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Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) is an important component of the human diet due to its high mineral and protein contents. Abiotic stresses, i.e., drought, decreases plant growth and yield. Drought causes the synthesis of reactive oxygen species, which decrease a plant’s starch contents and growth. However, ACC-deaminase (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase) producing rhizobacteria can alleviate drought stress by decreasing ethylene levels. On the other hand, caffeic acid (CA) can also positively affect cell expansion and turgor pressure maintenance under drought stress. Therefore, the current study was planned with an aim to assess the effect of CA (0, 20, 50 and 100 ppm) and ACC-deaminase rhizobacteria (Lysinibacillus fusiform, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) on lentils under drought stress. The combined application of CA and ACC-deaminase containing rhizobacteria significantly improved plant height (55%), number of pods per plant (51%), 1000-grain weight (45%), nitrogen concentration (56%), phosphorus concentration (19%), potassium concentration (21%), chlorophyll (54%), relative water contents RWC (60%) and protein contents (55%). A significant decrease in electrolyte leakage (30%), proline contents (44%), and hydrogen peroxide contents (54%), along with an improvement in cell membrane stability (34% over control) validated the combined use of CA and rhizobacteria. In conclusion, co-application of CA (20 ppm) and ACC-deaminase producing rhizobacteria can significantly improve plant growth and yield for farmers under drought stress. More investigations are suggested at the field level to select the best rhizobacteria and CA level for lentils under drought.
Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Muhammad Naeem Akbar; Yasir Iftikhar; Mazhar Abbas; Atiqa Zahid; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Muqarrab Ali; Abdallah M. Elgorban; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Subhan Danish. Rhizobacteria Inoculation and Caffeic Acid Alleviated Drought Stress in Lentil Plants. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9603 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye, Muhammad Naeem Akbar, Yasir Iftikhar, Mazhar Abbas, Atiqa Zahid, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Muqarrab Ali, Abdallah M. Elgorban, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Subhan Danish. Rhizobacteria Inoculation and Caffeic Acid Alleviated Drought Stress in Lentil Plants. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (17):9603.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Muhammad Naeem Akbar; Yasir Iftikhar; Mazhar Abbas; Atiqa Zahid; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Muqarrab Ali; Abdallah M. Elgorban; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Subhan Danish. 2021. "Rhizobacteria Inoculation and Caffeic Acid Alleviated Drought Stress in Lentil Plants." Sustainability 13, no. 17: 9603.
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different mineral fertilizers on mineral contents in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzyme activities and soil properties under field conditions in Uzbekistan. The present study is the first report on the impact of mineral fertilizers in turmeric rhizomes and soil enzymes and soil properties in Uzbekistan. The experiment was carried out with four treatments: T1—Control, T2—N75P50K50 kg/ha, T3—N125P100K100 kg/ha, and T4—N100P75K75 + B3Zn6Fe6 kg/ha. Turmeric rhizomes and soil samples were collected from field experiments at the Surkhandarya scientific experimental station of the vegetable, melon crops and potato research institute, Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan. The data showed that T3—the NPK (125:100:100 kg/ha) and T4—the NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) treatments significantly enhanced K content by 27–21%, Ca content by 43–38%, and P content by 54–17% in turmeric rhizomes as compared to control without fertilizer. A maximum of turmeric rhizome microelements content was recorded with T4, which also resulted in improved Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Mo contents in turmeric rhizomes and mineral contents of soil compared to other treatments. This treatment significantly enhanced active P content by 34%, active K content by 25%, total P content by 62%, total K content by 14%, and the activities of soil urease, invertase, catalase, and phosphatase over those in the control. The present study results suggest that the application of NPK + BZnFe (100:75:75:3:6:6 kg/ha) improves macro and micronutrient contents in turmeric rhizomes and activities of soil enzymes and physicochemical properties of soil.
Dilfuza Jabborova; Khurshid Sulaymanov; R. Z. Sayyed; Saad H. Alotaibi; Yuriy Enakiev; Abdulahat Azimov; Zafarjon Jabbarov; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Shah Fahad; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Mineral Fertilizers Improves the Quality of Turmeric and Soil. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9437 .
AMA StyleDilfuza Jabborova, Khurshid Sulaymanov, R. Z. Sayyed, Saad H. Alotaibi, Yuriy Enakiev, Abdulahat Azimov, Zafarjon Jabbarov, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Shah Fahad, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Mineral Fertilizers Improves the Quality of Turmeric and Soil. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9437.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDilfuza Jabborova; Khurshid Sulaymanov; R. Z. Sayyed; Saad H. Alotaibi; Yuriy Enakiev; Abdulahat Azimov; Zafarjon Jabbarov; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Shah Fahad; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Mineral Fertilizers Improves the Quality of Turmeric and Soil." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9437.
Biochar, prepared from organic waste materials, can improve the quality of contaminated soil areas. Biochar can be used as an economic centerpiece over other available resources and can properly utilize large amounts of waste. Soil contaminated with cadmium (Cd) is a worldwide problem that poses potential agricultural and human health hazards. Moreover, Cd toxicity causes serious problems for sustainable food production, especially in food crops like barley. High cadmium concentration in soil is phytotoxic and decreases plant growth and ultimately yields. Biochar and ascorbic acid in ameliorating Cd stress are economically compatible and consistent approaches in agriculture. The present study aimed to evaluate biochar’s and foliar-applied ascorbic acid’s influence on some growth and biochemical characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to Cd stress. The soil was supplemented with biochar 2% w/w and 20 mg Cd kg−1. The foliar application of 30 mM ascorbic acid was done on plants. The results revealed that Cd stress decreased chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids. It also increased oxidative stress indicators, i.e., APX, COD, POD, flavonoids, anthocyanin, phenolics, and electrolyte leakage, in barley with Cd-contamination. A significant enhancement in root and shoot length, gas exchange attributes, and chlorophyll contents validated the effectiveness of Bio + Asa treatments over all other treatments under Cd contamination. In conclusion, the sole applications of biochar and Asa in Cd contamination are also effective, but Bio + Asa is a better amendment for Cd stress alleviation in barley plants.
