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A majority of agricultural activities are conducted under fragile lands or set-up. The growth and development of crops are negatively affected due to several biotic and abiotic stresses. In the current situation, research efforts have been diverted toward the short-term approaches that can improve crop performance under changing environments. Seed treatment or priming technology is in a transition phase of its popularity among resource-poor farmers. Suitable policy intervention can boost low-cost techniques to implement them on a larger scale in developing countries and to harness the maximum benefits of sustainable food production systems. Primed seeds have high vigor and germination rate that help in seedling growth and successful crop stand establishment under stress conditions. This review is attempted to assess different seed priming techniques in terms of resource use efficiency, crop productivity, cost–benefit balance, and environmental impacts. Moreover, a comprehensive study of the mechanisms (physiological and biochemical) of seed priming is also elaborated. A detailed examination of the applications of priming technology under diverse agroecosystems can improve our understanding of the adaptive management of natural resources.
O. Siva Devika; Sonam Singh; Deepranjan Sarkar; Prabhakar Barnwal; Jarupula Suman; Amitava Rakshit. Seed Priming: A Potential Supplement in Integrated Resource Management Under Fragile Intensive Ecosystems. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2021, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleO. Siva Devika, Sonam Singh, Deepranjan Sarkar, Prabhakar Barnwal, Jarupula Suman, Amitava Rakshit. Seed Priming: A Potential Supplement in Integrated Resource Management Under Fragile Intensive Ecosystems. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 2021; 5 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleO. Siva Devika; Sonam Singh; Deepranjan Sarkar; Prabhakar Barnwal; Jarupula Suman; Amitava Rakshit. 2021. "Seed Priming: A Potential Supplement in Integrated Resource Management Under Fragile Intensive Ecosystems." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 5, no. : 1.
Mineralization of carbon (C) is a burning issue that is regulated by soil attributes. It has direct impacts on crop productivity and quantification of organic residue addition in soil. For better understanding and achievement of potential tillage benefits, a comprehensive scientific understanding of C mineralization is very important. Therefore, a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the C mineralization rates and kinetics of crop residues (rice and maize) when applied on the surface (as zero-tillage, ZT) and incorporation (as conventional tillage, CT) in four different soil types (S1 and S2 of Entisol; S3 and S4 of Inceptisols) of West Bengal state, India. Results showed that after 7 days of incubation, there was a rapid phase of decrease in CO2-C fluxes. It continued up to day 14 followed by a sluggish nature of CO2 emission up to day-42, and after that almost levelling off in all subsequent periods up to the end of 126 days of incubation. There was a progressive release of cumulative total C from the soils with an increase in time till the last day of incubation. For every 10% increase in C loss, there was about 0.376 mg/g C mineralization from the applied residue C. It was evident from the kinetic models that C mineralization from the residues followed the exponential model: C = Co(1 − e−kt). Similar rate constant (k) values were recorded in both placement methods, but the rate of maximum potential mineralizable (C0k) residue C was higher under residue incorporation treatments for both rice and maize residue. However, the rice and maize residues showed almost similar amounts of C mineralized over time when applied on the surface. The future prediction analysis using the equation C = Co(1 − e−kt) suggested that the residues incorporated into the soil releases a maximum C irrespective of residue type. We conclude that the residues when incorporated into the soil significantly increases the C footprints through maximum C mineralization; leaving the crop residue on the soil surface reduces the C footprints which helps in achieving sustainability from an environmental perspective.
Rakesh S; Deepranjan Sarkar; Abhas Sinha; Shikha; Prabir Mukhopadhyay; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta. Carbon Mineralization Rates and Kinetics of Surface-Applied and Incorporated Rice and Maize Residues in Entisol and Inceptisol Soil Types. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7212 .
AMA StyleRakesh S, Deepranjan Sarkar, Abhas Sinha, Shikha, Prabir Mukhopadhyay, Subhan Danish, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta. Carbon Mineralization Rates and Kinetics of Surface-Applied and Incorporated Rice and Maize Residues in Entisol and Inceptisol Soil Types. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7212.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRakesh S; Deepranjan Sarkar; Abhas Sinha; Shikha; Prabir Mukhopadhyay; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Carbon Mineralization Rates and Kinetics of Surface-Applied and Incorporated Rice and Maize Residues in Entisol and Inceptisol Soil Types." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7212.
