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Prof. Gihwan Cho
Jeonbuk National University

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Information Security
0 Wireless Internet
0 Computer Communication
0 Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
0 IoT protocols

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)

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Short Biography

Gi Hwan Cho received the B.S. degree from Chonnam University, Gwangju, South Korea, in 1985, and the M.S. degree from Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, in 1987, both in computer science. He received a Ph.D. degree in Computing Science from the University of Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, England in 1996. He worked for ETRI (Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute), Daejeon, South Korea, as a Senior Member of Technical Staff from September 1987 to August 1997, for the Department of Computer Science at Mokpo National University, Mokpo, South Korea, as a full-time Lecturer from September 1997 to February 1999. From March 1999, he joined the Division of Computer Science and Engineering at Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea, and he is currently serving as a Professor. His current research interests include mobile computing, computer communication, security on wireless networks, WSNs, and distributed computing systems.

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Journal article
Published: 18 August 2021 in Electronics
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In this work, we examine the privacy and safety issues of Internet of Things (IoT)-based Precision Agriculture (PA), which could lead to the problem that industry is currently experiencing as a result of Intellectual Property Theft (IPT). Increasing IoT-based information flow in PA will make a system less secure if a proper security mechanism is not ensured. Shortly, IoT will transform everyday lives with its applications. Intellectual Property (IP) is another important concept of an intelligent farming system. If the IP of a wise farming system leaks, it damages all intellectual ideas like cultivation patterns, plant variety rights, and IoT generated information of IoT-based PA. Thus, we proposed an IoT enabled SDN gateway regulatory system that ensures control of a foreign device without having access to sensitive farm information. Most of the farm uses its devices without the use of its integrated management and memory unit. An SDN-based structure to solve IP theft in precision farming has been proposed. In our proposed concept, a control system integrates with the cloud server, which is called the control hub. This hub will carry out the overall PA monitoring system. By hiring the farm devices in the agricultural system, these devices must be tailored according to our systems. Therefore, our proposed PA is a management system for all controllable inputs. The overall goal is to increase the probability of profit and reduce the likelihood of IPT. It does not only give more information but also improves information securely by enhancing the overall performance of PA. Our proposed PA architecture has been measured based on the throughput, round trip time, jitter, packet error rate, and the cumulative distribution function. Our achieved results reduced around (1.66–6.46)% compared to the previous research. In the future, blockchain will be integrated with this proposed architecture for further implementation.

ACS Style

Selim Hossain; Habibur Rahman; Sazzadur Rahman; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Changho Seo; Gi Hwan Cho. Intellectual Property Theft Protection in IoT Based Precision Agriculture Using SDN. Electronics 2021, 10, 1987 .

AMA Style

Selim Hossain, Habibur Rahman, Sazzadur Rahman, A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Changho Seo, Gi Hwan Cho. Intellectual Property Theft Protection in IoT Based Precision Agriculture Using SDN. Electronics. 2021; 10 (16):1987.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Selim Hossain; Habibur Rahman; Sazzadur Rahman; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Changho Seo; Gi Hwan Cho. 2021. "Intellectual Property Theft Protection in IoT Based Precision Agriculture Using SDN." Electronics 10, no. 16: 1987.

Journal article
Published: 29 July 2021 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Autism is a disability that obstructs the process of a person’s development. Autistic individuals find it extremely difficult to cope with the world’s pace, can not communicate properly, and unable to express their feelings appropriately. Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Internet of Things (IoT) are used in several medical applications, and autistic individuals can be assisted using the proper use of automated systems. In this paper, some of the research works in the field of application of AI, ML, and IoT in autism were reviewed. State-of-the-art articles were collected and around 58 articles were selected which have significant contribution in this field. The selected research works were analyzed, represented, and compared. Finally, incorporation of the autism facilities in smart city environment is described, some research gaps and challenges were pointed out, and recommendations were provided for further research work.

ACS Style

Tapotosh Ghosh; Hasan Al Banna; Sazzadur Rahman; M. Shamim Kaiser; Mufti Mahmud; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. Artificial intelligence and internet of things in screening and management of autism spectrum disorder. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 74, 103189 .

