Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the 6-minute pegboard ring test (6PBRT) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: This study included 31 patients with PH. The upper extremity function was measured with the 6PBRT. Muscle strength was measured for shoulder flexor, shoulder abductor, elbow extensor, and elbow flexors muscles using with a digital dynamometer, and handgrip strength with the hand dynamometer. Limitation of the activities of daily living was evaluated with the Milliken Activities of Daily Living Scale. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine test-retest reliability. Results: The 6PBRT showed excellent test-retest reliability with the ICC=0.98 (95% CI: 0.82–0.99). The SEM and MDC were calculated as 5.9 and 16.4, respectively. The patients with NYHA Class III had significantly lower scores in the 6PBRT compared to the patients with Class II (p=0.005) showing the known-groups validity of the 6PBRT. The 6PBRT was significantly and strongly correlated with age (r=-0.628, p<0.001), functional class (r=-0.502, p=0.004), activities of daily living (r=0.522, p=0.003), moderately correlated with shoulder flexor (r=0.360, p=0.047), shoulder abductor (r=0.388, p=0.031), elbow flexor (r=0.406, p=0.036) and handgrip muscles strength (r=0.375, p=0.041). Conclusion: This study showed that the 6PBRT has excellent test-retest reliability and good validity, including known-groups and convergent in PH. The higher 6PBRT scores were significantly correlated with younger age, better functional class and performance in activities of daily living, and greater upper extremity muscle strength.

Background/aim: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is the most commonly used and well-established test to measure functional exercise capacity in research and clinical settings. Country-specific reference values are important to interpret the results of 6MWT. However, no reference values have been reported for healthy Turkish children aged between 6 and 12 years old. The aim of this study was to determine normal reference values for the 6MWT test of healthy Turkish children aged between 6 and 12 years old. Materials and methods: Two hundred and sixty-two healthy children aged between 6 and 12 years old were included in this cross-sectional study. Measures included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), leg length, and 6MWT distance (6MWD). Results: The mean 6MWD was 572.58 (SD = 117.72) m. There were significant correlations between 6MWD and age (r = 0.764, P < 0.001), height (r = 0.742, P < 0.001), weight (r = 0.605, P < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.234, P < 0.001), and lower extremity length (r = 0.708, P < 0.001). In the stepwise multiple linear regression model, age and height explained about 60% of the variability of the 6MWT distance for the total sample. Conclusion: Reference values and prediction equation for the 6MWT in healthy Turkish children aged 6-12 years old have been reported for the first time in this study. Researchers and clinicians can use them to interpret the effectiveness of a treatment and/or to compare the results of disabled children with healthy ones.

Background and Purpose: This study aimed to compare the health literacy, e-health literacy, digital health, and physical activity levels of undergraduate students in different departments. Methods: Undergraduate students 307 of whom were studying in the Physiotherapy department (PT), and 228 in the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences (FEAS) participated in the study. Health literacy (HL) (European Health Literacy Scale), e-health literacy (E-Health Literacy Scale), digital literacy (Digital Literacy Scale), and physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)) were assessed. Scales were applied to the participants electronically via Google Forms. Results: There was no difference between the e-HL, digital, and health literacy levels of both department students(p>0.05). 70.1% of all students did not have enough HL. PT department students' IPAQ-SF total score, severe physical activity, and walking activities were lower than FEAS students(p0.05). 79.6% of all students did not have sufficient physical activity levels (PALs). Conclusions: This study showed that HL and PALs were low in the majority of university students. HL education programs for university students before graduation and awareness studies to develop healthy behavior habits should be included in undergraduate education programs.