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The vertical distribution of plant roots is a comprehensive result of plant adaptation to the environment. Limited knowledge on fine vertical root distributions and complex interactions between roots and environmental variables hinders our ability to reliably predict climatic impacts on vegetation dynamics. This study attempts to understand the drought adaptability of plants in arid areas from the perspective of the relationship between vertical root distribution and surroundings. By analyzing root profiles compiled from published studies, the root vertical profiles of two typical phreatophytes, Tamarix ramosissima and Populus euphratica, and their relationships with environmental factors were investigated. A conceptual model was adopted to link the parameter distribution frequency with plant drought adaptability. The strong hydrotropism (groundwater-dependent) and flexible water use strategy of T. ramosissima and P. euphratica help both species survive in hyperarid climates. The differences in the developmental environments between T. ramosissima and P. euphratica can be explained well by the different distribution characteristics of root profiles. That is, higher root plasticity helps T. ramosissima develop a more efficient water use strategy and therefore survive in more diverse climatic and soil conditions than P. euphratica. We conclude that the higher variation in root profile characteristics of phreatophytes can have greater root adaptability to the surroundings and thus wider hydrological niches and stronger ecological resilience. The inadequacy of models in describing root plasticity limits the accuracy of predicting the future response of vegetation to climate change, which calls for developing process-based dynamic root schemes in Earth system models.
Tian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Ze-Lin Wang; Guo-Yue Niu; Jing-Jie Yu; Ning Ma; Ze-Ning Wu; Sergey P Pozdniakov; Deng-Hua Yan. Drought adaptability of phreatophytes: Insight from vertical root distribution in drylands of China. Journal of Plant Ecology 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleTian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Ze-Lin Wang, Guo-Yue Niu, Jing-Jie Yu, Ning Ma, Ze-Ning Wu, Sergey P Pozdniakov, Deng-Hua Yan. Drought adaptability of phreatophytes: Insight from vertical root distribution in drylands of China. Journal of Plant Ecology. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Ze-Lin Wang; Guo-Yue Niu; Jing-Jie Yu; Ning Ma; Ze-Ning Wu; Sergey P Pozdniakov; Deng-Hua Yan. 2021. "Drought adaptability of phreatophytes: Insight from vertical root distribution in drylands of China." Journal of Plant Ecology , no. : 1.
Widespread climate warming and growing season greening have been observed across most of the Northern Hemisphere in recent decades. However, the response of greening to amplified warming remains unclear with regard to the temporal effects (cumulative and time-lag effects) in cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere. We therefore provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and climate factors (e.g., land surface temperature (LST), precipitation, and solar radiation) across Siberia, which is experiencing rapid warming and greening, during 2000–2016 by using a random forest regression model. We found that solar radiation was the dominant driving factor of vegetation greening in 55.95% of the study area (concentrated in southwest Siberia), followed by temperature (41.28%, concentrated in northeast Siberia) and precipitation (2.78%). Furthermore, the cumulative and time-lag effects increased the explanation of vegetation variation by climate factors, from 0.71 to 0.78, and were observed in more than 80% of the area of Siberia. The average cumulative duration was 3.61 ± 1.97 months, and the time-lag period was 1.51 ± 1.20 months, with the longest term found in deciduous broadleaf forests and the shortest term found in shrublands. Our results indicated that the vegetation activities were influenced by cumulative effects combined with time-lag effects. The temporal effects varied with land cover categories, and the complex ecosystem generally corresponded to long-term temporal effects, and vice versa. Hence, the tundra shrub converted to boreal forest caused by warming in Siberia enhanced the climate temporal effects.
Shangyu Shi; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Jingjie Yu. Warming enhanced the climate temporal effects on vegetation across Siberia. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleShangyu Shi, Ping Wang, Yichi Zhang, Jingjie Yu. Warming enhanced the climate temporal effects on vegetation across Siberia. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShangyu Shi; Ping Wang; Yichi Zhang; Jingjie Yu. 2021. "Warming enhanced the climate temporal effects on vegetation across Siberia." , no. : 1.
