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Prof. Ayman A. Swelum
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt.

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0 Reproduction
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Review
Published: 23 July 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Improving poultry production, increasing poultry immunity, and reducing the disease spreading can be achieved by adding various potentially valuable ingredients to the feed or drinking water of poultry flocks. Because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in animal nutrition were prohibited. Additionally, consumer preferences tend towards purchasing products from livestock raised without antibiotics. Therefore, there is a critical need to find effective growth promoter alternatives and treatment methods for common poultry diseases. Some spice plants play important roles in improving the taste, aroma, and color of human food and their positive effects on human and animal health. The current review aimed to provide a broader perspective on some spice crops which can be effective alternatives to antibiotics in organic poultry production. These spices were including Thymus vulgaris, Cichorium intybus, Coriandrum sativum, Aloe vera, Heracleum persicum, Curcuma longa, and Glycyrrhiza glabra.

ACS Style

Alireza Seidavi; Masomeh Tavakoli; Marina Slozhenkina; Ivan Gorlov; Nesrein M. Hashem; Fariborz Asroosh; Ayman E. Taha; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Ayman A Swelum. The use of some plant-derived products as effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in organic poultry production: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Alireza Seidavi, Masomeh Tavakoli, Marina Slozhenkina, Ivan Gorlov, Nesrein M. Hashem, Fariborz Asroosh, Ayman E. Taha, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Ayman A Swelum. The use of some plant-derived products as effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in organic poultry production: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alireza Seidavi; Masomeh Tavakoli; Marina Slozhenkina; Ivan Gorlov; Nesrein M. Hashem; Fariborz Asroosh; Ayman E. Taha; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Ayman A Swelum. 2021. "The use of some plant-derived products as effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in organic poultry production: a review." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-13.

Review
Published: 07 July 2021 in Stem Cell Research & Therapy
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Autoimmune hepatitis is a chronic inflammatory hepatic disorder which may cause liver fibrosis. Appropriate treatment of autoimmune hepatitis is therefore important. Adult stem cells have been investigated as therapies for a variety of disorders in latest years. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were the first known adult stem cells (ASCs) and can give rise to all of the cell types in the blood and immune system. Originally, HSC transplantation was served as a therapy for hematological malignancies, but more recently researchers have found the treatment to have positive effects in autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ASCs which can be extracted from different tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and dental pulp. MSCs interact with several immune response pathways either by direct cell-to-cell interactions or by the secretion of soluble factors. These characteristics make MSCs potentially valuable as a therapy for autoimmune diseases. Both ASC and ASC-derived exosomes have been investigated as a therapy for autoimmune hepatitis. This review aims to summarize studies focused on the effects of ASCs and their products on autoimmune hepatitis.

ACS Style

Ahmed Lotfy; Aya Elgamal; Anna Burdzinska; Ayman A. Swelum; Reham Soliman; Ayman A. Hassan; Gamal Shiha. Stem cell therapies for autoimmune hepatitis. Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2021, 12, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Ahmed Lotfy, Aya Elgamal, Anna Burdzinska, Ayman A. Swelum, Reham Soliman, Ayman A. Hassan, Gamal Shiha. Stem cell therapies for autoimmune hepatitis. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 2021; 12 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed Lotfy; Aya Elgamal; Anna Burdzinska; Ayman A. Swelum; Reham Soliman; Ayman A. Hassan; Gamal Shiha. 2021. "Stem cell therapies for autoimmune hepatitis." Stem Cell Research & Therapy 12, no. 1: 1-13.

Review
Published: 01 July 2021 in International Journal of Nanomedicine
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As a crucial organ, the lung is exposed to various harmful agents that may induce inflammation and oxidative stress, which may cause chronic or acute lung injury. Nigella sativa, also known as black seed, has been widely used to treat various diseases and is one of the most extensively researched medicinal plants. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main component of black seed volatile oil and has been proven to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic properties. The potential therapeutic properties of TQ against various pulmonary disorders have been studied in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, the application of nanotechnology may increase drug solubility, cellular absorption, drug release (sustained or control), and drug delivery to lung tissue target sites. As a result, fabricating TQ as nanoparticles (NPs) is a potential therapeutic approach against a variety of lung diseases. In this current review, we summarize recent findings on the efficacy of TQ and its nanotypes in lung disorders caused by immunocompromised conditions such as cancer, diabetes, gastric ulcers, and other neurodegenerative diseases. It is concluded that TQ nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiasthma, and antitumor activity may be safely applied to treat lung disorders. However, more research is required before TQ nanoparticles can be used as pharmaceutical preparations in human studies.

ACS Style

Naif A Al-Gabri; Sultan Am Saghir; Sallah A Al-Hashedi; Ali H El-Far; Asmaa F Khafaga; Ayman A Swelum; Abdullah S Al-Wajeeh; Shaker A Mousa; Mohamed E Abd El-Hack; Mohammed Ae Naiel; Khaled A El-Tarabily. Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone and Its Nanoformulations in Pulmonary Injury: A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Nanomedicine 2021, ume 16, 5117 -5131.

AMA Style

Naif A Al-Gabri, Sultan Am Saghir, Sallah A Al-Hashedi, Ali H El-Far, Asmaa F Khafaga, Ayman A Swelum, Abdullah S Al-Wajeeh, Shaker A Mousa, Mohamed E Abd El-Hack, Mohammed Ae Naiel, Khaled A El-Tarabily. Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone and Its Nanoformulations in Pulmonary Injury: A Comprehensive Review. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2021; ume 16 ():5117-5131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Naif A Al-Gabri; Sultan Am Saghir; Sallah A Al-Hashedi; Ali H El-Far; Asmaa F Khafaga; Ayman A Swelum; Abdullah S Al-Wajeeh; Shaker A Mousa; Mohamed E Abd El-Hack; Mohammed Ae Naiel; Khaled A El-Tarabily. 2021. "Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone and Its Nanoformulations in Pulmonary Injury: A Comprehensive Review." International Journal of Nanomedicine ume 16, no. : 5117-5131.

