Based on data from the literature in the Web of Science (WOS) and Scopus databases, this study collected 325 articles published between 2020 and 2025. Using Citespace software (version 6.4) to analyze publication volume, countries, institutions, disciplinary categories, and keywords, we examined research characteristics, hotspots, and bottlenecks in the field of ecological remediation for heavy metal pollution in mining area soils. Results indicate: (1) Publication volume in this field showed an upward trend from 2020 to 2024, accounting for 70.2% of this dataset being from the environmental sciences. Chinese scholars demonstrated significant dominance and high engagement, though interdisciplinary depth remained insufficient; (2) from 2020 to 2025, the research focus shifted from risk identification to precise remediation, forming a complete logical chain of ‘identification–remediation–optimization’. Green technologies (biological/combined remediation) emerged as mainstream approaches in integrated remediation. (3) A significant gap exists between research and practice. Many innovative technologies are costly and difficult for enterprises to bear, while low-cost techniques like ‘waste-to-waste treatment’ lack sufficient research and application, hindering large-scale implementation. This study reveals the current situation of ‘intense research but difficult application’ in the ecological remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in mining areas. The findings provide a scientific basis for technological innovation, practical implementation, and policy making.

The diversity of floral traits in angiosperms has evolved over time as an adaptive response to reproductive demands. Investigating floral characteristics and pollination systems helps elucidate the evolutionary drivers behind morphological variation in flowers. In this study, we examined A. erythrocarpa to systematically document its floral morphology, stigma receptivity, pollen–ovule ratio, breeding system, and pollinator behavior. Results showed that the sepals abscised completely at the early flowering stage, while stigmas became receptive even during the bud phase. The pollen–ovule ratio was 1773.58 ± 689.75, indicating a facultatively xenogamous breeding system. Bagging experiments further confirmed that the species is self-compatible but does not exhibit apomixis or wind pollination. Field observations identified Agromyzidae sp. and E. balteatus as the primary pollinators, which visited flowers at high frequency after sepal abscission but before anther dehiscence. Compared with its congener A. asiatica, which exhibits delayed sepal abscission and relies mainly on selfing, A. erythrocarpa demonstrates distinct floral morphological adaptations linked to its specialized pollination strategy. These two species thus represent divergent reproductive adaptation patterns within the genus. Therefore, the visiting behavior of fly insects and the early shedding of sepals promotes cross-pollination of A. erythrocarpa.

Perilla (Perilla frutescens) is an important oilseed crop valued for its rich content of nutraceutical compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids. While triacylglycerol biosynthesis has been studied, the role of polar lipids during seed development remains poorly characterized. Here, we performed a comprehensive lipidomic analysis of polar lipids in developing perilla seeds across three key stages. A total of 147 molecular species from 10 polar lipid classes were identified. Phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were the predominant phospholipids, and both decreased markedly during development, with phosphatidylcholine showing the most significant reduction. In contrast, lysophosphatidic acid increased substantially by 62.4%. Conversely, the galactolipids monolactodiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol showed a decline in perilla during cotyledon development. Additionally, the unsaturation index of most polar lipids decreased during development. These variation characteristics of polar lipids during growth and development may suggest an adaptive strategy for oil accumulation in perilla.