AMA Style

Tapotosh Ghosh, Hasan Al Banna, Sazzadur Rahman, M. Shamim Kaiser, Mufti Mahmud, A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho. Artificial intelligence and internet of things in screening and management of autism spectrum disorder. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 74 ():103189.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tapotosh Ghosh; Hasan Al Banna; Sazzadur Rahman; M. Shamim Kaiser; Mufti Mahmud; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. 2021. "Artificial intelligence and internet of things in screening and management of autism spectrum disorder." Sustainable Cities and Society 74, no. : 103189.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in IEEE Internet of Things Journal
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Efficient task and resource allocation techniques are critical to managing the relationships between the components of cloud, fog, and mist-assisted internet of things networks. Fulfilling this function necessarily implicates concerns between two affected groups, users, who prioritize cost-effectiveness and latency, and service providers, who prioritize efficient and cost-effective resource management. While there is no single solution that is capable of simultaneously wholly optimizing the experiences of both groups, solutions that ensure mutual satisfaction can be achieved. To accomplish this, we developed an algorithm that first derives two objective functions, user and service provider satisfaction, from data concerning service provisioning, user preferences, and resources utilization. The algorithm then combines these functions into a mutual objective function that maximizes satisfaction of both individuals. Next, available computing nodes are ordered in a list, prioritizing by compromising factors, and the most appropriate node(s) for task completion are selected. The proposed algorithm was tested extensively through simulations and compared with existing techniques. Ultimately, the proposed algorithm outperformed alternatives across every metric, illustrating its utility as a means of achieving mutual satisfaction and improving quality of service.

ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Pradip Kumar Sharma; Gi Hwan Cho. MSRM-IoT: A Reliable Resource Management for Cloud, Fog and Mist Assisted IoT Networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2021, PP, 1 -1.

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Pradip Kumar Sharma, Gi Hwan Cho. MSRM-IoT: A Reliable Resource Management for Cloud, Fog and Mist Assisted IoT Networks. IEEE Internet of Things Journal. 2021; PP (99):1-1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Pradip Kumar Sharma; Gi Hwan Cho. 2021. "MSRM-IoT: A Reliable Resource Management for Cloud, Fog and Mist Assisted IoT Networks." IEEE Internet of Things Journal PP, no. 99: 1-1.

Review
Published: 11 January 2021 in Sensors
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Ensuring soil strength, as well as preliminary construction cost and duration prediction, is a very crucial and preliminary aspect of any construction project. Similarly, building strong structures is very important in geotechnical engineering to ensure the bearing capability of structures against external forces. Hence, in this first-of-its-kind state-of-the-art review, the capability of various artificial intelligence (AI)-based models toward accurate prediction and estimation of preliminary construction cost, duration, and shear strength is explored. Initially, background regarding the revolutionary AI technology along with its different models suited for geotechnical and construction engineering is presented. Various existing works in the literature on the usage of AI-based models for the abovementioned applications of construction and maintenance are presented along with their advantages, limitations, and future work. Through analysis, various crucial input parameters with great impact on the estimation of preliminary construction cost, duration, and soil shear strength are enumerated and presented. Lastly, various challenges in using AI-based models for accurate predictions in these applications, as well as factors contributing to the cost-overrun issues, are presented. This study can, thus, greatly assist civil engineers in efficiently using the capabilities of AI for solving complex and risk-sensitive tasks, and it can also be used in Internet of things (IoT) environments for automated applications such as smart structural health-monitoring systems.

ACS Style

Sparsh Sharma; Suhaib Ahmed; Mohd Naseem; Waleed S. Alnumay; Saurabh Singh; Gi Hwan Cho. A Survey on Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Pre-Parametric Project Cost and Soil Shear-Strength Estimation in Construction and Geotechnical Engineering. Sensors 2021, 21, 463 .

AMA Style

Sparsh Sharma, Suhaib Ahmed, Mohd Naseem, Waleed S. Alnumay, Saurabh Singh, Gi Hwan Cho. A Survey on Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Pre-Parametric Project Cost and Soil Shear-Strength Estimation in Construction and Geotechnical Engineering. Sensors. 2021; 21 (2):463.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sparsh Sharma; Suhaib Ahmed; Mohd Naseem; Waleed S. Alnumay; Saurabh Singh; Gi Hwan Cho. 2021. "A Survey on Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Pre-Parametric Project Cost and Soil Shear-Strength Estimation in Construction and Geotechnical Engineering." Sensors 21, no. 2: 463.