As an inland groundwater-fed oasis in northwest China, the Dunhuang West Lake Wetland (DWLW) has been threatened by decreasing groundwater recharge over the past several decades. Understanding recharging processes for DWLW is a key step for better protection of the oasis, but poorly studied. To this end, we carried out a comprehensive water chemistry and isotope sampling and analysis, by taking the oasis and its water sources as a complete system to reveal the oasis water recharging mechanism and flow paths. Water samples, including mountain snowmelt water, river water, groundwater, spring and lake water, were collected within and around the DWLW, and their environmental isotopes (δ18O and δD) and water chemistry were analysed. Results showed that the stable isotope values exhibited strong spatial variations, ranging from −90.69‰ to −42.45‰ for δD and from −13.81‰ to −2.90‰ for δ18O. The isotope values were extremely depleted for snowmelt water, followed by river water, groundwater, spring water, and were most enriched in lake water. The difference in isotopic values from the different water bodies indicates that seasonal rivers primarily originate from the snowmelt water in the adjacent mountains, discharge into the aquifer through infiltration, then groundwater rises up by forms of springs to the lake oases, the river and groundwater interacted frequently, causing significant changes in solute in different positions. The ion concentrations accumulated continuously along the flow path, the total dissolved solid content varied from 416 mg/L in river water to 20360 mg/L in lake water, and the dominant anion facies changed systematically from HCO3- to SO42- then Cl-. The ionic ration plot, chlor-alkali index and saturation index demonstrated that dissolution of minerals plays a major role in the change in chemical composition, and other processes such as carbonate precipitation associated with cation exchange reaction also influence the chemical composition. Our results are helpful for understanding the hydrological and hydrochemical processes in arid groundwater-fed oases, and can be also useful for rational management and assessment of regional-scale groundwater resources in oases.
Hui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Yonghua Li. Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes. Journal of Hydrology 2021, 597, 126154 .
AMA StyleHui Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang, Yonghua Li. Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes. Journal of Hydrology. 2021; 597 ():126154.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Yonghua Li. 2021. "Groundwater-fed oasis in arid Northwest China: Insights into hydrological and hydrochemical processes." Journal of Hydrology 597, no. : 126154.
Despite the increasing Siberian river discharge, the sensitivity of streamflow to climate forcing/permafrost thawing is poorly quantified. Based on the Budyko framework and superposition principles, we detected and attributed the changes in streamflow regimes for the three great Siberian rivers (Ob, Yenisei, and Lena) during 1936-2019. Over the past 84 years, streamflow of Ob, Yenisei and Lena has increased by ~7.7%, 7.4% and 22.0%, respectively. Intensified precipitation induced by a warming climate is a major contributor to increased annual streamflow. However, winter streamflow appears to be particularly sensitive to temperature. Whilst rising temperature can reduce streamflow via evapotranspiration, it can enhance groundwater discharge to rivers due to permafrost thawing. Currently, every 1 ℃ rise in temperature likely leads to 6.1%-10.5% increase in groundwater discharge, depending on the permafrost condition. For permafrost-developed basins, the contribution to increased streamflow from thawing permafrost will continue to increase in the context of global warming.
Ping Wang; Qiwei Huang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Shiqi Liu; Ning Ma; Tianye Wang; Yongqiang Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Jiaxin Xie; Guobin Fu; Natalia L. Frolova; Changming Liu. Potential role of permafrost thaw on increasing Siberian river discharge. Environmental Research Letters 2021, 16, 034046 .
AMA StylePing Wang, Qiwei Huang, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Shiqi Liu, Ning Ma, Tianye Wang, Yongqiang Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Jiaxin Xie, Guobin Fu, Natalia L. Frolova, Changming Liu. Potential role of permafrost thaw on increasing Siberian river discharge. Environmental Research Letters. 2021; 16 (3):034046.
Chicago/Turabian StylePing Wang; Qiwei Huang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Shiqi Liu; Ning Ma; Tianye Wang; Yongqiang Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Jiaxin Xie; Guobin Fu; Natalia L. Frolova; Changming Liu. 2021. "Potential role of permafrost thaw on increasing Siberian river discharge." Environmental Research Letters 16, no. 3: 034046.