Journal article
Published: 24 June 2021 in Animals
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The current study aimed to investigate the influence of dietary zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs), curcumin nanoparticles (CurNPs), and Bacillus licheniformis (Bl) on the growth, carcass, blood metabolites, and the count of some cecal microorganisms of Indian River (IR) broilers. Chicks were allotted into seven experimental groups: control group, 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups were given diets enriched with ZnNPs, CurNPs and Bl (3.0, 5.0 and 2.0 cm3/kg diet, respectively). The 4th, 5th and 6th groups were given diets supplemented with ZnNPs (3.0) + Bl (2.0) (ZP); ZnNPs (3.0) + CurNPs (5.0) (ZC) and ZnNPs (3.0) + CurNPs (5.0) + Bl (2.0) (ZCP) cm3/kg diet, respectively. The results revealed that ZnNPs and CurNPs exhibited a considerable antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi. They also inhibited the growth of microbes in a range of 50–95 µg/mL. The diet supplemented with ZnNPs, CurNPs, and Bl increased the body weight compared to the control after five weeks of age. Additionally, values of daily feed intake increased in these groups; however, the feed conversion ratio decreased. All values of carcass traits were better than that of the control. The treatments led to decreased abdominal lipids compared to the control. The activity of liver enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity decreased in the treated groups. In a converse trend, the levels of oxidative enzymes, amylase, protease, lipase and immunoglobulin were higher than that of the control. Meat quality properties were improved and cecal microbial counts were decreased. In conclusion, the ZnNPs, CurNPs, and Bl improved the broiler’s weights, carcass traits, meat quality traits, as well as some blood indices and cecal microbial load. Therefore, the inclusion of ZnNPs, CurNPs, or Bl is recommended for broiler feeding regimens to improve the performance and health status.

ACS Style

Mohamed Abd El-Hack; Bothaina Alaidaroos; Reem Farsi; Diaa Abou-Kassem; Mohamed El-Saadony; Ahmed Saad; Manal Shafi; Najah Albaqami; Ayman Taha; Elwy Ashour. Impacts of Supplementing Broiler Diets with Biological Curcumin, Zinc Nanoparticles and Bacillus licheniformis on Growth, Carcass Traits, Blood Indices, Meat Quality and Cecal Microbial Load. Animals 2021, 11, 1878 .

AMA Style

Mohamed Abd El-Hack, Bothaina Alaidaroos, Reem Farsi, Diaa Abou-Kassem, Mohamed El-Saadony, Ahmed Saad, Manal Shafi, Najah Albaqami, Ayman Taha, Elwy Ashour. Impacts of Supplementing Broiler Diets with Biological Curcumin, Zinc Nanoparticles and Bacillus licheniformis on Growth, Carcass Traits, Blood Indices, Meat Quality and Cecal Microbial Load. Animals. 2021; 11 (7):1878.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed Abd El-Hack; Bothaina Alaidaroos; Reem Farsi; Diaa Abou-Kassem; Mohamed El-Saadony; Ahmed Saad; Manal Shafi; Najah Albaqami; Ayman Taha; Elwy Ashour. 2021. "Impacts of Supplementing Broiler Diets with Biological Curcumin, Zinc Nanoparticles and Bacillus licheniformis on Growth, Carcass Traits, Blood Indices, Meat Quality and Cecal Microbial Load." Animals 11, no. 7: 1878.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2021 in Poultry Science
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Exposure to heat stress (HS) is one of the challenges facing the broiler industry worldwide. Various nutritional strategies have been suggested, such as altering dietary concentrations of some nutrients. Thus, we evaluated feeding different amino acid (AA) densities on live performance, Pectoralis (P.) muscles, and expression of selected AA transporters, water channels, and stress-related transcripts in a fast-growing broiler strain. Ross 308 chicks (n=576) were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments (24 reps, 6 chicks per rep), differing in AA density (110, 100, 90, and 80% of a breeder's AA specifications). During 24-36 days of age, half of the birds were kept at a thermoneutral (TN) temperature of 20° C, whereas the other half were subjected to HS at 32° C for 8 h daily, making the treatment design a 4 × 2. The results revealed no interaction between housing temperature and AA density on growth performance or P. muscles weights. Feeding 80% AAs depressed BWG, FCR, and P. muscles at 36 d (P<0.001). There was an interaction (P<0.001) between AA density and temperature on the expression of all examined genes. Reducing the AA density beyond 100% upregulated the expression of AA transporter (CAT1, B0AT, b0,+AT, SNAT1, LAT1), HSP70, HSP90, glucocorticoid receptor (GR), and AQP3 in the TN birds’ jejunum. Whereas in the HS birds, inconsistent expressions were observed in the jejunum, of which CAT1, B0AT, and LAT1 were markedly downregulated as AA density was reduced. In P. major of TN birds, reducing AA density resulted in upregulating the expression of all AA transporters, HSP70, GR, and AQP1, while downregulating HSP90 and AQP9. In contrast, AA reduction markedly downregulated CAT1, B0AT, and LAT1 in the P. major of HS birds. These findings indicate that the dietary AA level alters the expression of various genes involved in AA uptake, protein folding, and water transport. The magnitude of alteration is also dependent on the housing temperature. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of adequate AA nutrition for fast-growing chickens under HS.

ACS Style

R.A. Alhotan; A.A. Al-Sagan; A.A. Al-Abdullatif; E.O.S. Hussein; I.M. Saadeldin; M.M. Azzam; A.A. Swelum. Interactive effects of dietary amino acid density and environmental temperature on growth performance and expression of selected amino acid transporters, water channels, and stress-related transcripts. Poultry Science 2021, 100, 101333 .