Journal article
Published: 09 October 2020 in IEEE Access
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Predicting the time, location and magnitude of an earthquake is a challenging job as an earthquake does not show specific patterns resulting in inaccurate predictions. Techniques based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) are well known for their capability to find hidden patterns in data. In the case of earthquake prediction, these models also produce a promising outcome. This work systematically explores the contributions made to date in earthquake prediction using AI-based techniques. A total of 84 scientific research papers, which reported the use of AI-based techniques in earthquake prediction, have been selected from different academic databases. These studies include a range of AI techniques including rule-based methods, shallow machine learning and deep learning algorithms. Covering all existing AI-based techniques in earthquake prediction, this paper provides an account of the available methodologies and a comparative analysis of their performances. The performance comparison has been reported from the perspective of used datasets and evaluation metrics. Furthermore, using comparative analysis of performances the paper aims to facilitate the selection of appropriate techniques for earthquake prediction. Towards the end, it outlines some open challenges and potential research directions in the field.

ACS Style

Hasan Al Banna; Kazi Abu Taher; M. Shamim Kaiser; Mufti Mahmud; Sazzadur Rahman; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Earthquakes: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 192880 -192923.

AMA Style

Hasan Al Banna, Kazi Abu Taher, M. Shamim Kaiser, Mufti Mahmud, Sazzadur Rahman, A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho. Application of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Earthquakes: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):192880-192923.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hasan Al Banna; Kazi Abu Taher; M. Shamim Kaiser; Mufti Mahmud; Sazzadur Rahman; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. 2020. "Application of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Earthquakes: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 192880-192923.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Sustainability
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The green industrial Internet of things (IIoT) is emerging as a new paradigm, which envisions the concept of connecting different devices and reducing energy consumption. In multi-hop low power and lossy network, a resource-constrained node should aware of its energy consumption while routing the data packets. As part of IoT, the routing protocol for low power and lossy network (RPL) is considered to be a default routing standard. Recently, RPL has gained a significant maturity, but still, energy optimization is one of the main issues, because the default objective function (OF), which makes routing decision mainly based on a single parameter, such as link quality, and ignores the energy cost. Therefore, this paper aims to consider the concept of green IIoT concerning how a routing approach can achieve energy efficiency in resource-constrained IoT networks. For this, we propose a resource aware and reliable OF (RAROF), which constructs an optimum routing path by exploiting the information regarding the duty cycle, link quality, energy condition, and resource availability of a node. In addition, we propose node vulnerability index (NVI), a new routing metric that identifies the vulnerable nodes in terms of energy. To deal with the diverse data traffic of the IIoT network, we implement a multi-queuing based traffic differentiation approach that ensures the application requirements. The extensive simulation results show that the proposed RAROF can effectively extend the lifetime of the network, enhance the energy efficiency, and achieve higher reliability than that of other OFs. In this way, RAROF makes a routing decision with the purpose of extending network lifetime and minimizing energy depletion, paving the way towards green IIoT.

ACS Style

Khadak Bhandari; Gi Cho. An Energy Efficient Routing Approach for Cloud-Assisted Green Industrial IoT Networks. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7358 .

AMA Style

Khadak Bhandari, Gi Cho. An Energy Efficient Routing Approach for Cloud-Assisted Green Industrial IoT Networks. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7358.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khadak Bhandari; Gi Cho. 2020. "An Energy Efficient Routing Approach for Cloud-Assisted Green Industrial IoT Networks." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7358.

