Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity are increasingly recognized as disorders of dysregulated cellular communication rather than solely enzymatic or transcriptional dysfunction. While conventional therapies primarily target metabolic enzymes and nuclear receptors, growing evidence highlights ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) at the cell membrane as critical upstream regulators of glucose homeostasis, energy expenditure, and inflammation. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.), a widely consumed nutraceutical, has demonstrated consistent antidiabetic and antiobesity effects; however, its actions at the membrane signaling interface remain underappreciated. This review synthesizes emerging evidence that cinnamon-derived phytonutrients, particularly cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and polyphenolic compounds, modulate key ion channels and GPCR pathways involved in metabolic regulation. We discuss how cinnamon influences calcium signaling, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, and metabolite- and hormone-sensing GPCRs, thereby affecting insulin secretion, incretin release, appetite control, thermogenesis, and inflammatory tone. A central highlight of this review is the crosstalk between ion channels and GPCRs in metabolic tissues, illustrating a systems-level mechanism through which cinnamon exerts pleiotropic metabolic benefits. Translational implications are explored, including the potential of cinnamon to complement existing antidiabetic therapies and its relevance within precision nutrition frameworks. By focusing on the cell membrane as an integrative signaling hub, this review reframes cinnamon as a membrane-active nutraceutical capable of restoring metabolic balance through coordinated modulation of ion channel GPCR networks.

Background Cutaneous melanocytic lesions have variety of subtypes ranging from benign (nevus) to malignant lesions (malignant melanoma). Differentiating benign and malignant melanocytic lesions is challening, particularly due to overlapping characteristics. This study was conducted to determine clinicopathological characteristics of cutaneous melanocytic lesions and the prevalence ratio of each characteristic for predicting malignant behavior. Method Cross-sectional study was conducted with data retrieved from Anatomic Pathology Department of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia and Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data of 145 histopathology-confirmed cutaneous melanocytic lesions cases between 2018 – 2022 were sampled and collected. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the prevalence ratio of each characteristic to predict malignant behavior. Result Out of 145 cases, 14.5% were malignant lesions (melanoma) and the rest were benign (nevus). Clinicopathology features and characteristics were correlated with malignant behavior, such as cytological atypia (p <0.01), dermal mitosis (PR=91.5; p<0.01), asymmetry (PR=31.8; p <0.01), suprabasal melanocyte (PR=21.4; p <0.01), lower extremity location (PR=6.5; p 6 mm (PR=5.2; p <0.01), and male gender (PR=3.3; p 6 mm, dermal lymphocytic infiltrate, and male gender were predictive to predict malignant lesions.