Samia Yaseen; Syeda Fasiha Amjad; Nida Mansoora; Shameem Kausar; Huma Shahid; Saad A. M. Alamri; Sulaiman A. Alrumman; Ebrahem M. Eid; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Supplemental Effects of Biochar and Foliar Application of Ascorbic Acid on Physio-Biochemical Attributes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9128 .
AMA StyleSamia Yaseen, Syeda Fasiha Amjad, Nida Mansoora, Shameem Kausar, Huma Shahid, Saad A. M. Alamri, Sulaiman A. Alrumman, Ebrahem M. Eid, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Supplemental Effects of Biochar and Foliar Application of Ascorbic Acid on Physio-Biochemical Attributes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Cadmium-Contaminated Soil. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamia Yaseen; Syeda Fasiha Amjad; Nida Mansoora; Shameem Kausar; Huma Shahid; Saad A. M. Alamri; Sulaiman A. Alrumman; Ebrahem M. Eid; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Supplemental Effects of Biochar and Foliar Application of Ascorbic Acid on Physio-Biochemical Attributes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) under Cadmium-Contaminated Soil." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9128.
A good understanding of nutrient release from manure or compost after application through mineralization is important to assure meeting the nutrient demand of crops, to secure timely fertilizer application and to enhance nutrient use efficiency. The current study was done to evaluate phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) release patterns from different types of manures viz. cow dung, cow dung slurry, tricho-compost, vermicompost, poultry manure, poultry manure slurry and mungbean residues. The mineralization study was performed under aerobic (field capacity) and anaerobic (waterlogging) conditions for 180 days at 25 ± 1 °C in the laboratory. The release of P and S showed the highest values within 75–180 and 75–150 days, respectively, and was always higher in aerobic conditions than in anaerobic conditions. The first-order kinetic cumulative model was a good fit for mineralization, which was significantly influenced by manure type, soil moisture level and incubation period. Poultry manure slurry exerted the highest P and S release under both moisture conditions. Both slurries showed higher potential mineralization, with a lower rate constant for these elements compared to that in their manure states. Hence, appropriate manures should be chosen and applied in the proper quantity to provide exact amounts of nutrients, to increase crops nutrient use efficiency and to formulate correct fertilizer recommendations.
Mohammad Islam; Sultana Bilkis; Tahsina Hoque; Shihab Uddin; Mohammad Jahiruddin; Mohammad Rahman; Abu Siddique; Mohammad Hossain; Theodore Danso Marfo; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Mineralization of Farm Manures and Slurries under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions for Subsequent Release of Phosphorus and Sulphur in Soil. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8605 .
AMA StyleMohammad Islam, Sultana Bilkis, Tahsina Hoque, Shihab Uddin, Mohammad Jahiruddin, Mohammad Rahman, Abu Siddique, Mohammad Hossain, Theodore Danso Marfo, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Mineralization of Farm Manures and Slurries under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions for Subsequent Release of Phosphorus and Sulphur in Soil. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8605.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Islam; Sultana Bilkis; Tahsina Hoque; Shihab Uddin; Mohammad Jahiruddin; Mohammad Rahman; Abu Siddique; Mohammad Hossain; Theodore Danso Marfo; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Mineralization of Farm Manures and Slurries under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions for Subsequent Release of Phosphorus and Sulphur in Soil." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8605.
Objectives As a liquid organic fertilizer used in agriculture, digestate is rich in many nutrients (i.e. nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, potassium); their utilization may be however less efficient in soils poor in organic carbon (due to low carbon:nitrogen ratio). In order to solve the disadvantages, digestate enrichment with carbon-rich amendments biochar or humic acids (Humac) was tested. Methods Soil variants amended with enriched digestate: digestate + biochar, digestate + Humac, and digestate + combined biochar and humic acids—were compared to control with untreated digestate in their effect on total soil carbon and nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration and soil enzymatic activities in a pot experiment. Yield of the test crop lettuce was also determined for all variants. Results Soil respiration was the most significantly increased property, positively affected by digestate + Humac. Both digestate + biochar and digestate + Humac significantly increased microbial biomass carbon. Significant negative effect of digestate + biochar (compared to the control digestate) on particular enzyme activities was alleviated by the addition of humic acids. No significant differences among the tested variants were found in the above-ground and root plant biomass. Conclusions The tested organic supplements improved the digestate effect on some determined soil properties. We deduced from the results (carbon:nitrogen ratio, microbial biomass and activity) that the assimilation of nutrients by plants increased; however, the most desired positive effect on the yield of crop biomass was not demonstrated. We assume that the digestate enrichment with organic amendments may be more beneficial in a long time-scaled trial.
Jiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Antonin Kintl; Subhan Danish; Petr Skarpa; Oldrich Latal; Tivadar Baltazar; Shah Fahad; Hanife Akça; Suleyman Taban; Eliska Kobzova; Rahul Datta; Ondrej Malicek; Ghulam Sabir Hussain; Martin Brtnicky. Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0252262 .