AMA Style

R.A. Alhotan, A.A. Al-Sagan, A.A. Al-Abdullatif, E.O.S. Hussein, I.M. Saadeldin, M.M. Azzam, A.A. Swelum. Interactive effects of dietary amino acid density and environmental temperature on growth performance and expression of selected amino acid transporters, water channels, and stress-related transcripts. Poultry Science. 2021; 100 (9):101333.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R.A. Alhotan; A.A. Al-Sagan; A.A. Al-Abdullatif; E.O.S. Hussein; I.M. Saadeldin; M.M. Azzam; A.A. Swelum. 2021. "Interactive effects of dietary amino acid density and environmental temperature on growth performance and expression of selected amino acid transporters, water channels, and stress-related transcripts." Poultry Science 100, no. 9: 101333.

Research article
Published: 28 April 2021 in Phytotherapy Research
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It is widely known that breast cancer cells eventually develop resistance to hormonal drugs and chemotherapies, which often compromise fertility. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the flavonoid, kaempferol‐3‐O‐apiofuranosyl‐7‐O‐rhamnopyranosyl (KARP), on 1) the viability of MCF‐7 breast cancer cells and 2) ovarian function in rats. A dose‐dependent decrease in MCF‐7 cell survival was observed, and the IC50 value was found to be 48 μg/ml. Cells in the control group or those exposed to increasing concentrations of KARP experienced a similar generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of apoptosis. For the rats, estradiol levels correlated negatively to KARP dosages, although a recovery was obtained at administration of 30 mg/kg per day. Noteworthily, when compared against the control, this dosage led to significant increases in mRNA levels for CYP19, CYP17a, CCND2, GDF9, and INSL3 among the treatment groups, and ER1 and ER2 mRNA levels decreased in a dose‐dependent manner. KARP shows great promise as an ideal therapy for breast cancer patients since it induced apoptosis and autophagy in cancerous cells without harming fertility in our animal model. Future investigations on humans are necessary to substantiate these findings and determine its efficacy as a general line of treatment.

ACS Style

Abdel Halim Harrath; Maroua Jalouli; Mohamed Habib Oueslati; Mohammad Abul Farah; Anouar Feriani; Waleed Aldahmash; Nouf Aldawood; Khalid Al‐Anazi; Fawaz Falodah; Ayman Swelum; Saleh Alwasel. The flavonoid, kaempferol‐3‐O‐apiofuranosyl‐7‐O ‐rhamnopyranosyl, as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer with a promoting effect on ovarian function. Phytotherapy Research 2021, 1 .

AMA Style

Abdel Halim Harrath, Maroua Jalouli, Mohamed Habib Oueslati, Mohammad Abul Farah, Anouar Feriani, Waleed Aldahmash, Nouf Aldawood, Khalid Al‐Anazi, Fawaz Falodah, Ayman Swelum, Saleh Alwasel. The flavonoid, kaempferol‐3‐O‐apiofuranosyl‐7‐O ‐rhamnopyranosyl, as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer with a promoting effect on ovarian function. Phytotherapy Research. 2021; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdel Halim Harrath; Maroua Jalouli; Mohamed Habib Oueslati; Mohammad Abul Farah; Anouar Feriani; Waleed Aldahmash; Nouf Aldawood; Khalid Al‐Anazi; Fawaz Falodah; Ayman Swelum; Saleh Alwasel. 2021. "The flavonoid, kaempferol‐3‐O‐apiofuranosyl‐7‐O ‐rhamnopyranosyl, as a potential therapeutic agent for breast cancer with a promoting effect on ovarian function." Phytotherapy Research , no. : 1.

Review article
Published: 09 April 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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High ammonia (NH3) levels (>25 ppm) in poultry houses reduce the body weight gain, feed conversion, survival ability, carcass conviction rate, and immune system of birds. High NH3 levels can also cause pain, eye-inflammation, and increased oxidative stress. The volatility rate of NH3 in poultry litter depends on the pH, humidity, ventilation rate, air velocity, manure nitrogen (N) content, and temperature. The litter's pH is a major factor regulating the volatilization of NH3because it specifies the volatile ammonium (NH4+)/NH3 ratio between their ionic and nonvolatile forms. High NH3 levels damage birds' respiratory systems' mucous membranes, thereby increasing their susceptibility to respiratory infections, particularly to Escherichia coli infection. In this review, the existing knowledge on soil-nitrifying bacteria and NH3 nitrification approaches for advancing poultry manure microbial nitrification and environmental implications of using various NH3 emission control techniques were summarized. Although few studies have focused on reducing NH3 volatilization by nitrification, nitrification is deemed a sustainable approach for reducing N excretions and controlling NH3 emissions in poultry houses. However, further studies are required to determine the most suitable soil nitrification bacteria to increase microbial nitrification.

ACS Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Mahmoud M. Abo Ghanima; Mustafa Shukry; Rashed A. Alhotan; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Gamaleldin M. Suliman; Hani Ba-Awadh; Aiman A. Ammari; Ayman E. Taha; Khaled A. El-Tarabily. Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 781, 146978 .

AMA Style

Ayman A. Swelum, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Mahmoud M. Abo Ghanima, Mustafa Shukry, Rashed A. Alhotan, Elsayed O.S. Hussein, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Hani Ba-Awadh, Aiman A. Ammari, Ayman E. Taha, Khaled A. El-Tarabily. Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 781 ():146978.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Mahmoud M. Abo Ghanima; Mustafa Shukry; Rashed A. Alhotan; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Gamaleldin M. Suliman; Hani Ba-Awadh; Aiman A. Ammari; Ayman E. Taha; Khaled A. El-Tarabily. 2021. "Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy." Science of The Total Environment 781, no. : 146978.