Increasing water scarcity has made it difficult to meet global water demands, so the sustainable use of water resources is an important issue. In this study, the sustainable water resource system (SWRS) operating mechanism is discussed, considering three components: dynamics, resistance and coordination. According to the SWRS operating mechanism, a universal indicator system with three layers, including goal, criterion, and index layers, is constructed for SWRS evaluation. Additionally, considering the fuzziness of threshold values for grading standards, an SWRS evaluation model is constructed based on the set pair analysis (SPA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and attribute interval recognition methods. This model is conceptually simple and convenient. An evaluation indicator system is constructed for the SWRS in Beijing, and evaluation standards with five grades are established. The dynamics of the sustainability of the Beijing SWRS and corresponding operating mechanism are analyzed using the SPA evaluation model. The results suggest that the three components of the operating mechanism all have positive effects on the Beijing SWRS state, but the SWRS state has not yet been fundamentally changed. Therefore, considerable improvements can be achieved regarding the sustainability of the Beijing SWRS.
Chaoyang Du. Dynamic Evaluation of Sustainable Water Resource Systems in Metropolitan Areas: A Case Study of the Beijing Megacity. Water 2020, 12, 2629 .
AMA StyleChaoyang Du. Dynamic Evaluation of Sustainable Water Resource Systems in Metropolitan Areas: A Case Study of the Beijing Megacity. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2629.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoyang Du. 2020. "Dynamic Evaluation of Sustainable Water Resource Systems in Metropolitan Areas: A Case Study of the Beijing Megacity." Water 12, no. 9: 2629.
Groundwater is critical for supporting socioeconomic development but has experienced gradual decreases in recent decades due to rapid population growth and economic development throughout the world. In recent years, the utilization of transboundary groundwater resources has received extensive attention globally. Because transboundary aquifers do not follow borders and are concealed, neighboring countries are prone to experiencing conflicts over the use of these transboundary groundwater resources. Therefore, an accurate and comprehensive assessment of the development potential of groundwater resources in these transboundary aquifers is necessary for the rational and fair use of those groundwater resources. Transboundary groundwater resources are an important water source for life, production, and ecological water use in Central Asia, which has a distinctive continental arid and semi-arid climate, and surface water resources in this region are relatively scarce. Considering the existing problems related to the utilization of groundwater resources in the transboundary aquifers in this region, we propose developing strategies for on-demand water abstraction, enhancing the ecological protection of transboundary aquifers, and strengthening international cooperation. This paper summarizes the distribution of 34 transboundary aquifers in Central Asia and analyzes the status and potential of groundwater resource uses in these transboundary aquifers.
Yu Liu; Ping Wang; Hongwei Ruan; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yanpei Cheng; Rashid Kulmatov. Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives. Water 2020, 12, 2101 .
AMA StyleYu Liu, Ping Wang, Hongwei Ruan, Tianye Wang, Jingjie Yu, Yanpei Cheng, Rashid Kulmatov. Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives. Water. 2020; 12 (8):2101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu Liu; Ping Wang; Hongwei Ruan; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Yanpei Cheng; Rashid Kulmatov. 2020. "Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives." Water 12, no. 8: 2101.
The main purpose of this work is to evaluate diffuse groundwater recharge and its temporal dynamics at sites with different landscapes and soil profiles under observed and projected climate variability. Three typical sites with different landscapes and topsoil profiles were chosen for the field study. Field work consisted of pit development and soil sample collection for laboratory study using the centrifuge method. Soil hydraulic parameters were obtained by the RETC code using the observed values of volumetric water content vs. pressure head. HYDRUS-1D code was used to estimate groundwater recharge based on a 70-year (1945 to 2015) meteorological dataset with daily resolution (including values of precipitation, air temperature, wind speed, and humidity). This dataset was preprocessed using our SURFBAL code to calculate the surface and topsoil water and energy balance. Retrospective historical simulation results showed that there was a considerable variation in the mean annual groundwater recharge values (49 – 104 mm/year) for the three studied profiles. The temporal change in groundwater recharge occurred relatively synchronously at all sites and was governed by the change in the current annual aridity index. The results of this historical simulation did not reveal any traces of climate change in the groundwater recharge of the studied region in the last 30-40 years. To predict the recharge variations in the second half of the 21st century, the LARSWG forecast weather generator with the climate projections of the 5th General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) family was used. On average in the case of climate development under the maximum greenhouse gas emissions RCP8.5 scenario, there will be a reduction in groundwater recharge in the studied region in 2060-2080, caused by two factors: change of aridity index, which determines evapotranspiration during a warm season and the accumulation of snow and subsequent meltwater infiltration during the snowmelt periods.
Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Peter Yu. Vasilevsky; Sergey O. Grinevskiy; Vladimir A. Lekhov; Nikolay E. Sizov; Ping Wang. Variability in spatial–temporal recharge under the observed and projected climate: A site-specific simulation in the black soil region of Russia. Journal of Hydrology 2020, 590, 125247 .
AMA StyleSergey P. Pozdniakov, Peter Yu. Vasilevsky, Sergey O. Grinevskiy, Vladimir A. Lekhov, Nikolay E. Sizov, Ping Wang. Variability in spatial–temporal recharge under the observed and projected climate: A site-specific simulation in the black soil region of Russia. Journal of Hydrology. 2020; 590 ():125247.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergey P. Pozdniakov; Peter Yu. Vasilevsky; Sergey O. Grinevskiy; Vladimir A. Lekhov; Nikolay E. Sizov; Ping Wang. 2020. "Variability in spatial–temporal recharge under the observed and projected climate: A site-specific simulation in the black soil region of Russia." Journal of Hydrology 590, no. : 125247.
Despite the significance of river leakage to riparian ecosystems in arid/semi-arid regions, a true understanding and the accurate quantification of the leakage processes of ephemeral rivers in these regions remain elusive. In this study, the patterns of river infiltration and the associated controlling factors in an approximately 150-km section of the Donghe River (lower Heihe River, China) were revealed using a combination of field investigations and modelling techniques. The results showed that from 21 April 2010 to 7 September 2012, river water leakage accounted for 33% of the total river runoff in the simulated segments. A sensitivity analysis showed that the simulated infiltration rates were most sensitive to the aquifer hydraulic conductivity and the maximum evapotranspiration (ET) rate. However, the river leakage rate, i.e., the ratio of the leakage volume to the total runoff volume, of a single runoff event relies heavily on the total runoff volume and river flow rate. In addition to the hydraulic parameters of riverbeds, the characteristics of ET parameters are equally important for quantifying the flux exchange between arid ephemeral streams and underlying aquifers. Coupled surface/groundwater models, which aim to estimate river leakage, should consider riparian zones because these areas play a dominant role in the formation of leakage from the river for recharging via ET. The results of this paper can be used as a reference for water resource planning and management in regulated river basins to help maintain riparian ecosystems in arid regions.
Leilei Min; Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy; Ping Wang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Jingjie Yu. Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams. Water 2020, 12, 499 .
AMA StyleLeilei Min, Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy, Ping Wang, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Jingjie Yu. Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams. Water. 2020; 12 (2):499.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeilei Min; Peter Yu. Vasilevskiy; Ping Wang; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Jingjie Yu. 2020. "Numerical Approaches for Estimating Daily River Leakage from Arid Ephemeral Streams." Water 12, no. 2: 499.
Traditional water retention models that use the residual water content parameter fail to accurately describe the dry end of the soil water retention curve (SWRC). We developed two- and three-segment smooth, continuous SWRC models, acknowledging the existence of three saturation states, for water contents ranging from saturation to oven-dryness. The equations near the oven dryness end in both models were obtained based on the assumption of proportionality between the soil water content and the logarithm of suction. The equations in the wet range for both models were modified from the van Genuchten model and/or Brook-Corey model(s) by removing the residual water content parameter. The continuity and smoothness conditions at the junction points reduced the fitting parameters of the three- and two- segment models from 9 to 4 and from 6 to 3, respectively. Both models were tested with water retention data from the Washington soil database and the Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Database (UNSODA) over nearly the entire range. Both models were also compared with seven existing SWRC models and were evaluated on the basis of the adjusted coefficient of determination (adj R2), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the Kashyap information criteria (KIC). The testing results showed that the three-segment model performed better than the two-segment model at fitting the SWRC at the dry end. For the three-segment model, the adj R2 value was greater than 0.90, the RMSE was less than 0.02, and the mean KIC value was −67.0, and these values were superior to those of the other models. In addition, the three-segment model was robust and stable for extrapolation of values in the dry range when data near the dry end were unavailable.
Chaoyang Du. A novel segmental model to describe the complete soil water retention curve from saturation to oven dryness. Journal of Hydrology 2020, 584, 124649 .