AMA StyleJiri Holatko, Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Antonin Kintl, Subhan Danish, Petr Skarpa, Oldrich Latal, Tivadar Baltazar, Shah Fahad, Hanife Akça, Suleyman Taban, Eliska Kobzova, Rahul Datta, Ondrej Malicek, Ghulam Sabir Hussain, Martin Brtnicky. Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity. PLoS ONE. 2021; 16 (7):e0252262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Antonin Kintl; Subhan Danish; Petr Skarpa; Oldrich Latal; Tivadar Baltazar; Shah Fahad; Hanife Akça; Suleyman Taban; Eliska Kobzova; Rahul Datta; Ondrej Malicek; Ghulam Sabir Hussain; Martin Brtnicky. 2021. "Effect of carbon-enriched digestate on the microbial soil activity." PLoS ONE 16, no. 7: e0252262.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy detects functional groups such as vibrational bands like N-H, O-H, C-H, C = O (ester, amine, ketone, aldehyde), C = C, C = N (vibrational modes of a tetrapyrrole ring) and simply C = N. The FTIR of these bands is fundamental to the investigation of the effect of biochar (BC) treatment on structural changes in the chlorophyll molecules of both plants that were tested. For this, dried leaf of Spinacia oleracia (spinach) and Trigonella corniculata (fenugreek) were selected for FTIR spectral study of chlorophyll associated functional groups. The study’s primary goal was to investigate the silent features of infrared (IR) spectra of dried leave samples. The data obtained from the current study also shows that leaf chlorophyll can mask or suppress other molecules’ FITR bands, including proteins. In addition, the C = O bands with Mg and the C9 ketonic group of chlorophyll are observed as peaks at1600 (0%BC), 1650 (3%BC) and 1640, or near to1700 (5%BC) in spinach samples. In fenugreek, additional effects are observed in the FTIR spectra of chlorophyll at the major groups of C = C, C = O and C9 of the ketonic groups, and the vibrational bands are more evident at C-H and N-H of the tetrapyrrole ring. It is concluded that C-N bands are more visible in 5% BC treated spinach and fenugreek than in all other treatments. These types of spectra are useful in detecting changes or visibility of functional groups, which are very helpful in supporting biochemical data such as an increase in protein can be detected by more visibility of C-N bands in FTIR spectra.
Uzma Younis; Ashfaq Ahmad Rahi; Subhan Danish; Muhammad Arif Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Rahul Datta; Shah Fahad; Jiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Martin Brtnicky; Tayebeh Zarei; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman EL Sabagh; Bernard R. Glick. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy vibrational bands study of Spinacia oleracea and Trigonella corniculata under biochar amendment in naturally contaminated soil. PLoS ONE 2021, 16, e0253390 .
AMA StyleUzma Younis, Ashfaq Ahmad Rahi, Subhan Danish, Muhammad Arif Ali, Niaz Ahmed, Rahul Datta, Shah Fahad, Jiri Holatko, Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Martin Brtnicky, Tayebeh Zarei, Alaa Baazeem, Ayman EL Sabagh, Bernard R. Glick. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy vibrational bands study of Spinacia oleracea and Trigonella corniculata under biochar amendment in naturally contaminated soil. PLoS ONE. 2021; 16 (6):e0253390.
Chicago/Turabian StyleUzma Younis; Ashfaq Ahmad Rahi; Subhan Danish; Muhammad Arif Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Rahul Datta; Shah Fahad; Jiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Martin Brtnicky; Tayebeh Zarei; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman EL Sabagh; Bernard R. Glick. 2021. "Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy vibrational bands study of Spinacia oleracea and Trigonella corniculata under biochar amendment in naturally contaminated soil." PLoS ONE 16, no. 6: e0253390.
Nitrogen (N) losses are prevalent under South East Asia’s due to high N fertilizer inputs, but low N fertilizer use efficiency. This leaves a large quantity of reactive N at risk of loss to the environment. Biochar has been found to reduce N losses across a variety of soil types, however, there is limited data available for semi-arid climates, particularly at a field-scale. Herein we present an exploration of the biological and chemical enhancement effects observed of a cotton stalk-based biochar on wheat growth and yield under arid field conditions. The biochar was treated with urea-N and biofertilizer (bio-power) in different treatment setups. The six experimental treatments included; (i) a full N dose “recommended for wheat crops in the region” (104 kg N ha−1) as a positive control; (ii) a half N dose (52 kg N ha−1); (iii) a half N dose + biofertilizer (4.94 kg ha−1) as a soil mixture; (iv) a half N dose + biofertilizer as a seed inoculation; (v) a full N dose as broadcast + biochar (5 t ha−1) inoculated with biofertilizer; and (vi) a full N dose loaded on biochar + biofertilizer applied as a soil mixture. The half dose N application or biofertilizer addition as soil mix/seed inoculated/biochar inoculation with biofertilizer caused reduced wheat growth and yield compared to the control (conventional N fertilization). However, co-application of chemically enhanced biochar (loaded with a full N dose) and biofertilizer as soil mixture significantly increased the crop growth rate (CGR) and leaf area index (LAI). A significantly higher crop growth and canopy development led to a higher light interception and radiation use efficiency (RUE) for total dry matter (TDM) and grain yield (11% greater than control) production compared to the control. A greater grain yield, observed for the full N dose loaded on biochar + biofertilizer applied as a soil mixture, is attributed to prolonged N availability as indicated by greater plant and soil N content at harvest and different crop growth stages, respectively. The present study has improved our understanding of how the application of nitrogen loaded biochar and biofertilizer as soil mixtures can synergize to positively affect wheat growth and soil-nitrogen retention under arid environmental conditions.
Zarmeena Khan; Muhammad Rahman; Ghulam Haider; Rabia Amir; Rao Ikram; Shakeel Ahmad; Hannah Schofield; Bilal Riaz; Rashid Iqbal; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman Sabagh; Subhan Danish. Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5890 .