Research article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Animal Biotechnology
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The plants originated from an agroforestry system have gained immense importance in livestock health and production. The trial was planned to examine the effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MLE) supplementation on the performance, blood metabolites, immunity and lipid peroxidation in broiler chicks. A total of 350 day old broiler chicks were divided into negative control (MLE0), positive control (antibiotic; AB-enro), M. oleifera supplementation at the concentration of 60 (MLE60), 90 (MLE90) and 120 mL/L (MLE120) of drinking water. Performance parameters such as feed intake, body weight and feed conversion ratio, antibody titer against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis, heterophils and lymphocytes ratio, blood glucose, protein, and malanodialdehyde were determined. The results showed that carcass yield was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in MLE90 followed by MLE120 and AB-enro. MLE60 and MLE90 showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in antibody titer against New-castle (ND) and Infectious-bronchitis (IB) respectively. Significantly (p < 0.05) lower Heterophil to lymphocyte (H:L) ratio was observed in MLE90 and MLE120 compared to the negative control. Significantly (p < 0.05) lower blood glucose concentration and significantly (p < 0.05) higher mean serum protein value were found in MLE120. The MLE120 showed significantly (p < 0.05) lower concentration of malanodialdehyde (MDA). It was concluded that M. oleifera leaf extract supplementation at the concentration of 120 mL/L of drinking water improved carcass yield, immunity, blood metabolites and reduced lipid peroxidation in broiler chicks.

ACS Style

Aamir Khan; Muhammad Tahir; Ibrahim Alhidary; Mutassim Abdelrahman; Ayman A. Swelum; Rifat Ullah Khan. Role of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf extract on productive parameters, humoral immunity and lipid peroxidation in broiler chicks. Animal Biotechnology 2021, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Aamir Khan, Muhammad Tahir, Ibrahim Alhidary, Mutassim Abdelrahman, Ayman A. Swelum, Rifat Ullah Khan. Role of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf extract on productive parameters, humoral immunity and lipid peroxidation in broiler chicks. Animal Biotechnology. 2021; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aamir Khan; Muhammad Tahir; Ibrahim Alhidary; Mutassim Abdelrahman; Ayman A. Swelum; Rifat Ullah Khan. 2021. "Role of dietary Moringa oleifera leaf extract on productive parameters, humoral immunity and lipid peroxidation in broiler chicks." Animal Biotechnology , no. : 1-6.

Original research article
Published: 19 March 2021 in Frontiers in Veterinary Science
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Fattening performance, Carcass characteristics, chemical composition, and meat quality were evaluated in three sheep breeds: Awassi, Harri, and Najdi. Forty-five lambs of similar weight and age were raised for 90 days under similar conditions. The Harri and Najdi breeds had higher dressing-out percentages than Awassi sheep. The Awassi and Harri breeds had thicker backfat than the Najdi breed. No significant difference was found in moisture, protein, and intramuscular fat among the breeds. However, the Harri breed had a higher ash content than the Awassi and Najdi breeds. The Najdi breed had higher ultimate pH and lower cooking loss than the Awassi and Harri breeds. Awassi and Harri sheep had a higher myofibril fragmentation index, longer sarcomere length, and lower hardness and chewiness than Najdi sheep. Subjectively, no significant differences were detected between the breeds, except for flavor intensity while the Awassi sheep were rated in between and not significantly different. In conclusion, breed affected carcass characteristics, meat composition, and the quality of sheep. The dressing yield was higher in Harri and Najdi than Awassi sheep. Awassi sheep showed superior meat quality characteristics followed by Harri sheep. However, Najdi sheep had the best cooking loss percentage and flavor intensity score.

ACS Style

G. M. Suliman; A. N. Al-Owaimer; A. M. El-Waziry; E. O. S. Hussein; K. Abuelfatah; A. A. Swelum. A Comparative Study of Sheep Breeds: Fattening Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Meat Chemical Composition and Quality Attributes. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2021, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

G. M. Suliman, A. N. Al-Owaimer, A. M. El-Waziry, E. O. S. Hussein, K. Abuelfatah, A. A. Swelum. A Comparative Study of Sheep Breeds: Fattening Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Meat Chemical Composition and Quality Attributes. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2021; 8 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. M. Suliman; A. N. Al-Owaimer; A. M. El-Waziry; E. O. S. Hussein; K. Abuelfatah; A. A. Swelum. 2021. "A Comparative Study of Sheep Breeds: Fattening Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Meat Chemical Composition and Quality Attributes." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 8, no. : 1.

Review article
Published: 18 March 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Diseases negatively impact the environment, causing many health risks and the spread of pollution and hazards. A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a recent respiratory syndrome epidemic in humans. In December 2019, the sudden emergence of this new coronavirus and the subsequent severe disease it causes created a serious global health threat and hazards. This is in contrast to the two aforementioned coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 (in 2002) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus MERS-CoV (in 2012), which were much more easily contained. The World Health Organization (WHO) dubbed this contagious respiratory disease an “epidemic outbreak” in March 2020. More than 80 companies and research institutions worldwide are working together, in cooperation with many governmental agencies, to develop an effective vaccine. To date, six authorized vaccines have been registered. Up till now, no approved drugs and drug scientists are racing from development to clinical trials to find new drugs for COVID-19. Wild animals, such as snakes, bats, and pangolins are the main sources of coronaviruses, as determined by the sequence homology between MERS-CoV and viruses in these animals. Human infection is caused by inhalation of respiratory droplets. To date, the only available treatment protocol for COVID-19 is based on the prevalent clinical signs. This review aims to summarize the current information regarding the origin, evolution, genomic organization, epidemiology, and molecular and cellular characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 as well as the diagnostic and treatment approaches for COVID-19 and its impact on global health, environment, and economy.

ACS Style

Youssef A. Attia; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Ayman A. Swelum; Shaza Y.A. Qattan; Adel D. Al-Qurashi; Khalid A. Asiry; Manal E. Shafi; Ahmed R. Elbestawy; Ahmed R. Gado; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Hani Ba-Awadh; Ruchi Tiwari; Kuldeep Dhama; Bakr Alhussaini; Salem R. Alyileili; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. COVID-19: pathogenesis, advances in treatment and vaccine development and environmental impact—an updated review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 28, 22241 -22264.

