Introduction: The Mediterranean diet is rich in bioactive compounds that have protective effects against metabolic disorders, and insulin resistance and reduce weight. Objective: To explore the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and central obesity as well as related metabolic disorders. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 480 participants between the ages (18 - 65) years who were diagnosed with metabolic disorders. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire to determine socio-demographic data, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical laboratory results of metabolic parameters. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener was used to measure the adherence of participants to the Mediterranean Diet. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to measure the strength and magnitude of association between parameters. Results: The results show that higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet has significantly (P< 0.05) and inversely associated with triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol, cholesterol/ HDL ratio, triglyceride/ HDL ratio, HbA1c, fasting blood sugar, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio by 39.64, 44.2, 1.284, 2.2, 4.062, 0.682, 3.36, 0.634, and 0.023 units, respectively, for each unit increase in the Mediterranean diet score. The results also show that the HDL- -cholesterol will increase by 7.56 for each unit increase in the Mediterranean diet score. Conclusion: adherence to the Mediterranean diet should be considered a key aspect of public health nutritional strategies to control the increasing prevalence of obesity and metabolic disorders

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a common gynecological problem. Several risk factors have been identified to contribute to the main pathophysiological mechanism of prolapse development. However, the POP data in the Eastern Mediterranean region, including Jordan, are limited, and the risk factors associated with POP were mainly obesity and high number of vaginal deliveries. Since Jordan has a high prevalence of obesity, parity, and type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed primarily to identify the modifiable and non-modifiable factors associated with POP in Jordanian women, and secondly, to evaluate the impact of POP stages on their quality of life. Methods: This study was an age-matched case-control study conducted at the gynecology outpatient clinics at Jordan University Hospital from March 1, 2022, to December 15, 2022. The POP quantification system was used as a standardized method to identify the cases and controls. Sociodemographic, obstetrics, and gynecological characteristics were obtained and correlated with POP. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the independent predictive factors of prolapse occurrence. The Prolapse Quality of Life questionnaire was employed to assess the impact of prolapse across the stages of prolapse. Results: One hundred fifty cases and 150 controls were enrolled in this study, with a median age of 44.5 years. Cystocele and rectocele were the most identified types of prolapse. Nearly 65% of women reported that they had an episiotomy during their deliveries, and 14% reported that there was a family history of prolapse. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that obesity (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.07– 5.84, p = 0.03), episiotomy (AOR = 2.88, 95% CI 1.41– 5.89, p = 0.004) and family history of prolapse (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI 1.3– 9.2, p = 0.013) were associated with POP. Impairment in the quality of life was significantly higher across prolapse severity stages. Conclusion: In Jordan, obesity, episiotomy, and a family history were associated with POP. Quality of life for women with POP was notably impaired as the severity of the prolapse increased.

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between iron metabolism indicators such as ferritin and transferrin levels and glycosylated hemoglobin. Another goal of the current study is to draw the attention of the scientific and medical community to a very important issue regarding diagnostic and follow-up the diabetic patients which is the effect of iron status on HbA1c level. A cross-sectional study was conducted on (n=300) participants. The participant was assigned into three groups: the diabetes group (n=101), the prediabetes group (n=100), and the control group (n=99). A structured questionnaire with sociodemographic data and biochemical tests was applied. The results of the study found that there were significant differences in age among groups (p=0.05), with the diabetic group being younger than other groups. There is a direct positive relationship between HbA1c levels and ferritin (β=2%, p=0.001) and fasting blood sugar (β=1.8%, p=0.001). The findings also show an inverse relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin and transferrin (β=0.1%, p=0.001), as well as mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (β=1.8%, p=0.001). The study finding confirms a positive correlation between HbA1c with ferritin levels and a negative association with transferrin. Iron status in diabetes patients' treatment plans should considered while the interpretation of the HbA1c concentrations. In addition, diabetes patients' treatment plans should take ferritin level adjustment into account.

Background and Objective: Childhood obesity is a growing global health concern associated with sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy dietary habits, with substantial health consequences during both childhood and adulthood. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children aged 6-12 years and to identify key factors associated with these conditions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 children enrolled in two primary schools, including a public Arabic-language school and a public language school, in East Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.7 and 12.7%, respectively. Girls had higher prevalences of both overweight and obesity than boys. Body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with age and inversely correlated with meal frequency and physical activity. Consumption of specific foods, including meatballs, shrimp, and burgers, as well as soft drinks, was associated with higher BMI. Logistic regression analysis identified the father's occupation and late dinner consumption as significant predictors of obesity, whereas regular breakfast consumption was associated with a lower likelihood of obesity. Conclusion: Socioeconomic factors and specific dietary habits are important predictors of childhood obesity. Preventive strategies targeting healthy dietary practices, regular meal patterns, and increased physical activity may help reduce the risk of overweight and obesity among school-age children.