AMA StyleZarmeena Khan, Muhammad Rahman, Ghulam Haider, Rabia Amir, Rao Ikram, Shakeel Ahmad, Hannah Schofield, Bilal Riaz, Rashid Iqbal, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Alaa Baazeem, Ayman Sabagh, Subhan Danish. Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):5890.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZarmeena Khan; Muhammad Rahman; Ghulam Haider; Rabia Amir; Rao Ikram; Shakeel Ahmad; Hannah Schofield; Bilal Riaz; Rashid Iqbal; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Alaa Baazeem; Ayman Sabagh; Subhan Danish. 2021. "Chemical and Biological Enhancement Effects of Biochar on Wheat Growth and Yield under Arid Field Conditions." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 5890.
Amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) enzyme has gained tremendous demand in various industries, including wastewater treatment, bioremediation and nano-biotechnology. This compels the availability of enzyme in greater yields that can be achieved by employing potential amylase-producing cultures and statistical optimization. The use of Plackett–Burman design (PBD) that evaluates various medium components and having two-level factorial designs help to determine the factor and its level to increase the yield of product. In the present work, we are reporting the screening of amylase-producing marine bacterial strain identified as Bacillus sp. H7 by 16S rRNA. The use of two-stage statistical optimization, i.e., PBD and response surface methodology (RSM), using central composite design (CCD) further improved the production of amylase. A 1.31-fold increase in amylase production was evident using a 5.0 L laboratory-scale bioreactor. Statistical optimization gives the exact idea of variables that influence the production of enzymes, and hence, the statistical approach offers the best way to optimize the bioprocess. The high catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of amylase from Bacillus sp. H7 on soluble starch was estimated to be 13.73 mL/s/mg.
J. Bandal; V. Tile; R. Sayyed; H. Jadhav; N. Azelee; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Statistical Based Bioprocess Design for Improved Production of Amylase from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7 Isolated from Marine Water. Molecules 2021, 26, 2833 .
AMA StyleJ. Bandal, V. Tile, R. Sayyed, H. Jadhav, N. Azelee, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Statistical Based Bioprocess Design for Improved Production of Amylase from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7 Isolated from Marine Water. Molecules. 2021; 26 (10):2833.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. Bandal; V. Tile; R. Sayyed; H. Jadhav; N. Azelee; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Statistical Based Bioprocess Design for Improved Production of Amylase from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7 Isolated from Marine Water." Molecules 26, no. 10: 2833.
Wheat is a staple food consumed by the majority of people in the world and its production needs to be doubled to feed the growing population. On the other hand, global wheat productivity is greatly affected due to drought and low fertility of soil under arid and semi-arid regions. Application of supplementary irrigation and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been suggested as sustainable measures to combat drought stress and to improve soil fertility and, hence, crop yield. This research was undertaken to study the effect of supplementary irrigation together with a combination of various PGPR on the growth and yield of two wheat cultivars, namely Sardari and Sirvan. The results of variance analysis (mean of squares) showed that the effect of irrigation, cultivar, and irrigation and biofertilizer and irrigation on height, spike length, seed/spike, and numbers of spikes/m2, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield were significant at 1% probability level. The effect of cultivar and irrigation interactions showed that the highest grain yield was obtained in a treatment with two additional irrigations in Sirvan cultivar (5015.0 kg/ha) and Sardari (4838.9 kg/ha) as compared to the 3598 kg/ha and 3598.3 kg/h grain yield in Sirvan and Sardari cultivars with similar treatment, but without irrigation, i.e., dryland farming. Drought conditions significantly affected the wheat grain yield while supplementary irrigation resulted in 39.38% and 34.48% higher yields in Sirvan and Sardari cultivars.
Z. Vafa; Y. Sohrabi; R. Sayyed; Ni Luh Suriani; Rahul Datta. Effects of the Combinations of Rhizobacteria, Mycorrhizae, and Seaweed, and Supplementary Irrigation on Growth and Yield in Wheat Cultivars. Plants 2021, 10, 811 .
AMA StyleZ. Vafa, Y. Sohrabi, R. Sayyed, Ni Luh Suriani, Rahul Datta. Effects of the Combinations of Rhizobacteria, Mycorrhizae, and Seaweed, and Supplementary Irrigation on Growth and Yield in Wheat Cultivars. Plants. 2021; 10 (4):811.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZ. Vafa; Y. Sohrabi; R. Sayyed; Ni Luh Suriani; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Effects of the Combinations of Rhizobacteria, Mycorrhizae, and Seaweed, and Supplementary Irrigation on Growth and Yield in Wheat Cultivars." Plants 10, no. 4: 811.
The deficiency of micronutrients and low organic matter (OM) status of soils are major hurdles in the optimum crop yield achievements. Humic substances can play an imperative role in the micronutrient bioavailability and improved crop yield by ameliorating the physicochemical soil properties. consumed as fresh food and in processed form. However, its susceptibility towards micronutrient deficiency causes a significant reduction in yield. That is why a current study was done to examine the influence of different potassium humate (KH) levels, i.e., 0, 5, 10, and 15 kg ha−1 with micronutrients mixture (MC), i.e., 0, 50 (Zn = 2.50, B = 0.75, Fe = 2.50 kg ha−1), 75 (Zn = 3.75, B = 1.125, Fe = 3.75 kg ha−1) and 100% (Zn = 5.0, B = 1.5, Fe = 5.0 kg ha−1) on the yield, biomass, harvesting index and uptake of the micronutrients in tomato. The results showed that increasing the level of K-humate significantly improved the yield (7.4 and 7.17%), total biomass (6.38 and 6.59%), and harvesting the index (0.46 and 0.76%) of tomato. It also enhanced Fe uptake but did not affect B and Zn concentrations in the tomato fruit at 100% MC + 15 kg ha−1 KH over control in the autumn and spring seasons. In conclusion, both levels of K-humate 10 and 15 kg ha−1 and MC 75 and 100% effectively enhance the yield, biomass, harvesting the index, and micronutrients (B, Zn, and Fe) uptake in tomatoes.
