Background and Objectives: Telemedicine has become an essential component of chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) care, yet the factors that shape patient satisfaction with remote consultations remain only partially understood. This study aimed to assess satisfaction with institutional telemedicine services among Italian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), and to identify sociodemographic, clinical and organisational predictors to inform more person-centred telehealth models. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, multi-centre, cross-sectional study in three IBD units in northern, central and southern Italy between June and October 2024. Consecutive adult patients who had completed a scheduled, non-emergency telemedicine visit were invited within 24–48 h to complete an online questionnaire including the Italian Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (I-TSQ), sociodemographic items, IBD-related variables, and telemedicine process indicators (accessibility, technology usability, technical support, time saved). Data were analysed descriptively and with multivariable linear regression to determine independent predictors of satisfaction, adjusting for recruiting centre. Results: A total of 705 patients participated (54.9% UC; 55.3% disease duration > 10 years). Overall, telemedicine satisfaction was high (mean I-TSQ total 57.5 ± 4.9; range 35–70), and all respondents reported reduced indirect costs compared with in-person visits. Greater ease of technology use, more frequent contact with the care team, male sex, older age, and employment were independently associated with higher satisfaction scores. Conversely, first-ever teleconsultations, CD, subcutaneous therapies, more difficult platform access, and the need for technical support were linked to lower satisfaction. Model fit was modest (R² up to 0.20), suggesting the presence of additional unmeasured relational and contextual factors. Conclusions: Telemedicine for IBD is widely accepted in Italy, but satisfaction is strongly conditioned by digital usability, previous experience, and clinical complexity. Tailored telehealth pathways that incorporate user-friendly platforms, proactive technical support, and attention to vulnerable subgroups are needed to translate high satisfaction into sustained, equitable remote care.

Aims: To examine the role of self‐efficacy in the relationship between medication adherence and self‐care behaviours in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease by describing their levels and exploring the interconnections among these variables. Design: Multicenter, cross‐sectional. Methods: A total of 452 patients were recruited through consecutive non‐probabilistic sampling across nine Italian outpatient Inflammatory Bowel Disease Units. Data were collected using validated tools: the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale‐8, the Self‐Care Self‐Efficacy Scale, and the Self‐Care of Chronic Illness Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and mediation analyses were performed to explore associations and the mediating role of self‐efficacy between medication adherence and self‐care behaviours. Results: Participants had a mean age of 43.49 years; 50.9% were male, 49.2% had Crohn's disease, and 50.8% had ulcerative colitis. Only 10.2% reported high medication adherence, while most showed medium or low adherence. The mean self‐efficacy score was 74.82. Medication adherence was positively associated with self‐care maintenance, and self‐efficacy statistically accounted for part of this association. Lower levels were observed in self‐care monitoring and management behaviours. Conclusions: Medication adherence was positively associated with self‐care maintenance, and self‐efficacy partially explained this relationship. Implications for Clinical Practice: Routine assessment of medication adherence and self‐efficacy may help identify patients at risk of poor self‐care. Interventions aimed at strengthening self‐efficacy, such as motivational interviewing, nurse‐led counselling, and digital monitoring tools, may improve adherence and self‐care maintenance. Impact: The study addressed low medication adherence and suboptimal self‐care in patients with IBD. Findings support integrating self‐efficacy‐enhancing strategies into multidisciplinary care to improve adherence and self‐care behaviours. Patient or Public Contribution: Patients completed validated self‐report questionnaires; however, they were not involved in the study design, conduct, analysis, or manuscript preparation.

Self-care is increasingly recognized as a key determinant of outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet its relationship with medication adherence remains inconsistently mapped. This scoping review aimed to explore how self-care-related constructs, including self-efficacy and patient activation are associated with medication adherence. A scoping review was conducted according to Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched using terms related to IBD, self-care or self-management, including self-efficacy, patient activation and medication adherence. Primary studies involving adult outpatients were included. Study selection and data charting were performed by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved through discussion with a third supervisor. The search identified 699 records; after removing 164 duplicates, 535 records were screened. Eleven full texts were assessed, and five studies were included. Evidence was heterogeneous and included interventional and observational designs. Interventions supporting self-management, such as nurse-led counselling and practical tools, were associated with improved adherence. Telemedicine monitoring improved patient activation but not self-efficacy. Observational evidence suggested that higher self-efficacy and lower regimen complexity were associated with better adherence. Available evidence suggests that self-care-related constructs, particularly self-efficacy and patient activation, may be associated with medication adherence in IBD outpatients. However, the literature remains limited and heterogeneous. Further theory-informed and adequately powered studies are needed.

Introduction. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is substantially impaired in individuals living with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although self-care is considered a key component of chronic disease management, the specific contributions of different self-care dimensions to physical and mental HRQoL remain poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between self-care behaviours and HRQoL in patients with IBD. Methods. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 adult patients with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis recruited from outpatient IBD centres in Italy. Self-care was assessed using the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory (SC-CII), and HRQoL was measured using the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) adjusted through Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)-informed confounding control were used to investigate linear and nonlinear associations between self-care dimensions and HRQoL. Results. Self-care monitoring showed the highest mean score, whereas self-care maintenance and management were below the established adequacy threshold. No significant associations emerged between self-care dimensions and mental HRQoL. A weak nonlinear association was observed between self-care management and physical HRQoL, suggesting that higher management behaviours may reflect increased disease burden rather than better health status. Overall model fit was limited (adjusted R² = 0.024 for PCS-12 and −0.002 for MCS-12), indicating that self-care explained only a small proportion of HRQoL variability. Discussion. The findings suggest that self-care behaviours alone may not fully explain variations in HRQoL among patients with IBD. Physical and mental well-being appear to be influenced by a complex interplay of clinical, psychological, and behavioural factors. Future longitudinal studies should explore the role of psychosocial determinants and causal pathways linking self-care and quality of life.