AMA Style

Youssef A. Attia, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Ayman A. Swelum, Shaza Y.A. Qattan, Adel D. Al-Qurashi, Khalid A. Asiry, Manal E. Shafi, Ahmed R. Elbestawy, Ahmed R. Gado, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Elsayed O.S. Hussein, Hani Ba-Awadh, Ruchi Tiwari, Kuldeep Dhama, Bakr Alhussaini, Salem R. Alyileili, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. COVID-19: pathogenesis, advances in treatment and vaccine development and environmental impact—an updated review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; 28 (18):22241-22264.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Youssef A. Attia; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Ayman A. Swelum; Shaza Y.A. Qattan; Adel D. Al-Qurashi; Khalid A. Asiry; Manal E. Shafi; Ahmed R. Elbestawy; Ahmed R. Gado; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Hani Ba-Awadh; Ruchi Tiwari; Kuldeep Dhama; Bakr Alhussaini; Salem R. Alyileili; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. 2021. "COVID-19: pathogenesis, advances in treatment and vaccine development and environmental impact—an updated review." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 28, no. 18: 22241-22264.

Original article
Published: 07 March 2021 in Andrologia
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The present study aimed to explore the impact of onion (Allium cepa Linnaeus) extract on testicular damage induced by dexamethasone. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (control, dexamethasone, onion extract and dexamethasone group treated with onion extract). Testosterone levels, antioxidant parameters and the expression of caspase‐3 and IL‐1β, IL‐12, IL‐10 genes, as well as histopathological examination and immunohistochemical studies of Bcl2 and caspase‐9 expression, were examined. Dexamethasone was found to decrease GSH, total antioxidant activity and testosterone levels, meanwhile treatment with onion extract normalised these levels. MDA was increased in dexamethasone group but appeared normal in the treated group. Dexamethasone was shown to downregulate IL‐10 and IL‐2 gene expression. Conversely, IL‐1β and caspase‐3 gene expression were upregulated by dexamethasone and normalised in the treated group. Histopathological analysis found that dexamethasone caused atrophy to the seminiferous tubules and degeneration to spermatocytes, and immunohistochemical analysis showed overexpression of caspase‐9 and inhibited the expression of Bcl‐2 in dexamethasone group. These effects were normalised in the onion extract treated group. In conclusion, onion extract have a preventative effect against dexamethasone‐induced testicular damage in rats; therefore, its use in complementary therapy is recommended.

ACS Style

Mohamed A. Nassan; Mohamed M. Soliman; Adil Aldhahrani; Hanan B. El‐Saway; Ayman A. Swelum. Ameliorative impacts of Allium cepa Linnaeus aqueous extract against testicular damage induced by dexamethasone. Andrologia 2021, e13955 .

AMA Style

Mohamed A. Nassan, Mohamed M. Soliman, Adil Aldhahrani, Hanan B. El‐Saway, Ayman A. Swelum. Ameliorative impacts of Allium cepa Linnaeus aqueous extract against testicular damage induced by dexamethasone. Andrologia. 2021; ():e13955.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed A. Nassan; Mohamed M. Soliman; Adil Aldhahrani; Hanan B. El‐Saway; Ayman A. Swelum. 2021. "Ameliorative impacts of Allium cepa Linnaeus aqueous extract against testicular damage induced by dexamethasone." Andrologia , no. : e13955.

Erratum
Published: 03 March 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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ACS Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ayman E. Taha; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Muhammad Arif; Tugay Ayasan; Ayman A. Swelum; Mohammad H. Abukhalil; Saad Alkahtani; Lotfi Aleya; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020): 1–19/134399]. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 771, 145659 .

AMA Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Sameh A. Abdelnour, Ayman E. Taha, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Muhammad Arif, Tugay Ayasan, Ayman A. Swelum, Mohammad H. Abukhalil, Saad Alkahtani, Lotfi Aleya, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020): 1–19/134399]. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 771 ():145659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ayman E. Taha; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Muhammad Arif; Tugay Ayasan; Ayman A. Swelum; Mohammad H. Abukhalil; Saad Alkahtani; Lotfi Aleya; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020): 1–19/134399]." Science of The Total Environment 771, no. : 145659.

Review
Published: 21 February 2021 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Camel’s milk is an important part of staple diet in several parts of the world, particularly in the arid and semi-arid zones. Camel’s milk is rich in health-beneficial substances, such as bioactive peptides, lactoferrin, zinc, and mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids. These substances could help in the treatment of some important human diseases like tuberculosis, asthma, gastrointestinal diseases, and jaundice. Camel’s milk composition is more variable compared to cow’s milk. The effects of feed, breed, age, and lactation stage on milk composition are more significant in camel. Region and season significantly change the ratio of compounds in camel’s milk. Camel’s whey protein is not only composed of numerous soluble proteins, but also has indigenous proteases such as chymotrypsin A and cathepsin D. In addition to their high nutritional value, these whey proteins have unique characteristics, including physical, chemical, physiological, functional, and technological features that are useful in the food application. The hydrolysis of camel’s milk proteins leads to the formation of bioactive peptides, which affect major organ systems of the body and impart physiological functions to these systems. The camel’s milk has antioxidant, antimicrobial, angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides, antidiabetic as well as anticholesterol activities.

ACS Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed Abdo; Rabee A. Ombarak; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Gamaleldin Suliman; Ahmed R. Alhimaidi; Aiman A. Ammari; Hani Ba-Awadh; Ayman E. Taha; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. Nutritional, antimicrobial and medicinal properties of Camel’s milk: A review. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2021, 28, 3126 -3136.