Ashfaq Rahi; Muhammad Anjum; Javed Iqbal Mirza; Saleha Ahmad Ali; Theodore Marfo; Shah Fahad; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Yield Enhancement and Better Micronutrients Uptake in Tomato Fruit through Potassium Humate Combined with Micronutrients Mixture. Agriculture 2021, 11, 357 .
AMA StyleAshfaq Rahi, Muhammad Anjum, Javed Iqbal Mirza, Saleha Ahmad Ali, Theodore Marfo, Shah Fahad, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Yield Enhancement and Better Micronutrients Uptake in Tomato Fruit through Potassium Humate Combined with Micronutrients Mixture. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAshfaq Rahi; Muhammad Anjum; Javed Iqbal Mirza; Saleha Ahmad Ali; Theodore Marfo; Shah Fahad; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Yield Enhancement and Better Micronutrients Uptake in Tomato Fruit through Potassium Humate Combined with Micronutrients Mixture." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 357.
Capsicum annuum L. is a significant horticulture crop known for its pungent varieties and used as a spice. The pungent character in the plant, known as capsaicinoid, has been discovered to have various health benefits. However, its production has been affected due to various exogenous stresses, including diseases caused by a soil-borne pathogen, Pythium spp. predominantly affecting the Capsicum plant in younger stages and causing damping-off, this pathogen can incite root rot in later plant growth stages. Due to the involvement of multiple Pythium spp. and their capability to disperse through various routes, their detection and diagnosis have become crucial. However, the quest for a point-of-care technology is still far from over. The use of an integrated approach with cultural and biological techniques for the management of Pythium spp. can be the best and most sustainable alternative to the traditionally used and hazardous chemical approach. The lack of race-specific resistance genes against Pythium spp. can be compensated with the candidate quantitative trait loci (QTL) genes in C. annuum L. This review will focus on the epidemiological factors playing a major role in disease spread, the currently available diagnostics in species identification, and the management strategies with a special emphasis on Pythium spp. causing damping-off and root rot in different cultivars of C. annuum L.
Himanshu Arora; Abhishek Sharma; Satyawati Sharma; Farah Haron; Abdul Gafur; R. Sayyed; Rahul Datta. Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 823 .
AMA StyleHimanshu Arora, Abhishek Sharma, Satyawati Sharma, Farah Haron, Abdul Gafur, R. Sayyed, Rahul Datta. Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management. Microorganisms. 2021; 9 (4):823.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHimanshu Arora; Abhishek Sharma; Satyawati Sharma; Farah Haron; Abdul Gafur; R. Sayyed; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Pythium Damping-Off and Root Rot of Capsicum annuum L.: Impacts, Diagnosis, and Management." Microorganisms 9, no. 4: 823.
Zinc (Zn) concentration in soil varies from deficient to toxic. Its deficiency, as well as toxicity, through imbalanced application and cropping in industrial sites can reduce maize growth and yield. Therefore, balanced Zn application is necessary to save resources and achieve optimum growth and yield in maize. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can provide tolerance to the host plant against Zn-induced stress. Inoculation with AMF helps in regulating the uptake of Zn and enhances the growth and yield of crops. Different application rates of Zn (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg Zn kg−1) were applied with inoculation with AMF (AM) and without AMF (NM). Results showed that root colonization was 45% higher in AMF-inoculated plants than non-inoculated plants. A significant increase in plant height (15%), number of leaves (35.4%), cob weight (4.39%), 1000-grain weight (10.5%), and biological yield (42.2%) signified the efficacious functioning of Zn20 + AM over sole inoculation with AM. We also observed that AMF inoculation with Zn20 helped to improve photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance. Furthermore, both Zn20 + AM and Zn20 + AM significantly increased total soluble protein compared with AM. Higher application rates of zinc, i.e., Zn80 and Zn120, induced Zn toxicity with (AM) and without (NM) AMF. In conclusion, Zn20 + AM is an effective treatment to achieve better growth and maize yield without Zn deficiency or toxicity.
Abdul Saboor; Muhammad Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Milan Skalicky; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Fahmy Hassan; Mohamed Hassan; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta. Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil. Agriculture 2021, 11, 310 .
AMA StyleAbdul Saboor, Muhammad Ali, Niaz Ahmed, Milan Skalicky, Subhan Danish, Shah Fahad, Fahmy Hassan, Mohamed Hassan, Marian Brestic, Ayman EL Sabagh, Rahul Datta. Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (4):310.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul Saboor; Muhammad Ali; Niaz Ahmed; Milan Skalicky; Subhan Danish; Shah Fahad; Fahmy Hassan; Mohamed Hassan; Marian Brestic; Ayman EL Sabagh; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Biofertilizer-Based Zinc Application Enhances Maize Growth, Gas Exchange Attributes, and Yield in Zinc-Deficient Soil." Agriculture 11, no. 4: 310.
Using the above results from RMS analysis the optimum values were predicted for the independent significant variables (Figure 3) the optimized levels of these variables in combination with other media variables the maximum production was predicted to be 199.90 U/mL. The predicted data were validated through confirmatory experiments performed in triplicates. A 1.29-fold increase in amylase activity against un-optimized (OVAT) medium was achieved in the present study authenticating the efficacy of RSM in process optimization (Figure 4). 2.6 Model validation and scale-up at laboratory scale (5L) bioreactor Once the parameters were standardized in the shake-flasks culture, the experiment was scaled-up to a laboratory-scale bioreactor (5 L). The yield of amylase increased by 1.01 fold (205.69 U/mL), it could be possible because the enzyme production in a bioreactor is higher than in shake-flasks culture as the various critical variable factors such as the dissolved oxygen (DO) and the pH can be optimally controlled at the desired levels [22].
