University education is still being impacted two years after the COVID-19 outbreak. We performed a rapid survey in February 2022 at two public universities in Vietnam to examine the effects of the pandemic on well-being and the factors that may associate with online class preference among university students as well as to investigate the need for support to improve resilience. A web-based survey included 1589 undergraduate students in total. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis was carried out. Overall, approximately a quarter of respondents said that they perceived an influence on their health, 42.9% expressed stress, and more than 70% reported worrying about the future. In total, 61.9% of the respondents reported having satisfaction with online classes, while over half of them preferred a program of 50% online classes. Students who live in an urban area, are female, have had pre-COVID-19 campus life experience, have decreased income, and/or experience low online satisfaction and over-information may be in need of more support. The results show implications for universities to consider policies addressing well-being and post-pandemic online education. Providing support to university students to improve their resilience against the impact on their studying, campus life, health, and well-being should be prioritized during and post-pandemic.

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the substitution of fishmeal by black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) meal on growth performance, survival rate, feed utilization and meat quality of loach fish. Methods: The experimental fish, weighing between 3 g and 8 g, were randomly assigned to one of four groups, treated with 0% (CG), 10% (TG1), 30% (TG2) and 50% (TG3) BSFL-substituted fishmeal. Result: The growth performance in terms of length and weight was significantly higher in the TG1 and TG2 compared to the other groups. We also confirmed a positive correlation between the length (x) and weight (y) of loach fish. Regarding the quality of meat, TG1 exhibited the highest amino acid content at 18.52%. However, survival rate and feed utilization across all treatments showed no significant differences.

The rising scarcity and cost of fishmeal due to overfishing and environmental challenges demand alternatives. Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) meal, with its nutritional value, shows promise as a sustainable supplement for aquaculture species. This study evaluated the effects of BSFL meal supplementation on growth performance, survival, feed conversion efficiency, and meat quality in juvenile swamp eels (Monopterus albus) initially weighing 4.0 ± 0.5 g. The eels were fed diets with 0% (control), 10%, 30%, and 50% BSFL meal for three months. Growth performance was assessed using the absolute growth rate (AGR) and the specific growth rate (SGR). Feed conversion ratios (FCRs), survival rates, and meat quality metrics, including fillet percentage, crude protein, and moisture content, were analyzed. Statistical differences among groups were evaluated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for pairwise comparisons. The 30% BSFL group exhibited superior performance, achieving the highest AGR and SGR (p < 0.05) and the lowest FCR (2.33 ± 0.03). Fillet percentage was highest in this group (27.3% ± 0.7%), with no significant differences in crude protein or moisture content. Survival rates were consistent across treatments (75.2–76.0%, p > 0.05). These results confirm that 30% BSFL supplementation optimally enhances productivity and meat quality in swamp eels, highlighting BSFL meal’s potential as a sustainable aquafeed alternative.

In this study, we investigated the effects of donor cell on the efficiency of producing cloned Ỉ pigs, an endangered Vietnamese breed. Cloned Ỉ pig embryos were generated using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology (SCNT). The results demonstrated that pregnancy, farrowing, and piglet production rates of Ỉ pig fibroblasts (ID:6004) at the 5th and 6th passages were significantly higher compared with those observed at the 4th and 7th passages. Under the conditions of this study, no significant effect of donor cell sex or cell lines on the efficiency of cloned Ỉ pig embryo transfer was observed. The pregnancy, farrowing, and piglet production rates did not differ significantly between donor cell groups of male and female origin (p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant differences were observed in pregnancy rates, farrowing outcomes, or one-week survival of live cloned piglets among the three donor cell lines (IDs: 6004, 9154, and 9157) (p > 0.05). These findings contribute to improving the efficiency of the somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) technique in efforts to conserve the critically endangered Vietnamese Ỉ pig.

In this study, we investigated the effect of donor cell passage number, lineage, and sex on the efficiency of cloned embryo transfer in the endangered Vietnamese Ỉ pig. Cloned Ỉ pig embryos were generated using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology. In Experiment 1, Ỉ pig fibroblasts (ID:6004) at the 5^th and 6^th passages resulted in significantly higher pregnancy, farrowing, and piglet production rates compared with those at the 4^th and 7^th passages. In Experiment 2, pregnancy, farrowing, and piglet production rates did not differ significantly between donor cell groups of male and female origin (P > 0.05). Among cloned Ỉ piglets that died within the first week postpartum, the number of female piglets was marginally higher (1/4 vs 0/4, P > 0.05). In Experiment 3, statistical analyses revealed no significant differences in pregnancy rates, farrowing outcomes, or one-week survival of live cloned piglets across the three donor cell lines (IDs: 6004, 9154, and 9157) (P > 0.05). These findings demonstrate that donor cell passage number is a critical factor influencing the efficiency of cloned Ỉ pig embryo transfer, whereas donor cell sex and cell line identity exert no significant effect.

The rapid accumulation of fruit and vegetable waste and oyster shell residues presents increasing environmental challenges, particularly in regions with intensive agricultural and aquaculture production. This study evaluated the use of oyster shell powder as a calcium-based buffering additive to stabilize acidic fruit and vegetable waste during rearing of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL, Hermetia illucens). Five substrates containing 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% oyster shell powder (fresh weight basis) were prepared and used for larval rearing under controlled conditions for 12 days. Substrate pH dynamics, larval growth performance, substrate utilization efficiency, and nutritional composition of larval biomass were assessed. Oyster shell supplementation significantly increased substrate pH in a dose-dependent manner, shifting the substrate from strongly acidic conditions toward the range favorable for larval development. Moderate supplementation levels (2–4%) resulted in the highest larval biomass, survival rate, dry matter reduction, and bioconversion efficiency, whereas excessive supplementation reduced performance. Protein content increased at moderate supplementation levels, while lipid content decreased with higher oyster shell inclusion. Calcium concentration in larval biomass increased proportionally with supplementation, whereas essential amino acid composition remained stable. These results demonstrate that oyster shell powder can be used as an effective buffering material to improve the stability of acidic organic waste substrates and enhance BSFL-based bioconversion. The combined utilization of fruit and vegetable waste and oyster shell residues represents a practical approach for integrated waste valorization and supports the development of circular bioeconomy strategies for sustainable protein production.