AMA StyleChaoyang Du. A novel segmental model to describe the complete soil water retention curve from saturation to oven dryness. Journal of Hydrology. 2020; 584 ():124649.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoyang Du. 2020. "A novel segmental model to describe the complete soil water retention curve from saturation to oven dryness." Journal of Hydrology 584, no. : 124649.
Water scarcity and ecological degradation as a result of the expansion of irrigated agriculture in arid regions have become global issues. A better understanding of the changes in crop water requirements (CWRs) is important for promoting sustainable development, particularly the water resource management of transboundary rivers. In this study, the latest and complete meteorological station and crop area data, the CropWat model, and the slope method were used to estimate the CWR in the Syr Darya Basin (SDB) of Central Asia from 2000 to 2018. The spatiotemporal variation of the water requirements for primary crops at the city scale was first assessed. The impacts of climate and cultivated land change on the CWR were quantified, and the associated impacts of the CWR on the water resources and environment were discussed. The results revealed that the mean unit area CWR of the SDB was 944.1 mm and the rate of increase was 7.6 mm/a from 2000 to 2018. The area of the primary crops expanded by 5851.6 km2, and the total CWR increased at a mean rate of 2.0 × 108 m3/a, with the majority of this change being concentrated between 2010 and 2018. By 2018, the total CWR reached 194.8 × 108 m3. The lower reaches of the SDB were associated with a high CWR and a high rate of increase. Along with the reduction in basin water resources, the increased CWR has exacerbated the water stress in the SDB. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the dominant factors influencing the change in the CWR are cultivated land change (65.0%) and climate change (35.0%). Owing to a reasonable crop planting structure, the middle reaches maintained a relatively low CWR and rate of increase. Given the predicted changes in climate, optimizing crop planting structure and controlling the expansion of cultivated land in order to reduce the CWR can help to mitigate water scarcity.
Hongwei Ruan; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang. Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 713, 136585 .
AMA StyleHongwei Ruan, Jingjie Yu, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang. Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 713 ():136585.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHongwei Ruan; Jingjie Yu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang. 2020. "Increased crop water requirements have exacerbated water stress in the arid transboundary rivers of Central Asia." Science of The Total Environment 713, no. : 136585.
Guan Wang; Hanru Chen; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Changming Liu; Linsheng Yang. Surface runoff changes and their causes in the Russian pan-Arctic Region. 资源科学 2020, 42, 346 -357.
AMA StyleGuan Wang, Hanru Chen, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang, Jingjie Yu, Changming Liu, Linsheng Yang. Surface runoff changes and their causes in the Russian pan-Arctic Region. 资源科学. 2020; 42 (2):346-357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuan Wang; Hanru Chen; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Changming Liu; Linsheng Yang. 2020. "Surface runoff changes and their causes in the Russian pan-Arctic Region." 资源科学 42, no. 2: 346-357.
Qiwei Huang; Shiqi Liu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Xiaolong Chen; Linsheng Yang. Spatiotemporal variability of temperature and precipitation in typical Pan-Arctic basins, 1936-2018. 资源科学 2020, 42, 2119 -2131.
AMA StyleQiwei Huang, Shiqi Liu, Ping Wang, Tianye Wang, Jingjie Yu, Xiaolong Chen, Linsheng Yang. Spatiotemporal variability of temperature and precipitation in typical Pan-Arctic basins, 1936-2018. 资源科学. 2020; 42 (11):2119-2131.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiwei Huang; Shiqi Liu; Ping Wang; Tianye Wang; Jingjie Yu; Xiaolong Chen; Linsheng Yang. 2020. "Spatiotemporal variability of temperature and precipitation in typical Pan-Arctic basins, 1936-2018." 资源科学 42, no. 11: 2119-2131.
Soil water retention curve (SWRC) is key hydraulic property for vadose zone hydrology. Selected 22 SWRC models with different structures were divided into four types: traditional, single‐segment, two‐segment, and three‐segment models. According to the accuracy and model selection criterion, these models were compared and evaluated using water retention data from saturation to oven dryness of 94 soil samples covering almost all soil types. Among the models, the EG model (exponential model combined with the Groenevelt–Grant model) shows the best performance, but the BC (Brooks–Corey) and VG (van Genuchten) models performed the worst. The relationship between model performance and complexity showed that traditional models with residual water content performed worse than segmental models from saturation to oven dryness, and the segmental models performed worse with an increase in the segment number. In general, models with more parameters perform better, but when the parameter number is greater than five, the model performance gradually worsens due to the equifinality of different parameters. The correlation analysis between soil properties on model performance showed that soil texture has a more significant effect on model performance than bulk density and organic matter content, because the models are primarily affected by their mathematical forms rather than the physical significance of the parameters. Each model picks its limitations and may apply to only one or particular group(s) of soil(s). Therefore, the complementarities of different models may be a great choice to improve SWRC fitting and simulation in arid soil.