J.N. Bandal; V.A. Tile; R. Z. Sayyed; H.P. Jadhav; N. I. Wan Azelee; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Statistical-Based Bioprocess Optimization of Amylase Production from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleJ.N. Bandal, V.A. Tile, R. Z. Sayyed, H.P. Jadhav, N. I. Wan Azelee, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Statistical-Based Bioprocess Optimization of Amylase Production from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ.N. Bandal; V.A. Tile; R. Z. Sayyed; H.P. Jadhav; N. I. Wan Azelee; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Statistical-Based Bioprocess Optimization of Amylase Production from Halophilic Bacillus sp. H7." , no. : 1.
Farmers are not growing diversified crops and applying huge amounts of agrochemicals and imbalanced fertilizers in the rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS), since the 1960s. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbial and nutrient dynamics in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under various sowing environments and nutrient sources during Rabi season (October–March), 2015–2016. The experiment was laid out in the split-plot design with three sowing dates in main-plots, and eight nutrient sources in sub-plots. The maximum bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes population, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), dehydrogenase activities, and available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulphur (NPKS) were recorded on November 17 sown crop, and the lowest was observed on December 7 sowing during both the years, and in the pooled analysis. Furthermore, applied nutrient sources, highest bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes population, available NPKS, SMBC, and dehydrogenase activity were observed in 75% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) + 25% N through pressmud (PM) + Azotobacto + phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) than other nutrient sources. In conclusion, high demand and cost of chemical fertilizers can be replaced by 25% amount easily and locally available organic manures like PM compost to sustain the soil health and crop productivity. It will be helpful to restore the soil biodiversity in the RWCS and provide a roadmap for the researchers, government planners, and policymakers for the use of PM as a source of organic matter and nutrients.
Sunil Kumar; Ram Swaroop Meena; Rakesh Kumar Singh; Tariq Muhammad Munir; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish; Gulab Singh Yadav; Sandeep Kumar. Soil microbial and nutrient dynamics under different sowings environment of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in rice based cropping system. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -11.
AMA StyleSunil Kumar, Ram Swaroop Meena, Rakesh Kumar Singh, Tariq Muhammad Munir, Rahul Datta, Subhan Danish, Gulab Singh Yadav, Sandeep Kumar. Soil microbial and nutrient dynamics under different sowings environment of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in rice based cropping system. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSunil Kumar; Ram Swaroop Meena; Rakesh Kumar Singh; Tariq Muhammad Munir; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish; Gulab Singh Yadav; Sandeep Kumar. 2021. "Soil microbial and nutrient dynamics under different sowings environment of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in rice based cropping system." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-11.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) feeds to two-third of the global population by serving as staple food. It is the main export commodity of several countries; thus, contributes towards foreign exchange earnings. Unfortunately, average global rice yield is far below than its genetic potential. Low nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) is among the major reasons for low average yield. Current study evaluated the impact of nitrogen fertilizer application methods (conventional and deep placement) on growth, yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, agronomic N-use efficiency (ANUE), partial factors productivity of applied N (PFP) and economic returns of two different transplanted rice varieties (Basmati-515 and Super-Basmati). Fertilizer application methods significantly affected allometry, yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP and economic returns. Deep placement of N-fertilizer (DPNF) observed better allometric traits, high chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP, yield attributes and economic returns compared to conventional application of N-fertilizer (CANF). Similarly, Basmati-515 had better allometric and yield-related traits, chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP and economic returns than Super-Basmati. Regarding interactions among N-fertilizer application methods and rice varieties, Basmati-515 with DPNF resulted in higher chlorophyll contents, photosynthesis rate, ANUE, PFP, allometric and yield related traits and economic returns than CANF. The lowest values of these traits were observed for Super-Basmati with no application of N-fertilizer. Both varieties had better yield and economic returns with DPNF compared to CANF. It is concluded that DPNF improved yield, ANUE and economic returns; therefore, should be opted to improve productivity of transplanted fine rice. Nonetheless, lower nitrogen doses need to be tested for DPNF to infer whether it could lower N use in rice crop.
Ahlam Khalofah; Muhammad Ifnan Khan; Muhammad Arif; Ansar Hussain; Rehmat Ullah; Muhammad Irfan; Shahzadi Mahpara; Rahmat Ullah Shah; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Antonin Kintl; Martin Brtnicky; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice. PLOS ONE 2021, 16, e0247529 .
AMA StyleAhlam Khalofah, Muhammad Ifnan Khan, Muhammad Arif, Ansar Hussain, Rehmat Ullah, Muhammad Irfan, Shahzadi Mahpara, Rahmat Ullah Shah, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Antonin Kintl, Martin Brtnicky, Subhan Danish, Rahul Datta. Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice. PLOS ONE. 2021; 16 (2):e0247529.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAhlam Khalofah; Muhammad Ifnan Khan; Muhammad Arif; Ansar Hussain; Rehmat Ullah; Muhammad Irfan; Shahzadi Mahpara; Rahmat Ullah Shah; Mohammad Javed Ansari; Antonin Kintl; Martin Brtnicky; Subhan Danish; Rahul Datta. 2021. "Deep placement of nitrogen fertilizer improves yield, nitrogen use efficiency and economic returns of transplanted fine rice." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2: e0247529.
The effects of different land-use types on physicochemical properties and erodibility indices in suitable utilization of soil are the most important issue to be investigated. That’s why the current study was carried out to investigate changes in physical, chemical soil properties and erodibility indexes under different land-use types i.e., larch-fir forests, adjacent pasture, and riparian areas. Soil samples were collected from different land use in the Meydan Pond micro-basin. Five subsamples were taken at the 0–10 cm depth at five different sampling spots in each one of the three land-use systems (i.e., forest, pasture, and riparian areas). Results showed that silt content was around 38% higher in the forest soils over pasture and the riparian areas. Dispersion rate (80%) and erosion ratio (11%) were significantly higher in riparian areas over the pasture. In conclusion, pasture soils are resistant to erosion due to the higher amount of clay percentage (95%) and aggregation rate (38%) as compared to riparian areas that are more erodible. It is concluded that the river basin should be arranged according to the land capability classes’ principles to protect the soil's fertile layer from erosion to achieve the maximum productivity of crops.
