes of the fetuses with cystic hygroma appeared to be correlated with the absence of structural malformations and karyotype abnormalities.

Background: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication known to be related to the pathophysiology of platelet dysfunction and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of platelet indices and inflammatory markers in preeclampsia and their importance in predicting adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods: A total of 118 preeclampsia cases (84 with mild preeclampsia and 34 with severe preeclampsia) and 118 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Blood samples obtained at the time of preeclampsia diagnosis were analyzed for platelet indices (platelet count (PC), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet/large cell ratio (P-LCR)) and inflammation indices (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR)). Results: The PC and PLR were lower in the severe preeclampsia group compared to the other groups. The PDW was higher in both mild and severe preeclampsia groups compared to the control group. A PDW value above 13.15 was identified as a significant predictor of composite adverse neonatal outcomes (area under the curve (AUC): 0.633; sensitivity: 60.9%; specificity: 58%). Conclusions: PC and PLR decrease in severe preeclampsia. This study highlights the potential of PDW as a marker for predicting adverse neonatal outcomes in preeclampsia.

Confirmation of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis with sonographic measurement of the median nerve cross sectional area (MN-CSA) is increasing in popularity. We aimed to analyse the ultrasonography (USG) values of MN-CSA in pregnant women with and without CTS symptoms. MN-CSAs of third trimester pregnant women were measured with USG and they were asked about the presence of CTS symptoms. Symptomatic participants were assigned to the CTS group and remaining participants were assigned to the Control group. The groups were compared according to MN-CSA. Twenty-five participants were grouped in CTS group and the remaining 64 participants were grouped in Control group. The MN-CSA was higher in the CTS group (9.44 ± 2.68) than in the Control group (7.20 ± 1.99), p = .00004. Obstetricians can use USG measurement of MN-CSA to confirm CTS diagnosis and consequently can offer conservative management, which is the widely accepted treatment modality in this cohort.