Chaoyang Du. Comparison of the performance of 22 models describing soil water retention curves from saturation to oven dryness. Vadose Zone Journal 2020, 19, 1 .
AMA StyleChaoyang Du. Comparison of the performance of 22 models describing soil water retention curves from saturation to oven dryness. Vadose Zone Journal. 2020; 19 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChaoyang Du. 2020. "Comparison of the performance of 22 models describing soil water retention curves from saturation to oven dryness." Vadose Zone Journal 19, no. 1: 1.
Estimation of the leakage rate from riverbeds is an important task to quantify the interaction between surface and ground waters and to perform effective management of water resources, especially under arid climate conditions, where leakage from riverbeds helps to preserve the existence of riparian ecosystems. One of the methods for estimating the leakage rate from a riverbed is the use of diurnal temperature oscillations in riverbed sediments. The data from monitoring the temperature of the sediments in the lower reaches of the Heihe riverbed (northwestern China) are used to calculate the leakage rate from the riverbed. The results of the leakage rate calculations are compared to the data obtained by solving an inverse problem using the one-dimensional model of heat and moisture transfer in the riverbed sediments according to the data of the annual observation cycle. Good agreement of the calculated and model leakage rates is observed when the temperature sensors, whose data are used for the calculation of the leakage rates, are spaced at a significant distance (≥0.3 m) and at a depth greater than 0.3 m.
P. Yu. Vasilevskii; Ping Wang. Estimation of the Leakage Rate from a Riverbed According to the Data of Diurnal Temperature Oscillations in Riverbed Sediments (based on the Example of the Heihe River, Inner Mongolia, China). Moscow University Geology Bulletin 2020, 75, 80 -85.
AMA StyleP. Yu. Vasilevskii, Ping Wang. Estimation of the Leakage Rate from a Riverbed According to the Data of Diurnal Temperature Oscillations in Riverbed Sediments (based on the Example of the Heihe River, Inner Mongolia, China). Moscow University Geology Bulletin. 2020; 75 (1):80-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Yu. Vasilevskii; Ping Wang. 2020. "Estimation of the Leakage Rate from a Riverbed According to the Data of Diurnal Temperature Oscillations in Riverbed Sediments (based on the Example of the Heihe River, Inner Mongolia, China)." Moscow University Geology Bulletin 75, no. 1: 80-85.
With rapid economic development, demand for water resources is continuously increasing, which has resulted in common overexploitation of groundwater, particularly in megacities. This overexploitation of groundwater over many years has brought a series of adverse problems, including groundwater level decline, land subsidence and hydrogeological issues. To quantitatively describe these risks, we propose a risk evaluation model for groundwater exploitation and utilization. By deducing and expanding on the cusp catastrophe type, this study breaks through the limitations on the catastrophe assessment method, e.g., the number of indicators, and establishes an improved catastrophe assessment model for groundwater exploitation and utilization risk. In addition, the index system of the risk evaluation is constructed including three criterion layers: groundwater system condition (B1), groundwater exploitation and utilization (B2) and groundwater environmental problems (B3) and is tested for the conditions in Shanghai City, eastern China. The evaluation results show that the comprehensive risk values for groundwater exploitation and utilization in all districts (counties) of Shanghai are between 0.68 and 0.85, which categorizes the city as in the moderate risk zone; therefore, the improved catastrophe model is suitable for assessing groundwater exploitation risk in Shanghai City and should be applicable more broadly for the effective protection and sustainable supply of groundwater.
Hui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Chaoyang Du; Jun Xia; Xiaojun Wang. Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China. Water 2019, 11, 1775 .