AMA Style

Ayman A. Swelum, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Mohamed Abdo, Rabee A. Ombarak, Elsayed O.S. Hussein, Gamaleldin Suliman, Ahmed R. Alhimaidi, Aiman A. Ammari, Hani Ba-Awadh, Ayman E. Taha, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. Nutritional, antimicrobial and medicinal properties of Camel’s milk: A review. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2021; 28 (5):3126-3136.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed Abdo; Rabee A. Ombarak; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Gamaleldin Suliman; Ahmed R. Alhimaidi; Aiman A. Ammari; Hani Ba-Awadh; Ayman E. Taha; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. 2021. "Nutritional, antimicrobial and medicinal properties of Camel’s milk: A review." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 5: 3126-3136.

Review article
Published: 11 February 2021 in Poultry Science
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On the commercial level, the poultry industry strives to find new techniques to combat bird's infection. During the first week, mortality rate increases in birds because of several bacterial infections of about ten bacterial species, especially colisepticemia. This affects the flock production, uniformity, and suitability for slaughter because of chronic infections. Escherichia coli (E. coli) causes various disease syndromes in poultry, including yolk sac infection (omphalitis), respiratory tract infection, and septicemia. The E. coli infections in the neonatal poultry are being characterized by septicemia. The acute septicemia may cause death, while the subacute form could be characterized through pericarditis, airsacculitis, and perihepatitis. Many E. coli isolates are commonly isolated from commercial broiler chickens as serogroups O1, O2, and O78. Although prophylactic antibiotics were used to control mortality associated with bacterial infections of neonatal poultry in the past, the commercial poultry industry is searching for alternatives. This is because of the consumer's demand for reduced antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Despite the vast and rapid development in vaccine technologies against common chicken infectious diseases, no antibiotic alternatives are commercially available to prevent bacterial infections of neonatal chicks. Recent research confirmed the utility of probiotics to improve the health of neonatal poultry. However, probiotics were not efficacious to minimize death and clinical signs associated with neonatal chicks' bacterial infections. This review focuses on the causes of the increased mortality in broiler chicks during the first week of age and the methods used to minimize death.

ACS Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Ahmed R. Elbestawy; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Rashed Alhotan; Gamaleldin M. Suliman; Ayman E. Taha; Hani Ba-Awadh; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. Ways to minimize bacterial infections, with special reference to Escherichia coli, to cope with the first-week mortality in chicks: an updated overview. Poultry Science 2021, 100, 101039 .

AMA Style

Ayman A. Swelum, Ahmed R. Elbestawy, Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Elsayed O.S. Hussein, Rashed Alhotan, Gamaleldin M. Suliman, Ayman E. Taha, Hani Ba-Awadh, Khaled A. El-Tarabily, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. Ways to minimize bacterial infections, with special reference to Escherichia coli, to cope with the first-week mortality in chicks: an updated overview. Poultry Science. 2021; 100 (5):101039.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ayman A. Swelum; Ahmed R. Elbestawy; Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Elsayed O.S. Hussein; Rashed Alhotan; Gamaleldin M. Suliman; Ayman E. Taha; Hani Ba-Awadh; Khaled A. El-Tarabily; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack. 2021. "Ways to minimize bacterial infections, with special reference to Escherichia coli, to cope with the first-week mortality in chicks: an updated overview." Poultry Science 100, no. 5: 101039.

Erratum
Published: 08 February 2021 in Science of The Total Environment
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ACS Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ayman E. Taha; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Muhammad Arif; Tugay Ayasan; Ayman A. Swelum; Mohammad H. Abukhalil; Saad Alkahtani; Lotfi Aleya; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020) 1–19/134399]. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 767, 145624 .

AMA Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Sameh A. Abdelnour, Ayman E. Taha, Asmaa F. Khafaga, Muhammad Arif, Tugay Ayasan, Ayman A. Swelum, Mohammad H. Abukhalil, Saad Alkahtani, Lotfi Aleya, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020) 1–19/134399]. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 767 ():145624.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ayman E. Taha; Asmaa F. Khafaga; Muhammad Arif; Tugay Ayasan; Ayman A. Swelum; Mohammad H. Abukhalil; Saad Alkahtani; Lotfi Aleya; Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim. 2021. "Corrigendum to “Herbs as thermoregulation agents: A comprehensive review” [Sci. Total Environ. 703 (2020) 1–19/134399]." Science of The Total Environment 767, no. : 145624.

Regular articles
Published: 08 January 2021 in Tropical Animal Health and Production
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To investigate the effect of supplementation of L-arginine (AR) on sub-fertile buffalo-bulls’ ejaculates, 25 ejaculates of poor motility (40 to 55%) were collected by artificial vagina from 5 buffalo-bulls and extended with Tris-yolk extender (1:10) supplemented with different concentrations of AR (0, 3, 4, 5, and 6 mM). Semen was cooled gradually to 4 °C within 2 h and incubated at 4 °C for additional 2 h. Incubated semen samples were evaluated by computer-assisted semen analysis. Results showed that addition of 5 mM AR increased (P < 0.05) total sperm motility and rapid progressive motility percentages, while decreased (P < 0.05) non-motile sperm and static sperm percentages compared with AR-free (control) extender. Increasing the AR level to 6 mM increased (P < 0.05) the percentages of sperm progressive motility and rapid and slow progressive motilities, while decreased (P < 0.05) the non-progressive sperm motility percentages compared with AR-free extender. Supplementation of 5 mM AR improved (P < 0.05) sperm straight linear, curve linear, and average path velocities (36 ± 0.13, 20.6 ± 5.3, and 33.2 ± 8.5, respectively) in comparing with control and other AR treatments. Addition of AR (5 and 6 mM) improved (P < 0.05) the percentages of vitality (89.8 ± 1.9 and 80.0 ± 3.4, respectively), normality (44.3 ± 3.6 and 44.8 ± 1.5, respectively), and functional sperm (20.4 ± 8.6 and 21.0 ± 0.61, respectively), and decreased abnormal neck and tail percentages compared with AR-free extender. All AR levels decreased (P < 0.05) the abnormal neck and tail percentages. Addition of all AR levels had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase in semen extender. Supplementation of Tris-yolk extender with L-arginine (5 or 6 mM) can improve sperm motility, velocity, vitality, and functional sperm and can decrease tail and neck abnormalities of sub-fertile buffalo ejaculate after 4 h incubation at cool temperature.