The increasing demand for qualitative and varietal foods by the consumer society is a big concern for energy production, and utilization of that energy in a judicious manner for sustainable management of resources is a big challenge in the eminent future. Existing resources (land, water, fertilizer, etc.) and their socioeconomic aspects warrant the farming community to adopt alternative strategies aimed at enhancing the use efficiency of inputs and improve the environmental quality. The adaptability of microbes to thrive in different environments has prompted scientists to introduce microbial intervention in the agricultural processes. Bio-priming has the potential to fulfill many objectives of the modern production system with the use of beneficial microorganisms in an eco-friendly manner. Interestingly, it also plays a crucial role in enhancing the nutrient use efficiency of crops. There is rising evidence of a paradigm shift from the use of a single microbe to a consortium approach for efficient rhizosphere engineering in the context of sustainable agriculture. Our understanding of different signaling cascades, rhizosphere chemistry, and other mechanisms of plant–microbial interactions will frame suitable strategies to harness the best ecosystem services including improved resource use efficiency.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit; Ahmad Al-Turki; R. Sayyed; Rahul Datta. Connecting Bio-Priming Approach with Integrated Nutrient Management for Improved Nutrient Use Efficiency in Crop Species. Agriculture 2021, 11, 372 .
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Amitava Rakshit, Ahmad Al-Turki, R. Sayyed, Rahul Datta. Connecting Bio-Priming Approach with Integrated Nutrient Management for Improved Nutrient Use Efficiency in Crop Species. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):372.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit; Ahmad Al-Turki; R. Sayyed; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Connecting Bio-Priming Approach with Integrated Nutrient Management for Improved Nutrient Use Efficiency in Crop Species." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 372.
Field assays (2016−17 and 2017−18) were conducted in Varanasi, India during the rabi season to determine the combined impact of seedling bio-priming and mineral fertilizers on nutrient concentration, bioactive compounds, and yield of the exotic crop (red cabbage) at harvest. The recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF, N:P2O5:K2O) was applied @ 120:60:60 kg ha−1. Three compatible primers (Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus subtilis) were applied singly and in combination with 75 % RDF. Evaluation of plant growth-promoting activities of the priming agents revealed the superiority of P. fluorescens over other bio-agents. In general, bio-priming treatments recorded higher crop quality and crop yield than control and sole application of chemical fertilizers. Application of 75 % RDF + T. harzianum + P. fluorescens resulted in the highest head N content (2.22 %), Cu (8.37 mg kg−1), and protein content (1.63 g 100 g−1) along with head yield (21.05 t ha-1). Inclusion of dual bacterial inoculations (P. fluorescens and B. subtilis) in the integrated system resulted in the highest head P (0.37 %), K (2.84 %), Fe (160.12 mg kg−1), Zn (34.18 mg kg−1) and total carbohydrate (6.69 g 100 g-1) content. A microbial consortium of T. harzianum and B. subtilis increased the head Mn (21.57 mg kg−1) and vitamin C (63.05 mg 100 g−1) content. Treatments had no significant effect on β-carotene and anthocyanin concentration in the crop. The performance of the dual consortium was better than the triple consortium. Therefore, the current study highlights the significance of dual inoculations in comparison to individual and triple inoculations in substituting the mineral fertilizer requirements and promoting sustainable red cabbage production in Middle Gangetic Plains by improving product quality.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit. Bio-priming in combination with mineral fertilizer improves nutritional quality and yield of red cabbage under Middle Gangetic Plains, India. Scientia Horticulturae 2021, 283, 110075 .
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Amitava Rakshit. Bio-priming in combination with mineral fertilizer improves nutritional quality and yield of red cabbage under Middle Gangetic Plains, India. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021; 283 ():110075.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit. 2021. "Bio-priming in combination with mineral fertilizer improves nutritional quality and yield of red cabbage under Middle Gangetic Plains, India." Scientia Horticulturae 283, no. : 110075.