Journal article
Published: 03 September 2020 in Results in Physics
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In this paper, an asymmetric photonic crystal fiber (PCF) working on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been proposed and demonstrated using the wavelength interrogation method and lower birefringence peak method. The proposed sensor contains a D-shaped analyte channel that can detect unknown analytes within the sensing range of 1.42-1.47 refractive index units (RIU) of the analytes. The structural asymmetry induces orthogonal x and y polarization modes. The numerical investigations with the finite element method (FEM) reveal that the sensor has a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 80,000nm/RIU with a sensor resolution of 1.25×10-6 RIU for the y polarization mode and the maximum figure of merit (FOM) is found to be of 370.4 RIU-1. For the x polarization mode, the sensor exhibits a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 53,000nm/RIU with a resolution of 1.89×10-6 RIU, having a maximum figure of merit (FOM) of 351 RIU-1. These results are found by using the wavelength interrogation method via confinement loss. On the other hand, the lower birefringence peak method-based analysis reveals a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 50,000nm/RIU with a resolution of 2×10-6 RIU. As such, it is highly suitable for organic chemical detections and medical diagnostics. In addition, this paper studies the fabrication tolerance on the sensor performance.

ACS Style

M. Ifaz Ahmad Isti; Hriteshwar Talukder; S.M. Riazul Islam; Samiha Nuzhat; A.S.M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho; Shovasis Kumar Biswas. Asymmetrical D-channel photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic sensor using the wavelength interrogation and lower birefringence peak method. Results in Physics 2020, 19, 103372 .

AMA Style

M. Ifaz Ahmad Isti, Hriteshwar Talukder, S.M. Riazul Islam, Samiha Nuzhat, A.S.M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho, Shovasis Kumar Biswas. Asymmetrical D-channel photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic sensor using the wavelength interrogation and lower birefringence peak method. Results in Physics. 2020; 19 ():103372.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. Ifaz Ahmad Isti; Hriteshwar Talukder; S.M. Riazul Islam; Samiha Nuzhat; A.S.M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho; Shovasis Kumar Biswas. 2020. "Asymmetrical D-channel photonic crystal fiber-based plasmonic sensor using the wavelength interrogation and lower birefringence peak method." Results in Physics 19, no. : 103372.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2020 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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In the digital era, the smart city can become an intelligent society by utilizing advances in emerging technologies. Specifically, the rapid adoption of blockchain technology has led a paradigm shift to a new digital smart city ecosystem. A broad spectrum of blockchain applications promise solutions for problems in areas ranging from risk management and financial services to cryptocurrency, and from the Internet of Things (IoT) to public and social services. Furthermore, the convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain technology is revolutionizing the smart city network architecture to build sustainable ecosystems. However, these advancements in technologies bring both opportunities and challenges when it comes to achieving the goals of creating a sustainable smart cities. This paper provides a comprehensive literature review of the security issues and problems that impact the deployment of blockchain systems in smart cities. This work presents a detailed discussion of several key factors for the convergence of Blockchain and AI technologies that will help form a sustainable smart society. We discuss blockchain security enhancement solutions, summarizing the key points that can be used for developing various blockchain-AI based intelligent transportation systems. Also, we discuss the issues that remain open and our future research direction, this includes new security suggestions and future guidelines for a sustainable smart city ecosystem.

ACS Style

Saurabh Singh; Pradip Kumar Sharma; ByungUn Yoon; Mohammad Shojafar; Gi Hwan Cho; In-Ho Ra. Convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in IoT network for the sustainable smart city. Sustainable Cities and Society 2020, 63, 102364 .

AMA Style

Saurabh Singh, Pradip Kumar Sharma, ByungUn Yoon, Mohammad Shojafar, Gi Hwan Cho, In-Ho Ra. Convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in IoT network for the sustainable smart city. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2020; 63 ():102364.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saurabh Singh; Pradip Kumar Sharma; ByungUn Yoon; Mohammad Shojafar; Gi Hwan Cho; In-Ho Ra. 2020. "Convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in IoT network for the sustainable smart city." Sustainable Cities and Society 63, no. : 102364.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management
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ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Saurabh Singh; Pradip Kumar Sharma; Sazzadur Rahman; In-Ho Ra; Gi Hwan Cho; Deepak Puthal. A QoS-Aware Data Collection Protocol for LLNs in Fog-Enabled Internet of Things. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2019, 17, 430 -444.