ACS Style

Mohamed M. Hegazy; Abd El-Aziz M. Sakr; Ayman H. Abd El-Aziz; Ayman A. Swelum. Effect of adding different concentrations of L-arginine to Tris-yolk extender on the quality of sub-fertile ejaculates in buffalo. Tropical Animal Health and Production 2021, 53, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Mohamed M. Hegazy, Abd El-Aziz M. Sakr, Ayman H. Abd El-Aziz, Ayman A. Swelum. Effect of adding different concentrations of L-arginine to Tris-yolk extender on the quality of sub-fertile ejaculates in buffalo. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2021; 53 (1):1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed M. Hegazy; Abd El-Aziz M. Sakr; Ayman H. Abd El-Aziz; Ayman A. Swelum. 2021. "Effect of adding different concentrations of L-arginine to Tris-yolk extender on the quality of sub-fertile ejaculates in buffalo." Tropical Animal Health and Production 53, no. 1: 1-7.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2021 in Animal Reproduction Science
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Effects of amount of anechoic intrauterine fluid (IUF) and size of largest follicle at insemination on proportion of cows pregnant as a result of AI (P/AI percentage), as well as factors associated with amount of IUF and size of the follicle were investigated. Follicle size was determined, and amount of IUF in the largest uterine segment was categorized as containing no fluid, ≤10, >10–20, and >20 mm using the ultrasonic monitor grid in 735 cows at time of insemination. Multivariable regression models were constructed to evaluate effects of different variables on P/AI percentage, and variables associated with the IUF score and follicle size. On day 30 post-insemination, the P/AI percentage was greater in cows that had >10 to 20 mm IUF than cows with no IUF (OR = 1.9, P = 0.01), but on day 70 post-insemination, the P/AI percentage was similar in cows with different amounts of IUF. Follicle size was not associated with P/AI percentage on days 30 and 70 post-insemination. Cows in spontaneous estrus, multiparous cows, cows with a cystic structure and a typically functional follicle, and Holstein cows had a greater likelihood for a larger IUF value. Primiparous cows, cows on which there was imposing of a hormonal-ovulation-synchronization regimen, and crossbred cows were more likely to have smaller follicles. In conclusion, amount of IUF at the time of insemination and size of the follicle were not associated with P/AI percentage, and several variables were associated with amount of IUF or follicle size.

ACS Style

Hany Abdalla; Shebl E. Salem; Ibrahim Elsohaby; Ayman A. Swelum. Likelihood of pregnancy in cows identified with different amounts of anechoic intrauterine fluid at the time of insemination. Animal Reproduction Science 2021, 226, 106688 .

AMA Style

Hany Abdalla, Shebl E. Salem, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Ayman A. Swelum. Likelihood of pregnancy in cows identified with different amounts of anechoic intrauterine fluid at the time of insemination. Animal Reproduction Science. 2021; 226 ():106688.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hany Abdalla; Shebl E. Salem; Ibrahim Elsohaby; Ayman A. Swelum. 2021. "Likelihood of pregnancy in cows identified with different amounts of anechoic intrauterine fluid at the time of insemination." Animal Reproduction Science 226, no. : 106688.

Regular articles
Published: 07 January 2021 in Tropical Animal Health and Production
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This study determined the effects of antioxidant supplementation and storage time at cool temperatures on the characteristics of epididymal camel spermatozoa. Camel testes were collected at the abattoir after animal slaughtering and kept at 4 °C during transportation and until processing (max 6 h). Spermatozoa were retrieved and diluted with SHOTOR extender, split in aliquots, supplemented with the following antioxidants: 200 μm/mL vitamin E, 1.0 g/L vitamin C, 1 μg/mL selenium nanoparticles, 50 μg/mL zinc nanoparticles, 2 μg/mL sodium selenite, and 100 μg/mL zinc sulfate, and stored at 4 °C for 2, 48, 96, and 144 h. The storage time significantly affected (P < 0.05) the sperms’ motility and livability, the sperms’ membrane integrity, and the percentages of cytoplasmic droplets as well as the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa. Epididymal sperm characteristics (progressive motility, livability, membrane integrity, and abnormalities) were significantly improved (P < 0.05) when the spermatozoa were diluted with antioxidants as compared with the control group, and the best additives were identified as nano-selenium, sodium selenite, nano-zinc, and zinc sulfate. In conclusion, adding nano-sized minerals or inorganic trace elements and vitamins maintained the progressive motility, livability, and membrane integrity, and decreased abnormalities and cytoplasmic droplet percentages of epididymal camel spermatozoa stored at 4 °C up to 144 h.

ACS Style

Mohamed A. Shahin; Wael A. Khalil; Islam M. Saadeldin; Ayman A. Swelum; Mostafa A. El-Harairy. Effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, or their nanoparticles on camel epididymal spermatozoa stored at 4 °C. Tropical Animal Health and Production 2021, 53, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Mohamed A. Shahin, Wael A. Khalil, Islam M. Saadeldin, Ayman A. Swelum, Mostafa A. El-Harairy. Effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, or their nanoparticles on camel epididymal spermatozoa stored at 4 °C. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2021; 53 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed A. Shahin; Wael A. Khalil; Islam M. Saadeldin; Ayman A. Swelum; Mostafa A. El-Harairy. 2021. "Effects of vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, zinc, or their nanoparticles on camel epididymal spermatozoa stored at 4 °C." Tropical Animal Health and Production 53, no. 1: 1-9.