Emre Babur; Ömer Süha Uslu; Martín Leonardo Battaglia; Andre Diatta; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Ghulam Sabir Hussain; Subhan Danish. Studying soil erosion by evaluating changes in physico-chemical properties of soils under different land-use types. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 2021, 20, 190 -197.
AMA StyleEmre Babur, Ömer Süha Uslu, Martín Leonardo Battaglia, Andre Diatta, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye, Ghulam Sabir Hussain, Subhan Danish. Studying soil erosion by evaluating changes in physico-chemical properties of soils under different land-use types. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences. 2021; 20 (3):190-197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmre Babur; Ömer Süha Uslu; Martín Leonardo Battaglia; Andre Diatta; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Ghulam Sabir Hussain; Subhan Danish. 2021. "Studying soil erosion by evaluating changes in physico-chemical properties of soils under different land-use types." Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 20, no. 3: 190-197.
The field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of applying urea with nitrification inhibitor (NI) (Nitrapyrine) alone or in combination with gibberellic acid (GA-K salt), on improving wheat yield and N-use efficiency at The University of Agriculture (34.1°ʹ21″ N, 71°28′5′E), Peshawar-Pakistan. There were five treatments with four replications: control (no urea), urea (150 kg N ha−1), urea + nitrapyrin (525 g ha−1), urea + GA-K salt (60 g ha−1), and urea + nitrapyrin + GA-K salt, respectively. Wheat plant biomass, grain yield and total N uptake were enhanced by 31, 37 and 44%, respectively, when urea was applied together with nitrapyrin and GA-K salt over control. In addition, 1000 grains weight, grain spike−1, and spike length were also significantly increased when urea was applied with both nitrapyrin + GA-K salt. In conclusion, use of urea with 525 g ha−1 nitrapyrin or 60 g ha−1 GA-K salt has the potential to enhance N-use efficiency and yield components of wheat yield.
Khadim Dawar; Umar Rahman; Syed Sartaj Alam; Mohammad Tariq; Aamir Khan; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Muhammad Noor. Nitrification Inhibitor and Plant Growth Regulators Improve Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation 2021, 1 -11.
AMA StyleKhadim Dawar, Umar Rahman, Syed Sartaj Alam, Mohammad Tariq, Aamir Khan, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Subhan Danish, Shah Saud, Muhammad Noor. Nitrification Inhibitor and Plant Growth Regulators Improve Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation. 2021; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhadim Dawar; Umar Rahman; Syed Sartaj Alam; Mohammad Tariq; Aamir Khan; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Muhammad Noor. 2021. "Nitrification Inhibitor and Plant Growth Regulators Improve Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency." Journal of Plant Growth Regulation , no. : 1-11.
Linseed is an important industrial crop cultivated for its edible seeds and fiber linen. Organic fertilizers have beneficial effects on soil properties and quality of crops. Therefore, we conducted two field experiments during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on soil fertility, yield and fiber quality of linseed varieties Roshni, BL1 and Chandni under low soil moisture conditions. We prepared organic fertilizers from seed cake of Eruca sativa, leaves of Moringa oleifera and chicken peat in various combinations by composting method. The various formulations of organic fertilizers included OF1(1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa), OF2 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa +1 kg chicken peat), OF3 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.5 kg chicken peat + 0.25 kg Moringa oliefera leaves) and OF4 (1 kg seed cake of Eruca sativa + 0.250 kg chicken peat + 0.5 kg Moringa oliefera leaves). Compositional analysis of organic fertilizers indicated that OF3 and OF4 had higher and may potentially sufficient quantities of NPK and organic matter. Both of these fertilizers significantly improved soil total N, available P, K, Zn and Fe contents. Growth response of linseed varieties to organic fertilizers was evaluated under water deficit stress (40% field capacity of soil) at tillering stage for one month. Water stress had significantly adverse effects on plant height, production of tillers per plant, leaf relative water content (LRWC), number of capsules per plant, thousand seed weight, total seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties. However, the application of OF3 and OF4 significantly enhanced plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight under water deficit stress. Water deficit stress also resulted in a significant increase in the content of phenolics of both the leaves and roots. For each measured quality parameter of linseed varieties, organic fertilizer treatments resulted in higher values than untreated and irrigated control. We concluded that organic fertilizers particularly OF3 and OF4 significantly improved soil fertility and minimized negative effect of water deficit stress on plant height, tillers production, LRWC, seed yield, straw yield, fiber length and fiber weight of linseed varieties.
Asif Ullah Khan; Faizan Ullah; Zalan Alam Khan; Sultan Mehmood; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Inam Irshad; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Ibrahim A. Alaraidh; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Naeem Khan; Shah Masud Khan; Ghulam Sabir Hussain. Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress. Sustainability 2020, 13, 59 .
AMA StyleAsif Ullah Khan, Faizan Ullah, Zalan Alam Khan, Sultan Mehmood, Shah Fahad, Rahul Datta, Inam Irshad, Subhan Danish, Shah Saud, Ibrahim A. Alaraidh, Hayssam M. Ali, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Naeem Khan, Shah Masud Khan, Ghulam Sabir Hussain. Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress. Sustainability. 2020; 13 (1):59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAsif Ullah Khan; Faizan Ullah; Zalan Alam Khan; Sultan Mehmood; Shah Fahad; Rahul Datta; Inam Irshad; Subhan Danish; Shah Saud; Ibrahim A. Alaraidh; Hayssam M. Ali; Manzer H. Siddiqui; Naeem Khan; Shah Masud Khan; Ghulam Sabir Hussain. 2020. "Production of Organic Fertilizers from Rocket Seed (Eruca sativa L.), Chicken Peat and Moringa oleifera Leaves for Growing Linseed under Water Deficit Stress." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 59.
