As energy equipment advances towards higher speeds and greater capacities, the issue of instability in tilting pad bearings has correspondingly grown more pronounced. The method of eight-coefficients dynamic characteristics of the tilting pad bearing expose many shortcomings. This paper introduces the geometric interplay between the tilting pad bearing and journal movement, advancing a novel method for calculating the comprehensive characteristic coefficients of the bearing, grounded in the concept of tile motion equivalence. According to the geometric relationship between tilting pad bearing and journal movement, the coordinate system of the tilting pad bearing pad performance is established. The motion of the pad is equivalent to the movement of the journal to solve the complete characteristic coefficient, and the relationship between the complete kinetic coefficients is deduced. In contrast to the tile perturbation approach, our method alleviates the complexities associated with determining the complete characteristic coefficients, streamlines the computational workflow, boasts high efficiency and reliability, and is more readily embraced and comprehended by engineering professionals. It provides the support for the calculation of the tilting pad bearing-rotor system stability.