Beams of light that feature an intensity zero are essential to a variety of optical microscopy methods. Super-resolution techniques like STED and RESOLFT, together with localization strategies like MINFLUX and MINSTED, rely on accurate and fast displacements of such beams and their zeros. Extending these methods to the third dimension requires axial deflection, which, in contrast to lateral deflection, remains technologically challenging on the microsecond scale. Here, we present a fast general-purpose beam-shaping polarization interferometer that, instead of displacing the entire beam, enables such axial deflections by deforming the beam shape to deflect its zero. Based on this approach, we showcase a four-channel dual-color excitation system for three-dimensional MINFLUX imaging and tracking. We include first demonstrations of improved MINFLUX localization schemes that utilize the combination of distinct beam shapes and three-dimensional multi-emitter tracking. We believe that the presented approach will facilitate the broader adoption of three dimensional MINFLUX and provides a versatile basis for future implementations of advanced single-molecule localization methods.
Human language continuously generates patterned mechanical vibrations, yet the cellular consequences of such structured sound remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigate whether acoustic vibration with different degrees of temporal and spectral organization modulates actin cable architecture and polarity in the non auditory eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using a direct contact stimulation setup, yeast cells expressing ABP140- GFP were exposed to sustained tonal sound, broadband white noise, or brief consonant like acoustic bursts designed to isolate speech relevant temporal structures without semantic content. Sustained tonal stimulation, characterized by rhythmic continuity and harmonic coherence similar to vowel like components of speech, increased ABP140- GFP signal intensity,actin branching and actin length and significantly enhanced shmoo formation. In contrast, broadband noise disrupted actin organization and suppressed shmooing, while transient consonant like bursts produced no measurable structural effects. These results indicate that language related acoustic structure, specifically sustained and coherent mechanical vibration, can modulate cytoskeletal organization in yeast, supporting the view of sound and speech as biologically active mechanical inputs rather than purely communicative signals.
What if vocal language were not only a medium for human communication but a vibrational force that leaves structural traces in living cells? This study explores how audible sound, particularly the structured elements of human speech, affects the cytoskeleton of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Using a direct-contact acoustic system, we exposed yeast to distinct sound types: tonal vibrations, broadband noise, and consonant phonemes. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that tonal stimuli with coherent low-frequency patterns enhanced actin polymerization and shmoo formation, both markers of polarity and mating. In contrast, broadband noise disrupted actin integrity, while consonants produced no measurable effects. These results suggest that rhythmic continuity and spectral coherence, key features of speech, can modulate cytoskeletal organization in non-auditory cells. By reframing vocal language as mechanical input rather than semantic content, this study bridges microbial cell biology with acoustic ecology and proposes a new lens for exploring how human-generated soundscapes physically influence living systems.