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the major fiber crops. Its production is under threat due to scarcity of water resources under a changing climatic scenario. Limited water availability also decreases the uptake of phosphorus, and less uptake of phosphorus can deteriorate the quality attributes of cotton fiber. There is a need to introduce bio-organic amendments which can mitigate osmotic stress on a sustainable basis. Inoculation of rhizobacteria can play an imperative role in this regard. Rhizobacteria can not only improve the growth of roots but also enhance the availability of immobile phosphorus in soil. That is why the current experiment was conducted to explore and compare the efficacy of sole application of diammonium phosphate (DAP) over plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) coated DAP on growth and quality attributes of cotton under artificially induced osmotic stress at flowering stage. The impact of phosphorus levels was found to be significant on the plant height, leaf area, average boll weight, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, and seed cotton yield, while the irrigation effect was significant on all the parameters. The PGPR coated phosphorus performed better as compared to other treatments under normal irrigation and osmotic stress. Results showed that PGPR coated phosphorus increased by 29.47%, 21.01%, 41.11%, 32.73%, 15.63% and 22.89% plant height, average boll weight, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, fiber length, and seed cotton yield respectively. In conclusion, PGPR coated DAP can be helpful to get higher cotton productivity as compared to control and sole application of DAP under normal irrigation and osmotic stress.
Muhammad Majid; Muqarrab Ali; Khurram Shahzad; Fiaz Ahmad; Rao Ikram; Muhammad Ishtiaq; Ibrahim Alaraidh; Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi; Hayssam Ali; Tayebeh Zarei; Rahul Datta; Shah Fahad; Ayman El Sabagh; Ghulam Hussain; Mohamed Salem; Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman; Subhan Danish. Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10456 .
AMA StyleMuhammad Majid, Muqarrab Ali, Khurram Shahzad, Fiaz Ahmad, Rao Ikram, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Ibrahim Alaraidh, Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi, Hayssam Ali, Tayebeh Zarei, Rahul Datta, Shah Fahad, Ayman El Sabagh, Ghulam Hussain, Mohamed Salem, Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman, Subhan Danish. Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10456.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMuhammad Majid; Muqarrab Ali; Khurram Shahzad; Fiaz Ahmad; Rao Ikram; Muhammad Ishtiaq; Ibrahim Alaraidh; Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi; Hayssam Ali; Tayebeh Zarei; Rahul Datta; Shah Fahad; Ayman El Sabagh; Ghulam Hussain; Mohamed Salem; Muhammad Habib-Ur-Rahman; Subhan Danish. 2020. "Mitigation of Osmotic Stress in Cotton for the Improvement in Growth and Yield through Inoculation of Rhizobacteria and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria Coated Diammonium Phosphate." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10456.
Objective: Biochar and a commercial humic acid-rich product, Humac (modified leonardite), represent soil amendments with the broad and beneficial effects on various soil properties. Their combination has been scarcely tested so far, although the positive impact of their interaction might be desirable. Materials and Methods: The dehydrogenase activity (DHA), microbial biomass carbon (Cmic), soil respiration (basal and substrate-induced), enzyme activities, total carbon (Ctot), and both shoot and root biomass yield were measured and compared in the short-term pot experiment with the lettuce seedlings. The following treatments were tested: the unamended soil (control), the Humac-amended soil (0.8 g·kg−1), the biochar-amended soil (low biochar 32 g·kg−1, high biochar 80 g·kg−1), and the soil-amended with biochar + Humac. Results: The effect of both amendments on the soil pH was insignificant. The highest average values of Ctot and Cmic were detected in high biochar treatment and the highest average values of basal and substrate-induced respiration (glucose, glucosamine, alanine) were detected in the low biochar treatment. The phosphatase activity and fresh and dry lettuce aboveground biomass were the highest in the low biochar + Humac treatment. Conclusions: Even though the combination of both biochar + Humac decreased the microbial activities in the amended soil (Cmic, DHA, enzymes, substrate-induced respiration) at the low biochar dose, they mitigated the detrimental effect of the high biochar dose on respiration (all the types) and the enzyme (phosphatase, arylsulphatase) activities. In contrast to the previously published research in this issue, the effects could not be attributed to the change of the soil pH.
Jiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Rahul Datta; Tivadar Baltazar; Antonin Kintl; Oldrich Latal; Vaclav Pecina; Petr Sarec; Petr Novak; Ludmila Balakova; Subhan Danish; Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Shah Fahad; Martin Brtnicky. Humic Acid Mitigates the Negative Effects of High Rates of Biochar Application on Microbial Activity. Sustainability 2020, 12, 9524 .
AMA StyleJiri Holatko, Tereza Hammerschmiedt, Rahul Datta, Tivadar Baltazar, Antonin Kintl, Oldrich Latal, Vaclav Pecina, Petr Sarec, Petr Novak, Ludmila Balakova, Subhan Danish, Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye, Shah Fahad, Martin Brtnicky. Humic Acid Mitigates the Negative Effects of High Rates of Biochar Application on Microbial Activity. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (22):9524.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiri Holatko; Tereza Hammerschmiedt; Rahul Datta; Tivadar Baltazar; Antonin Kintl; Oldrich Latal; Vaclav Pecina; Petr Sarec; Petr Novak; Ludmila Balakova; Subhan Danish; Muhammad Zafar-Ul-Hye; Shah Fahad; Martin Brtnicky. 2020. "Humic Acid Mitigates the Negative Effects of High Rates of Biochar Application on Microbial Activity." Sustainability 12, no. 22: 9524.