Recently, with concern for the environment and the request for sustainable materials, more researchers and manufacturers have focused on the substitute solution of synthetic fiber reinforcement composites in industry applications. Green hybrid composites with natural components can present excellent sustainability, possess superior mechanical behavior, and reduce hazards. Hybridization technology allows new materials to inherit their raw materials’ characteristics and generate new properties. The current study designed novel double-walled shell structures (DS1R4L, DS2R8L, and DS5R12L), containing two thin walls and different numbers of ring and longitudinal stiffeners, as unmanned maritime vehicle (UMV) components. A normal single-walled cylindrical shell was used as a control. These models will be made of hybrid kenaf/flax/glass-fiber-reinforced composites, GKFKG and GFKFG, created in the ANSYS Workbench. The mechanical responses (deformation, stress, and strain characteristics) of models were examined under three loading conditions (end force, end torque, and hydrostatic pressure) to evaluate the influence of both material change and structural configuration. Compared to the single-walled structure, the double-walled configurations display minimized deflection and torsional angle. Moreover, GKFKG-made structures are better than GFKFG-made ones. The research contributes positively to advancing the application of hybrid kenaf/flax/glass-fiber-reinforced composites in UMV structures and promotes the development of green sustainable materials.

This research establishes indicators for Memorable Wildlife Tourism Experiences at Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in Sandakan, Sabah. It will outline vital factors leading to memorable experiences and provide measures of the relationship between visitor loyalty and wildlife dimensions. Data collection was conducted using a structured questionnaire based on a Likert scale, and after viewing the orangutan, 18 items measuring components of memorable wildlife tourism experiences were assessed. The 18 dimensions included hedonism, refreshment, knowledge, novelty, local culture, meaningfulness, involvement, visitor loyalty, relaxing, stimulation, adverse feeling, happiness, challenge, service assessment, value assessment, unexpected happenings, planning, and wildlife tourism. It is proposed that descriptive statistics will be used to analyse the data with a focus on significant indicators of memorable wildlife tourism experiences. The results will provide valuable information to SORC management that will inform improvements to the visitor experience, foster visitor loyalty, and hopefully, be beneficial for orangutan conservation. The findings of this research will help direct SORC management and similar organisations towards creating impactful and sustainable wildlife tourism experiences.