Papers
Published: 01 January 2021 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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The aim of this study was to extend the shelf life of raw buffalo meat by coating with high solubility bioactive peptides (BPs). In this work, BPs (11S) of pea and red kidney beans were obtained by different isolation techniques. Alcalase-red kidney bean hydrolysate (RBAH) successfully obtained after 60 min enzymatic hydrolysis for red kidney bean protein isolate (RPI) by Alcalase (E/S ratio of 1:100, hydrolysis degree 30%). The 11S pea globulin (11SGP) was isolated from pea total protein by ammonium sulphate. BPs were characterised by SDS-PAGE and used as a shield coated raw buffalo meat because of their basic nature. The isolated peptides have considerable antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH assay. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by well diffusion assay; however, antifungal activity was estimated by disc diffusion assay. RBAH and 11SGP (800 µg/mL) were significantly (p ≤ .05) scavenged 90, 92% of DPPH˙, however, 60 µg/mL concentration was significantly (p ≤ .05) reduced 48–89% of gram-positive, and 38–82% of gram-negative bacteria, respectively, and they were inhibited 88% of fungal growth. The BPs (400 µg/g) were significantly reduced (p ≤ .05) the increment of meat pH and myoglobin oxidation to an acceptable percentage of metmyoglobin (MetMb) (40%) for 15–20 d via eliminating 44% of bacterial load and maintained secured storage for two weeks. RBAH was significantly increased (p ≤ .05) a*, and b* values and enhanced the meat redness, but a* value was decreased during storage. RBAH and 11SGP (400 µg/g) (p ≤ .05) was maintained the meat colour and odour by 48–68% and 64–73% after two weeks of cold storage, respectively. The tested peptides could be safely applied in novel foods.

ACS Style

Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Ayman A. Swelum; Saad I. Al-Sultan; Waleed R. El-Ghareeb; Elsayed O. S. Hussein; Hani A. Ba-Awadh; Behairy A. Akl; Maha M. Nader. Enhancing quality and safety of raw buffalo meat using the bioactive peptides of pea and red kidney bean under refrigeration conditions. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021, 20, 762 -776.

AMA Style

Mohamed T. El-Saadony, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Ayman A. Swelum, Saad I. Al-Sultan, Waleed R. El-Ghareeb, Elsayed O. S. Hussein, Hani A. Ba-Awadh, Behairy A. Akl, Maha M. Nader. Enhancing quality and safety of raw buffalo meat using the bioactive peptides of pea and red kidney bean under refrigeration conditions. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2021; 20 (1):762-776.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohamed T. El-Saadony; Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack; Ayman A. Swelum; Saad I. Al-Sultan; Waleed R. El-Ghareeb; Elsayed O. S. Hussein; Hani A. Ba-Awadh; Behairy A. Akl; Maha M. Nader. 2021. "Enhancing quality and safety of raw buffalo meat using the bioactive peptides of pea and red kidney bean under refrigeration conditions." Italian Journal of Animal Science 20, no. 1: 762-776.

Review article
Published: 15 December 2020 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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COVID-19 virus is classified as a respiratory disease that can be mainly transmitted via respiratory droplets, however, there are recently published reports suggested its ability to transmit via sexual intercourse, assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments, pregnancy, and nursing. Although SARS‐CoV‐2 mainly attacks respiratory systems, manifestations of multiple organs have been detected. A significant concern was raised about whether COVID‐19 may affect female and male reproductive functions. These findings imposed more restrictions on social relationships between individuals even if inside the family, adding more physiologic load. In this context, there is a crucial need to identify the biological and behavioral reproductive risk factors associated with COVID­19 disease. Questions regarding the potential risks of sexual transmission during intercourse and/or application of ART, vertical transmission (throughout pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding), the health of pregnant and postpartum women, and fetal or postnatal health problems of neonates/children remain largely unanswered. The contribution of individuals to different social and economic activities depends on the maintenance of good quality life and health. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic raised on the end of December 2019 has drastically affected different aspects of human wellbeing. The pandemic not only affected the health of individuals, but also negatively affected mental health and social interaction. Up to date, however, COVID-19 virus is classified as a respiratory disease that can be mainly transmitted via respiratory droplets; recent reports suggested its ability to transmit via sexual intercourse, assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments, pregnancy and nursing. These findings imposed more restricted social distancing between individuals even if inside the family to avoid the possibility of contagion. In this context, there is a crucial need to identify the biological and behavioral reproductive risk factors associated with COVID­19 disease. Questions regarding the potential risks of sexual transmission during intercourse and/or application of ART, vertical transmission (throughout pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding), the health of pregnant and postpartum women, and fetal or postnatal health problems of neonates/children remain largely unanswered. This review illustrates: a) scientific findings related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reproductive process, considering gender, hormonal balance, gonad functions, pregnancy, and ART, b) the sociosexual dimension of COVID-19 disease and precautions that should be taken to avoid infection via sexual transmission or vertical transmission, which may alleviate the fear associated with continuing normal social relationships and economic activities.

ACS Style

Nesrein M. Hashem; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ahmad R. Alhimaidi; Ayman A. Swelum. Potential impacts of COVID-19 on reproductive health: Scientific findings and social dimension. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2020, 28, 1702 -1712.

AMA Style

Nesrein M. Hashem, Sameh A. Abdelnour, Ahmad R. Alhimaidi, Ayman A. Swelum. Potential impacts of COVID-19 on reproductive health: Scientific findings and social dimension. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020; 28 (3):1702-1712.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nesrein M. Hashem; Sameh A. Abdelnour; Ahmad R. Alhimaidi; Ayman A. Swelum. 2020. "Potential impacts of COVID-19 on reproductive health: Scientific findings and social dimension." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 3: 1702-1712.