Managing agrochemicals for crop production always remains a classic challenge for us to maintain the doctrine of sustainability. Intensively cultivated rice–wheat production system without using the organics (organic amendments, manures, biofertilizers) has a tremendous impact on soil characteristics (physical, chemical, and biological), environmental quality (water, air), input use efficiency, ecosystem biodiversity, and nutritional security. Consequently, crop productivity is found to be either decreasing or stagnating. Rice–wheat cropping system is the major agroecosystem in India feeding millions of people, which is widely practiced in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). Microorganisms as key players in the soil system can restore the degraded ecosystems using a variety of mechanisms. Here, we propose how delivery systems (i.e., the introduction of microbes in seed, soil, and crop through bio-priming and/or bioaugmentation) can help us in eradicating food scarcity and maintaining sustainability without compromising the ecosystem services. Both bio-priming and bioaugmentation are efficient techniques to utilize bio-agents judiciously for successful crop production by enhancing phytohormones, nutrition status, and stress tolerance levels in plants (including mitigating of abiotic stresses and biocontrol of pests/pathogens). However, there are some differences in application methods, and the latter one also includes the aspects of bioremediation or soil detoxification. Overall, we have highlighted different perspectives on applying biological solutions in the IGP to sustain the dominant (rice–wheat) cropping sequence.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit. Safeguarding the fragile rice–wheat ecosystem of the Indo-Gangetic Plains through bio-priming and bioaugmentation interventions. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 2020, 96, 1 .
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Amitava Rakshit. Safeguarding the fragile rice–wheat ecosystem of the Indo-Gangetic Plains through bio-priming and bioaugmentation interventions. FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 2020; 96 (12):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Amitava Rakshit. 2020. "Safeguarding the fragile rice–wheat ecosystem of the Indo-Gangetic Plains through bio-priming and bioaugmentation interventions." FEMS Microbiology Ecology 96, no. 12: 1.
Deepranjan Sarkar. Soil analysis for the advancement of soil-based production systems. Rhizosphere 2020, 15, 100216 .
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar. Soil analysis for the advancement of soil-based production systems. Rhizosphere. 2020; 15 ():100216.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar. 2020. "Soil analysis for the advancement of soil-based production systems." Rhizosphere 15, no. : 100216.
Maximizing food production for feeding a rapidly growing human population while minimizing critical resource use and soil quality degradation is a major challenge for global sustainability. Sustainable agricultural practices based on low-external input is of paramount importance for reducing environmental trade-offs and planet healthy food production. Therefore, a critical assessment was made on viable low-input technologies aimed to reduce the negative effects of agricultural production as well as the use of various crop simulation models for forecasting the agricultural production under changing climatic scenario. While crop simulation models are helpful for predicting the growth and yield of individual crops under current as well as futuristic scenarios, it is difficult to model the response of multiple cropping systems under changing climatic conditions. As a matter of fact, the developing countries, majorly dependent on agriculture are most vulnerable to climate change. The increasing price of agrochemicals is another setback for subsistence farmers in resource-poor nations. In this backdrop, the current review aimed to assess the impact of climate change on agriculture, and the role of low input sustainable agriculture (LISA) for ensuring the food security while safeguarding the critical natural resources for human-wellbeing and also for attaining UN-Sustainable Development Goals. In addition, evidence-based impacts of LISA in emerging economies from Africa and South Asia are highlighted and suitable ecological indicators for measuring the sustainability of such LISA are addressed in brief. We conclude that the large-scale implementation of LISA will facilitate agricultural sustainability, and therefore, suitable policy frameworks are imperative for its worldwide adoption.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Saswat Kumar Kar; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Shikha; Amitava Rakshit; Vinod Kumar Tripathi; Pradeep Kumar Dubey; Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash. Low input sustainable agriculture: A viable climate-smart option for boosting food production in a warming world. Ecological Indicators 2020, 115, 106412 .
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Saswat Kumar Kar, Arghya Chattopadhyay, Shikha, Amitava Rakshit, Vinod Kumar Tripathi, Pradeep Kumar Dubey, Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash. Low input sustainable agriculture: A viable climate-smart option for boosting food production in a warming world. Ecological Indicators. 2020; 115 ():106412.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Saswat Kumar Kar; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Shikha; Amitava Rakshit; Vinod Kumar Tripathi; Pradeep Kumar Dubey; Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash. 2020. "Low input sustainable agriculture: A viable climate-smart option for boosting food production in a warming world." Ecological Indicators 115, no. : 106412.
