A great amount of negative influence on human existence and environmental protection has been brought on by heavy metal pollution in agriculture soil. Thus, major awareness has been diverted to the evaluation of heavy metals (EHM) in agricultural land, which is used to improve the environment and ensure people’s health. Based on 3759 publications collected from the Web of Science Core Collection^TM (WoS), this paper’s aim is to illustrate a comprehensive bibliometric run-through and visualization of the subject of EHM. Contingent on influential authors, top institutions, keywords are discussed in detail. Afterwards, the ruling publications and focal assemblage of EHM and leading publications are analyzed to discover the main research topics, according to citation analysis and reference co-citation analysis. The main motive of the paper is to assist research workers interested in the area of EHM determine the ongoing potential research opportunities and hotspots.

Chitosan was used as the raw material. A quaternization reaction was carried out between 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride and water-soluble chitosan to prepare quaternary ammonium salt water-soluble chitosan (QWSC), and its corrosion inhibition performance against the corrosion of carbon steel in stone processing wastewater was evaluated. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of QWSC on carbon steel in stone processing wastewater were investigated through weight loss, as well as electrochemical and surface morphology characterization techniques. The results show that QWSC has superior corrosion inhibition performance for A3 carbon steel. When an amount of 60 mL·L⁻¹ is added, the corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 59.51%. Electrochemical research has shown that a QWSC inhibitor is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor. The inhibition mechanisms of the QWSC inhibitor revealed that the positive charge on the surface of carbon steel in stone wastewater was conducive to the adsorption of Cl⁻ in the medium, which produced an excessive negative charge on the metal’s surface. At the same time, the quaternary ammonium cation and amino cation formed in QWSC in stone processing wastewater can be physically absorbed on the surface of A3 carbon steel, forming a thin-film inhibitor to prevent metal corrosion.

Herein, this study reports the development of a multifunctional conductive antibacterial cotton fabric through the utilization of the natural polyphenol-mediated silver mirror reaction. The experimental results demonstrate that polyphenols can effectively facilitate the deposition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), resulting in a uniform and durable hybrid nanocoating on the cotton fabric. The effects of polyphenol’s molecular weights on the coating structures and stabilities have been revealed via two distinct approaches: washing resistance and electrochemical testing systems. It has been concluded that lower-molecular-weight phenols induce a compact and dense coating structure, whereas polyphenols such as tannic acid exhibit relatively high stability, achieving an excellent conductivity of 0.2 S/cm and a good washing resistance of 67% over five cycles. The underlying mechanism has been further confirmed by the cyclic voltammetry measurements, suggesting that polyphenols play a significant role in stabilizing AgNPs and preventing their dissolution. Furthermore, the Ag-doped polyphenol-coated fabrics exhibit notable antibacterial properties. By coupling natural polyphenols with typical silver mirror reactions, this study not only offers a sustainable alternative to synthetic chemicals but also presents a promising method to endow cotton textiles with the dual properties of conductivity and antibacterial activity.

Fabricating polymeric films with ordered surface microarrays is of great significance for wearable sensing applications, yet it remains challenging to achieve scalable, cost-effective, and biocompatible architectures. Herein, we report a fabric-templated co-deposition strategy to construct nanofiber-reinforced composite films with well-ordered surface arrays. The approach utilizes woven cotton fabrics as soft templates, where capillary action directs the deposition of chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) nanofiber mixtures within the microscale grooves, enabling direct replication of the array patterns after solvent evaporation and alkaline crosslinking. The resulting films exhibit hierarchical microstructures with uniform nanofiber distribution, strong hydrogen-bonding interactions, and tunable surface topographies. The optimized composite (Chit/NF_1.5) achieves well-defined ordered surface arrays, enhanced mechanical flexibility, and stable structural integrity. After surface metallization, the array-patterned films demonstrate a piezoresistive sensing performance, with a 2.6-fold enhancement in current variation and a 3.4-fold higher sensitivity particularly in a low-stress region (0–0.15 N) compared to flat films. A dual-mechanism response involving contact-area enlargement at large strains and nanofiber-mediated conductive pathway formation at small strains is proposed to explain the ultrasensitivity. This work provides a versatile and scalable route for engineering ordered surface architectures, holding great promise for wearable health monitoring, smart electronics, and biomedical devices.