AMA StyleHui Zhang, Jingjie Yu, Chaoyang Du, Jun Xia, Xiaojun Wang. Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China. Water. 2019; 11 (9):1775.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Zhang; Jingjie Yu; Chaoyang Du; Jun Xia; Xiaojun Wang. 2019. "Assessing Risks from Groundwater Exploitation and Utilization: Case Study of the Shanghai Megacity, China." Water 11, no. 9: 1775.
Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Ping Wang; Vladimir A. Lekhov. An Approximate Model for Predicting the Specific Yield Under Periodic Water Table Oscillations. Water Resources Research 2019, 55, 6185 -6197.
AMA StyleSergey P. Pozdniakov, Ping Wang, Vladimir A. Lekhov. An Approximate Model for Predicting the Specific Yield Under Periodic Water Table Oscillations. Water Resources Research. 2019; 55 (7):6185-6197.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSergey P. Pozdniakov; Ping Wang; Vladimir A. Lekhov. 2019. "An Approximate Model for Predicting the Specific Yield Under Periodic Water Table Oscillations." Water Resources Research 55, no. 7: 6185-6197.
The well-known White method (A method of estimating ground-water supplies based on discharge by plants and evaporation from soil: Results of investigation in Escalante Valley, Utah. Washington D.C, US Geological Survey. Water Supply Paper 659-A United States Department of the Interior, 1932) based on diurnal water table observations has been widely applied to estimate groundwater evapotranspiration (ETG) from phreatophyte vegetation. One of the limitations of this method is its large uncertainties in quantifying the daily groundwater recovery rate (r), which is assumed to be equal to the average rate of groundwater level rise between midnight (i.e., 00:00 h) and 04:00 h. Recent studies pointed out that ETG is highly dependent on the shape and duration of the diurnal clear-sky solar radiation curve and that using the groundwater recovery rate over a short interval of nighttime hours to represent the daily r may lead to large uncertainties in ETG estimates. In this study, we analysed the dependence of the estimated daily r on the sunset and sunrise timings. Numerical experiment results showed that the estimated r is highly sensitive to the duration between sunset and sunrise, which varies seasonally. Instead of using fixed time spans (TSs), e.g., from midnight to 04:00 h, we recommend a more universal method for determining the TS, which is associated with the sunset and/or sunrise timings and used to estimate the daily r. This dynamic TS approach was tested at a Tamarix ramosissima-dominated riparian site with a hyper-arid climate (precipitation of 35 mm a−1) in northwestern China. Compared with the observed evapotranspiration (ET), our approach showed better performance and less subjectivity in estimating ETG than the traditional White approach.
Tian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Jing-Jie Yu; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Chao-Yang Du; Yi-Chi Zhang. Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings. Environmental Earth Sciences 2019, 78, 1 -7.
AMA StyleTian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Jing-Jie Yu, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Chao-Yang Du, Yi-Chi Zhang. Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings. Environmental Earth Sciences. 2019; 78 (14):1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Jing-Jie Yu; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Chao-Yang Du; Yi-Chi Zhang. 2019. "Revisiting the White method for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration: a consideration of sunset and sunrise timings." Environmental Earth Sciences 78, no. 14: 1-7.
The groundwater storage of China’s Alxa Plateau (AP), one of the driest plateaus in the World, with a mixed landscape of deserts, including the Gobi, natural riparian oases and mosaic groundwater-fed irrigation areas, is vulnerable to global climate change and enhanced human activities. In this study, we revealed the temporal and spatial pattern of the changes in groundwater storage (GWS) across the AP by integrating satellite observations, hydrological modelling and ground data during the period of 2003-2016. Our results showed the GWS experienced a significant decreasing trend across the AP, while the precipitation did not significantly change. GWS continues to decrease in the center of the AP, i.e., the Badain Jaran Desert, which is likely associated with the fact of increasing evapotranspiration. The anthropogenic influences were reflect as the long-term extraction of groundwater has strongly depleted the GWS in the southeastern AP; however, in the northwestern part of the AP, groundwater depletion has been relieved due to the water diversion project with general increasing river runoff. Furthermore, based on our analysis and a broad review of the studies in other sub-regions over the AP, the possible regional flow path was proposed with particular addressing on the likely influence by anthropogenic activities. The dynamics in the GWS among the different hydrogeological units is likely interconnected through regional groundwater flow paths. Decreasing of GWS in the central AP, which would lead to reducing groundwater discharge to the northwestern AP, might further cause the groundwater depletion in the northwestern AP. Our results emphasize the tempo-spatial patterns in GWS change and the associated hydrological and ecological processes across the dry plateau. Identifying and untangling the various processes that impact on groundwater storage would allow us to develop more effective water management strategies.