The fundamental role of soil organic carbon (SOC) in maintaining soil quality and regulating Earth’s carbon cycle generates renewed interests of scientists to track its status in the ecosystem. Changes in SOC dynamics is a resultant of soil’s complex interactions with vegetation, climate, and land-use practices. Even a small variation in SOC content could bring a significant impact on the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide. The fluxes of carbon (C) in soil are mainly dominated by its different pools rather than the total SOC. Therefore, profiling of SOC pools is very important for developing sound management practices that can sustain crop productivity and soil fertility and also reduce C emissions or mitigate climate change. However, accuracy, time requirement, and cost-effectiveness of the present analytical methods direct the need for advancing towards the standard protocols. A systematic appraisal and critical investigation of the different SOC determination methods applied by diverse research groups in contrasting agroecosystems and management conditions will improve our understanding and bridge the gaps in selecting the right protocols.
Rakesh S; Deepranjan Sarkar; Shikha; Ardith Sankar; Abhas Kumar Sinha; Prabir Mukhopadhyay; Amitava Rakshit. Protocols for Determination and Evaluation of Organic Carbon Pools in Soils Developed Under Contrasting Pedogenic Processes and Subjected to Varying Management Situations. Soil Analysis: Recent Trends and Applications 2020, 87 -105.
AMA StyleRakesh S, Deepranjan Sarkar, Shikha, Ardith Sankar, Abhas Kumar Sinha, Prabir Mukhopadhyay, Amitava Rakshit. Protocols for Determination and Evaluation of Organic Carbon Pools in Soils Developed Under Contrasting Pedogenic Processes and Subjected to Varying Management Situations. Soil Analysis: Recent Trends and Applications. 2020; ():87-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRakesh S; Deepranjan Sarkar; Shikha; Ardith Sankar; Abhas Kumar Sinha; Prabir Mukhopadhyay; Amitava Rakshit. 2020. "Protocols for Determination and Evaluation of Organic Carbon Pools in Soils Developed Under Contrasting Pedogenic Processes and Subjected to Varying Management Situations." Soil Analysis: Recent Trends and Applications , no. : 87-105.
In natural ecosystems, plants harbour diverse microbial communities in different compartments (above- and below-ground) of their system. The microbes colonizing the plant parts form complex interactions leading to the formation of microbiomes in inner tissues (endosphere) and outer surfaces (ectosphere) of the host plant. As microbiome represents a key factor in ecological functions, e.g. nutrient cycling, plant growth and productivity, and development of stress or protection against them, the topic is gaining substantial interest among researchers. A general attempt is triggered in the process provoking thought of bringing some modifications in the microenvironments. Small interventions in agroecosystems are of prime importance since their implementation in field levels becomes easy. Bio-priming is one such technology emerging as rhizosphere engineering, which is capable of tackling several challenges in agriculture arising right from seed germination to field stand. Promising results have been obtained with this technique because it has various mechanisms to stimulate the physiological and metabolic processes in the plant system and other environmental processes associated with the host niche. In this chapter, we also aim to briefly discuss the basic interactions that take place between plants and microorganisms with particular attention to plant growth and health and soil health.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Sonam Singh; O. Shiva Devika; Subhadip Pal; Manoj Parihar; Sumita Pal; Harikesh Bahadur Singh; Amitava Rakshit. Modulation of Microbiome Through Seed Bio-priming. Soil Biology 2020, 209 -218.
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Arghya Chattopadhyay, Sonam Singh, O. Shiva Devika, Subhadip Pal, Manoj Parihar, Sumita Pal, Harikesh Bahadur Singh, Amitava Rakshit. Modulation of Microbiome Through Seed Bio-priming. Soil Biology. 2020; ():209-218.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Sonam Singh; O. Shiva Devika; Subhadip Pal; Manoj Parihar; Sumita Pal; Harikesh Bahadur Singh; Amitava Rakshit. 2020. "Modulation of Microbiome Through Seed Bio-priming." Soil Biology , no. : 209-218.
