Veronica Castagnola

Dr. Veronica Castagnola


Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

1Year (2026-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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5 February 2026 in Life
Verified
Journal Article
Open access
PDF file
GMGiuliana Martino
Giuliana Martino
Francesca TintiFrancesca Tinti
Francesca Tinti
Marco Alfonso PerroneMarco Alfonso Perrone
Marco Alfonso Perrone
SCStefano Condò
Stefano Condò
VCVeronica Castagnola
Veronica Castagnola
AMAnna Paola Mitterhofer
Anna Paola Mitterhofer
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a systemic syndrome capable of inducing remote organ dysfunction. Kidney–lung crosstalk is a form of interorgan communication in acute nephrology, with the heart acting as a pivotal intermediary. Emerging evidence supports the involvement of a gut–lung–kidney axis. Complement activation in these multiorgan crosstalk has emerged as a central amplifier of multiorgan damage. We reviewed the literature on kidney–lung interactions and complement activation in AKI through a bibliographic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Most available data derive from experimental studies or intensive care unit (ICU) populations, often reported in reviews. We further report our real-world experience in a non-ICU nephrology setting, including 186 consecutive patients with AKI. Pulmonary involvement was present at hospital admission in 118 patients (63%). AKI stage 1 was observed in 20/118 patients (17%) with pulmonary involvement compared with 18/68 patients (27%) without pulmonary involvement (p < 0.001). In conclusion, AKI should be regarded as a systemic disease from its earliest stages. Kidney–lung interactions are clinically relevant even in mild AKI and outside critical care settings, underscoring the need for integrated organ assessment in routine nephrology practice. This review integrates complement activation as a central amplifier of kidney–lung crosstalk and multiorgan dysfunction, bridging experimental evidence with real-world observations from a non-critical care AKI population. By focusing on early AKI stages and the timing of pulmonary involvement, we highlight AKI as an active driver of systemic organ interactions rather than a late consequence of critical illness.