За часи незалежності України постійно відбувалась трансформація та еволюція підходів до просторового планування, однак дослідження цього процесу дозволило визначити три, відносно завершені в часовому вимірі, вагомі етапи: 1991-2000рр.; 2000-2011рр.; 2011-2021рр. Четвертий етап починає свій відлік з 2022року. В статті розглянуті передумови трансформації підходів до просторового планування на місцевому рівні на кожному з етапів.

Land use regulation is one of the most important state tasks and is aimed to ensuring the sustainable development of settlements. One of the mechanisms to solve this task is land use limitations establishment by restricted the possibility to carry out some activities, on certain territories or separate land plots, which would lead to negative ecological and social consequences. Such activity is becoming more and more urgent in the face of increasing ecological problems. Land use limitations could be considering in different areas. On one hand, the feasibility of land use is governing by the methods of spatial planning, based on natural and anthropogenic conditions. On the other hand, land use limitations are the result of location of object is which could be either source of negative influence or the object is requiring being protected (mode-forming objects). The aim of the article is to determine the impact of land use limitations on the various components of society, taking into account the environmental, economic and social components of sustainable development. Environmental and socioeconomic impact of land use limitations formation on the example of limitations caused by the activity of a mode-forming object are described in the study. The results of the study illustrate that the establishment of limitations on the land use can solve mainly environmental and social problems.

Проведений аналіз різноманітності обмежень щодо використання земель, проведено їх агрегацію та структуризацію за різними ознаками з урахуванням правових, просторових, соціальних, економічних та екологічних аспектів. Під час дослідження використовувалися методи аналізу та синтезу, порівняння та системні методи. Запропоновано класифікацію обмежень землекористування в залежності від різних класифікаційних ознак, які визначають складність їх встановлення і подальшого дотримання населенням. Результати дослідження ілюструють необхідність подальшого визначення впливу обмежень на соціальні, економічні на екологічні аспекти розвитку територій.

Aim of the study: The development of land relations in Ukraine towards European integration requires the identification of all interested parties involved in the management of land resources and nature use. Since all existing directions of land use, as one of the main components of natural...

Reliable assessment of bridge technical condition is a key challenge in infrastructure management due to uncertainty, subjectivity, and heterogeneity inherent in inspection-based data. Traditional deterministic evaluation methods often fail to capture the gradual nature of structural deterioration and the complex interactions between bridge components. This study proposes a hybrid methodology that integrates fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to quantify the overall technical condition of bridge structures using long-term inspection data. A comprehensive dataset, derived from real bridge inspection reports collected over more than 15 years across various regions of Ukraine, served as the basis for model development. Five key input parameters—substructure condition, superstructure condition, deck condition, overall structural condition, and channel and channel protection condition—were employed to compute an integrated Bridge Condition Assessment indicator using a Mamdani-type fuzzy inference system. The resulting fuzzy-based indicator was subsequently used as the target variable for training ANN models. To ensure optimal predictive performance and training stability, Bayesian Optimization was applied for systematic hyperparameter tuning. Model performance was evaluated using standard regression metrics, including MSE, MAE, MAPE, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The results demonstrate that the proposed approach enables accurate approximation of the fuzzy-based Bridge Condition Assessment indicator, with MAPE values as low as 0.2% and R² exceeding 0.982 for the best-performing model. The hybrid framework effectively combines interpretability and scalability, providing a decision-support framework based on fuzzy logic and surrogate modeling for automated fuzzy-based bridge condition assessment, maintenance prioritization, and integration into digital asset management systems.