Priming techniques are gaining importance in agriculture with the increase in environmental stresses. Resource-poor farmers are in urgent need of such techniques as they are simple, economical, and value-added intervention associated with low-risk bearing factors. Seed enhancement methods are key to improve seed performance and achieve a good stand establishment. Worldwide beneficial effects of priming are recorded. But these technologies have still not reached most farmers. This review highlights the importance of on-farm priming strategies in modern crop production system to yield better productivity and obtain higher economic returns. Stimulation of the pre-germination metabolic changes by priming is necessary to overcome the environmental challenges that a plant can encounter. Thus, the study also focuses on mechanisms associated with priming-induced stress tolerance of crops. Various safe practical methods of seed priming can be easily adopted by the farming community to alleviate the levels of different stresses which can hamper productivity. Simultaneously they can produce good quality seeds and use them further for the next crop cycle cutting the costs of seed purchase.
Neha Chatterjee; Deepranjan Sarkar; Ardit Sankar; Sumita Pal; H. B. Singh; Rajesh Kumar Singh; J. S. Bohra; Amitava Rakshit. On-farm seed priming interventions in agronomic crops. Acta agriculturae Slovenica 2018, 111, 715 -735.
AMA StyleNeha Chatterjee, Deepranjan Sarkar, Ardit Sankar, Sumita Pal, H. B. Singh, Rajesh Kumar Singh, J. S. Bohra, Amitava Rakshit. On-farm seed priming interventions in agronomic crops. Acta agriculturae Slovenica. 2018; 111 (3):715-735.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNeha Chatterjee; Deepranjan Sarkar; Ardit Sankar; Sumita Pal; H. B. Singh; Rajesh Kumar Singh; J. S. Bohra; Amitava Rakshit. 2018. "On-farm seed priming interventions in agronomic crops." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 111, no. 3: 715-735.
Concurrent occurrences of different stresses, i.e. biotic and abiotic, are very common in the environment of plants which consequently reduce yield. As cost-effective options are very limited, bio-priming is a suitable tool to address the numerous challenges associated with agriculture. Plant growth benefits are easily attainable through this technique while managing the natural resources and enhancing the environmental sustainability.
Deepranjan Sarkar; Sumita Pal; Ms. Mehjabeen; Vivek Singh; Sonam Singh; Subhadip Pul; Jancy Garg; Amitava Rakshit; H. B. Singh. Addressing Stresses in Agriculture Through Bio-priming Intervention. Advances in Seed Priming 2018, 107 -113.
AMA StyleDeepranjan Sarkar, Sumita Pal, Ms. Mehjabeen, Vivek Singh, Sonam Singh, Subhadip Pul, Jancy Garg, Amitava Rakshit, H. B. Singh. Addressing Stresses in Agriculture Through Bio-priming Intervention. Advances in Seed Priming. 2018; ():107-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDeepranjan Sarkar; Sumita Pal; Ms. Mehjabeen; Vivek Singh; Sonam Singh; Subhadip Pul; Jancy Garg; Amitava Rakshit; H. B. Singh. 2018. "Addressing Stresses in Agriculture Through Bio-priming Intervention." Advances in Seed Priming , no. : 107-113.
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S. Rakes; Ganesh Chandra Banik; Arunava Ghosh; Deepranjan Sarkar. Effect of sulphur fertilization on different forms of sulphur under mustard cultivation in an acid soil ofterairegion of West Bengal. Research on Crops 2016, 17, 248 .
AMA StyleS. Rakes, Ganesh Chandra Banik, Arunava Ghosh, Deepranjan Sarkar. Effect of sulphur fertilization on different forms of sulphur under mustard cultivation in an acid soil ofterairegion of West Bengal. Research on Crops. 2016; 17 (2):248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleS. Rakes; Ganesh Chandra Banik; Arunava Ghosh; Deepranjan Sarkar. 2016. "Effect of sulphur fertilization on different forms of sulphur under mustard cultivation in an acid soil ofterairegion of West Bengal." Research on Crops 17, no. 2: 248.