Tian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Chao-Yang Du; Yuan-Hao Fang. Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China. Journal of Hydrology 2019, 576, 262 -272.
AMA StyleTian-Ye Wang, Ping Wang, Yi-Chi Zhang, Jing-Jie Yu, Chao-Yang Du, Yuan-Hao Fang. Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China. Journal of Hydrology. 2019; 576 ():262-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian-Ye Wang; Ping Wang; Yi-Chi Zhang; Jing-Jie Yu; Chao-Yang Du; Yuan-Hao Fang. 2019. "Contrasting groundwater depletion patterns induced by anthropogenic and climate-driven factors on Alxa Plateau, northwestern China." Journal of Hydrology 576, no. : 262-272.
Quantifying terminal-lake dynamics is crucial for understanding water-ecosystem-economy relationship across endorheic river basins in arid environments. In this study, the spatio-temporal variations in terminal lakes of the lower Heihe River Basin were investigated for the first time since the Ecological Water Diversion Project commenced in 2000. The lake area and corresponding water consumption were determined with 248 Landsat images. Vital recovery of lakes occurred two years after the implementation of the project, and the total lake area increased by 382.6%, from 30.7 to 148.2 km2, during 2002–2017. East Juyan Lake (EJL) was first restored as a project target and subsequently reached a maximum area of 70.1 km2. Water dispersion was initiated in 2003, with the East river prioritized for restoration. Swan Lake in the East river enlarged to 67.7 km2 by 2017, while the other four lakes temporarily existed or maintained an area < 7 km2, such as West Juyan Lake. Water consumed by lakes increased synchronously with lake area. The average water consumption of the six lakes was 1.03 × 108 m3/year, with 63% from EJL. The increasing terminal lakes; however, highlight the seasonal competition for water use between riparian vegetation and lake ecosystems in water-limited areas.
Bei Li; Yi-Chi Zhang; Ping Wang; Chao-Yang Du; Jing-Jie Yu. Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 1164 .
AMA StyleBei Li, Yi-Chi Zhang, Ping Wang, Chao-Yang Du, Jing-Jie Yu. Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (10):1164.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBei Li; Yi-Chi Zhang; Ping Wang; Chao-Yang Du; Jing-Jie Yu. 2019. "Estimating Dynamics of Terminal Lakes in the Second Largest Endorheic River Basin of Northwestern China from 2000 to 2017 with Landsat Imagery." Remote Sensing 11, no. 10: 1164.
One of the classical methods for estimating groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) by phreatophytes is based on diurnal water table fluctuations (WTFs). This method was initially introduced by White in 1932 and has recently been improved. However, vegetation‐induced disequilibrium between groundwater and capillary fringe (CF) water is not considered under White's assumptions. In this study, we propose an approach that considers root‐driven water depletion in the CF using the soil moisture profile (hereafter referred to as the SMP method). The SMP method is demonstrated to perform equally well for both long‐term water table rises and declines. The apparent advantages of the SMP method over traditional WTF‐based methods include its greater effectiveness in revealing physical mechanisms and its omission of specific yield determination. However, appropriately determining the boundary condition, which is related to active root‐zone thickness, is crucial for the SMP method. Further development of the SMP method requires a deeper understanding of the interactions among roots, groundwater, and soil moisture.
Tian‐Ye Wang; Jing‐Jie Yu; Ping Wang; Lei‐Lei Min; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Guo‐Fu Yuan. Estimating groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes using combined water level and soil moisture observations. Ecohydrology 2019, 12, 1 .
AMA StyleTian‐Ye Wang, Jing‐Jie Yu, Ping Wang, Lei‐Lei Min, Sergey P. Pozdniakov, Guo‐Fu Yuan. Estimating groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes using combined water level and soil moisture observations. Ecohydrology. 2019; 12 (5):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTian‐Ye Wang; Jing‐Jie Yu; Ping Wang; Lei‐Lei Min; Sergey P. Pozdniakov; Guo‐Fu Yuan. 2019. "Estimating groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes using combined water level and soil moisture observations." Ecohydrology 12, no. 5: 1.