Imidazole is, from a structural point of view, a heterocycle consisting of three C atoms and two N atoms, belonging to the class of diazoles, having two N atoms at the first and third positions in the aromatic ring. Being a polar and ionizable aromatic compound, it has the role of improving the pharmacological properties of lead molecules, thus being used to optimize their solubility and bioavailability. Imidazole is a constituent of many important biological compounds, like histidine, histamine, and purine compounds, the most widespread heterocyclic compound in nature. In current practice, substituted imidazole derivatives play a major role in antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, CNS active compounds, antiprotozoal, as well as anticancer therapy. Thus, imidazole derivatives have demonstrated significant anticancer activities by inhibiting the key metabolic pathways essential for tumor cell growth and survival. Nitroimidazoles, for instance, have been employed as hypoxia-directed therapeutic agents, targeting oxygen-deprived tumor tissues, while mercaptopurine derivatives are well-established in oncological treatments. Structural modifications of the imidazole nucleus have led to the novel compounds exhibiting increased selective cytotoxicity against cancer cells, while sparing normal healthy cells. In accordance with what has been stated, this review highlights recent research on the medicinal and pharmaceutical interest of novel imidazole derivatives, emphasizing their potential in the development of new drugs.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has increasingly contributed to advancements in pharmaceutical practice, particularly by enhancing the pharmacist–patient relationship and improving medication adherence. This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study investigated Eastern Romanian pharmacists’ perception of AI-based applications as effective optimization tools, correlating it with disruptive communication factors. An anonymous and online questionnaire was distributed to community pharmacists, examining sociodemographic characteristics, awareness of disruptive factors, and the perceived usefulness of AI. The sample included 437 respondents: pharmacists (55.6%), mostly female (83.8%), and aged between 25 and 44 (52.6%). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and independent t-tests. The statistical analysis revealed a significantly positive perception (p < 0.001) of AI on pharmacist–patient communication. Respondents viewed AI as a valuable tool for reducing medication errors and optimizing counseling time, though they maintain a strong emphasis on genuine human interaction. Significant correlations were found between disruptive factors—such as noise and high patient volume—and the quality of communication. Participants also expressed an increased interest in applications like automatic prescription scheduling and the use of chatbots. The study concludes that a balanced implementation of AI technologies is necessary, one that runs parallel with the continuous development of pharmacists’ communication skills. Future research should focus on validating AI’s impact on clinical outcomes and establishing clear ethical guidelines regarding the use of patient data.

Background/Objectives: Worldwide, diabetes is a 21st century disease with continuously increasing prevalence. Current medications often have long-term adverse effects, which is why new substances are needed to help combat these disadvantages. Methods: In this respect, the present study develops a series of compounds with potential antidiabetic activity, including synthesis, physicochemical–spectral characterization and in vitro–in silico evaluation. Results: The sulfonamide derivatives were obtained by condensation reactions of para-toluenesulfonamide (p-TSA) with two different isocyanates, directly or after the condensation reaction with urea. The spectroscopic methods, IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, were used for the structural elucidation of the compounds to confirm the presence of the functional groups responsible for the antihyperglycemic action, namely amide, azomethine and sulfonyl groups. Cytotoxicity screening on NCTC fibroblasts confirmed the excellent safety profile of the most synthesized derivatives across the tested range (100–1500 μg/mL). In contrast, the p-TSA-c-d derivative showed a clear transition from a biocompatible profile at 100 μg/mL to a more cytotoxic phenotype at concentrations exceeding 750–1500 μg/mL. The synthesized derivatives, particularly p-TSA-c-d, exhibited remarkable antidiabetic potential by effectively inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC₅₀ values as low as 46.54 μM, outperforming the standard reference acarbose. The molecular docking tests revealed different mechanisms for the inhibitory activity exerted by the p-TSA derivatives on the two targeted enzymes. Conclusions: Although these developed compounds can be considered promising antidiabetic agents, studies can be further deepened in the future by performing in vivo tests.

Scopul acestui studiu a fost de a explora utilizarea jocurilor de afaceri într-un curriculum inovator pentru a dezvolta abilități de comunicare și competențe în domeniul turismului. Cercetarea a implicat elevi dintr-o instituție de învățământ de profil, care au fost înscriși la specializarea Tehnician în turism. Studiul a utilizat o abordare mixtă, care implică atât metode calitative, cât și cantitative de colectare a datelor. Rezultatele au arătat că utilizarea jocurilor de afaceri în curriculumul inovator a avut un impact pozitiv asupra dezvoltării abilităților de comunicare și a competențelor actorilor vizați din învățământul turistic. Prin intermediul jocurilor de afaceri, participanții au putut dezvolta abilități de negociere, prezentare și argumentare, care sunt valoroase pentru cariera lor profesională viitoare. în plus, aceștia au reușit să înțeleagă mai bine aspectele teoretice ale turismului și să aplice aceste cunoștințe într-un context practic. Curriculumul inovator a fost conceput pentru a le permite participanților să se angajeze activ în procesul de învățare, prin jocuri de afaceri și activități practice. Elevii au arătat niveluri ridicate de motivație și implicare în învățare prin jocuri de afaceri, rezultatele sugerând că utilizarea jocurilor de afaceri într-un curriculum inovator poate fi o metodă eficientă de dezvoltare a abilităților de comunicare și de obținere a cunoștințelor practice în turism. Curriculumul inovator ar putea fi implementat în instituțiile de învățământ specializat pentru a pregăti elevii pentru carierele lor viitoare într-un mod inovator și interactiv