To enhance the operational damage resistance of hydraulic machinery, this study employed laser cladding technology to fabricate a Co_37.4Cr₃₀Ni₂₀Al₅Ti₅Nb_2.6 high-entropy alloy coating on 04Cr13Ni5Mo substrate. The influence of laser power on the microstructure and properties of the coating was systematically investigated. Based on preliminary research, the friction-wear performance and cavitation erosion behavior of the coatings prepared at 3000 W, 3200 W, and 3400 W were specifically examined. Results indicate that as the laser power increased from 3000 W to 3400 W, the microhardness of the coating gradually decreased from 345.3 HV_0.2. At 3000 W, the precipitation of trace strengthening phases significantly enhanced the mechanical properties. In wear tests under a 20 N load for 30 min, the wear rate of the coating prepared at 3000 W was 1.41 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N·m), which is 13.5% lower than that of the 3200 W coating (1.63 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/(N·m)) and 16.07% higher in wear resistance compared to the substrate. Cavitation erosion tests revealed that after 20 h of ultrasonic vibration, the mass loss of the 3000 W coating was only 2.35 mg, representing an 88.89% reduction compared to the substrate (21.15 mg), and significantly lower than that of the 3200 W (4.57 mg) and 3400 W (3.85 mg) coatings. This study demonstrates that precise control of laser power can effectively optimize the cavitation erosion resistance of high-entropy alloy coatings, providing technical support for their application in harsh environments.

The inherent brittleness and limited toughness of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) remain critical challenges for their application as structural engineering materials. In this study, ultrasonic excitation was applied to Zr_58.75Cu_21.15Fe_4.7Al_9.4Nb₆ BMG with the aim of enhancing its mechanical performance. The results reveal that ultrasonic treatment significantly increases the fracture toughness by approximately 28% and induces a pronounced plastic deformation plateau following yielding. This improvement in both strength and ductility is attributed to the formation of nanoscale crystalline phases and ultrasound-induced phase separation within the amorphous matrix, which collectively promote shear band multiplication and inhibit crack propagation.

Using fluxing technology, molten Fe₈₀P₁₄B₆ alloy achieved significant undercooling (ΔT). Experimental results demonstrate that the solidified morphologies of the Fe₈₀P₁₄B₆ alloy vary considerably with ΔT. At ΔT = 100 K, the microstructure is dendritic. At ΔT = 250 K, a variety of eutectic morphologies are observed, including a network-like structure near the solidification center, attributed to liquid spinodal decomposition. At ΔT = 350 K, the microstructure exhibits a uniform, random network-like morphology with approximately 50 nm. The mechanical property of the specimens solidified at different ΔT was checked by microhardness test, indicating that the hardness of the specimens increases with the increase in ΔT, reaching a maximum value of 1151 HV_0.2.