Background: Digitalization of healthcare led to the optimization of monitoring, diagnostics, and treatment of the range of disorders. Taking into account recent situation with COVID-19 pandemics, digital technologies allowed to improve management of viral infections via remote monitoring and diagnostics of infected patients. Up to date, various mobile health applications (apps) have been proposed, including apps for the patients diagnosed with cardiovascular pathologies. Objective: The presented review aimed at the analyses of a range of mHealth solutions used to improve primary cardiac care. In addition, we studied the factors driving and hindering the wide introduction of mHealth services in the clinics. Methods: The work was based on the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. The publication search was carried out using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Studies published during the period from 2014 until January 2022 were selected for the analysis. The evaluation of risk of bias for the included studies was conducted using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool. Results and Discussion: An overall 5513 studies were assessed for eligibility after which 39 studies were included.. The main trend in the mobile health for cardiological applications is the use of different types of wearable devices and Artificial Intelligence-platforms. In fact, mobile technology allows remotely to monitor, interpret, and analyze biomedical data collected from the patient. Conclusion: The results of this literature search demonstrated that patients diagnosed with cardiovascular disorders can potentially benefit from the application of mHealth in cardiology. However, despite the proven advantages of mHealth for cardiology, there are many challenges and concerns regarding effectiveness, safety, reliability and the lack of official regulation and guidelines from official organizations. Such issues require solutions and further work towards a wide implementation of mHealth technologies in cardiac practice.

The effectiveness of an amphoteric cryogel (AAC) as an oral sorbent (enerosorbent) for the treatment of acute poisoning of small animals (rats) with heavy metals (HMs) was studied in in vivo experiments. The morphological structure of the cryogel was examined using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and confocal microscopy. The use of the cryogel in the treatment of rats administered an LD₅₀ dose of Cd(NO₃)₂, CsNO₃, Sr(NO₃)₂, or HgCl₂ in aqueous solution showed their high survival rate compared to the control group, which did not receive such treatment. The histological and chemical analysis of internal tissues and the biochemical analysis of the blood of the experimental animals showed the effectiveness of the cryogel in protecting the animals against the damaging effect of HMs on the organism comparable with unithiol, a chelating agent based on 2,3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid sodium salt (DMPS) approved for the treatment of acute poisoning with some heavy metals.

The negative effects of ionizing radiation on organs and the reproductive system are well known and documented. Exposure to gamma radiation can lead to oligospermia, azoospermia and DNA damage. Up ...

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health concern globally, despite sustained declines in incidence in many countries. Kazakhstan has implemented long-term national TB control strategies; however, comprehensive nationwide analyses integrating temporal trends, demographic patterns, and treatment outcomes over the past decade remain limited. Methods: A nationwide retrospective registry-based analysis of programmatic TB treatment episodes was conducted using anonymized data from the national tuberculosis registry of the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan. All registered TB cases from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2023 were included. Treatment outcome was analyzed as the final end-of-episode programmatic status (favorable vs. unfavorable). Because the anonymized extract did not contain complete patient-level dates required to derive person-time (treatment initiation and event dates), time-to-event models were not applied; instead, factors associated with unfavorable end-of-treatment outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and reported as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% CIs. Unfavorable treatment outcomes were defined as death, treatment failure, loss to follow-up, and not evaluated or not recorded outcome, according to the national TB program outcome definitions. Results: A total of 93,985 TB cases were analyzed. The number of registered cases declined from 16,391 in 2014 to 6548 in 2023, corresponding to a cumulative reduction of 60.1% and an AAPC of −9.7% per year. TB incidence decreased in both sexes, although rates remained consistently higher among men. Over time, the peak incidence shifted toward older age groups, particularly among men. The proportion of new cases increased to 80.1% by 2023, while relapses and treatment failures declined. In multivariable analysis, unfavorable treatment outcomes were independently associated with male sex (aOR 1.25), older age, relapse, treatment after interruption, prior treatment failure, smear-positive disease (aOR 1.60), combined pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvement, and disseminated TB (ICD-10 A19). The risk of unfavorable outcomes increased during 2020–2021 and declined in 2022–2023. Conclusions: Kazakhstan has achieved a substantial and sustained reduction in TB incidence over the past decade. Nevertheless, marked demographic and clinical disparities persist, particularly among men, older patients, smear-positive cases, and individuals with prior or interrupted treatment. Targeted interventions focused on these high-risk groups may further improve treatment outcomes and support continued progress toward TB control.

Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to scrutinize the ability of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent radiation-induced damage to human cells. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to ionizing radiation at three low doses (22.62 mGy, 45.27 mGy, and 67.88 mGy) in the presence of EACA at the concentration of 50 ng/mL. Results: EACA was able to prevent cell death induced by low-dose X-ray radiation and suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). EACA also demonstrated a capacity to protect DNA from radiation-induced damage. The data indicated that EACA is capable of suppression of radiation-induced apoptosis. Comparative tests of antioxidative activity of EACA and a range of free radical scavengers showed an ability of EACA to effectively inhibit the generation of ROS. Conclusions: This study showed that the pretreatment of PBMCs with EACA is able to protect the cells from radiation-elicited damage, including free radicals’ formation, DNA damage, and apoptosis.