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Saurabh Singh, Pradip Kumar Sharma, Sazzadur Rahman, In-Ho Ra, Gi Hwan Cho, Deepak Puthal. A QoS-Aware Data Collection Protocol for LLNs in Fog-Enabled Internet of Things. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management. 2019; 17 (1):430-444.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Saurabh Singh; Pradip Kumar Sharma; Sazzadur Rahman; In-Ho Ra; Gi Hwan Cho; Deepak Puthal. 2019. "A QoS-Aware Data Collection Protocol for LLNs in Fog-Enabled Internet of Things." IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 17, no. 1: 430-444.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2019 in Electronics
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Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to have a significant impact on city’s service provisioning and make a smart city more accessible and pragmatic since the deployment of heterogeneous smart devices in each infrastructure of cities is increasing. So far, the IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) is considered to fit on IoT infrastructure for achieving the expected network requirements. While RPL meets the IoT network requirements quite well, there are some issues that need to be addressed, such as adaptability to network dynamics. This issue significantly limits the use of RPL in many smart city application scenarios, such as emergency alerts with high traffic flows. As part of a smart city vision, IoT applications are becoming more diverse, which requires context-awareness in routing protocols to support the behavior of the network. To address this issue, we design an objective function that performs the route selection based on fuzzy logic techniques while using contextual information from the application. For this, we present a new context-oriented objective function (COOF) that comprises both nodes as well as link metrics. Further, we suggest two new routing metrics, known as queue fluctuation index (QFI) and residual energy index (REI), which consider the status of queue utilization and remaining energy, respectively. The metrics used are designed to respond to the dynamic needs of the network. The proposed approach has been examined and evaluated in different scenarios when compared to other similar approach and default RPL objective functions. Simulation experiments are conducted in Cooja network simulator for Contiki OS. The evaluation results show that COOF can cope with network dynamics and IoT-based smart city application requirements.

ACS Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; Gi Hwan Cho; Cho. A Resource Oriented Route Selection Framework Using Contextual Information Based on Fuzzy Logic. Electronics 2019, 8, 1023 .

AMA Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari, Gi Hwan Cho, Cho. A Resource Oriented Route Selection Framework Using Contextual Information Based on Fuzzy Logic. Electronics. 2019; 8 (9):1023.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; Gi Hwan Cho; Cho. 2019. "A Resource Oriented Route Selection Framework Using Contextual Information Based on Fuzzy Logic." Electronics 8, no. 9: 1023.

Original article
Published: 09 September 2019 in International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management
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Today, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is a subject that is undergoing intense study in smart city perspective, where the quality of service is the main concern. Hence, data routing is a key challenge in such a network. So far, the routing protocol for low power and lossy network (RPL) is considered to fit on AMI structure for achieving the expected network requirements. However, it is not optimized, as its parent selection mechanism attracts a large number of nodes and constructs the unbalance topology that degrades the network reliability. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose an efficient parent selection scheme that avoids the overburdened parent. The scheme combines the multiple routing metrics to calculate the rank, and that results in the balanced topology formation, which ensures the highest reliability in the RPL based AMI network. We evaluate the proposed work by implementing in Contiki OS with Cooja simulator. The simulation results show that the proposed work provides a higher packet delivery ratio, a lower latency, and a higher throughput as compared to default RPL.

ACS Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; Gi Hwan Cho. Resource oriented topology construction to ensure high reliability in IoT based smart city networks. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 2019, 11, 798 -805.

AMA Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari, Gi Hwan Cho. Resource oriented topology construction to ensure high reliability in IoT based smart city networks. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management. 2019; 11 (4):798-805.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; Gi Hwan Cho. 2019. "Resource oriented topology construction to ensure high reliability in IoT based smart city networks." International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 11, no. 4: 798-805.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2019 in Future Generation Computer Systems
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With the advance of UAV-related technologies, UAV-assisted wireless communications such as UAV-assisted coverage extension, UAV-assisted relaying and UAV-assisted data distribution and collection are gathering a lot of interests from government and industry fields. More specifically, the UAV-assisted data distribution and collection is implemented as a UAV-based WSN (Wireless Sensor Network). In the UAV-based WSN, a CH (Cluster Head) plays a crucial role such as data collection from members, data transfer toward a UAV and data distribution from the UAV to its members. Due to the role of a CH, many attackers try to make their compromised nodes CHs. In the general CH election framework, since each node determines a CH role by itself, compromised nodes declare themselves as a CH regardless of their disqualification. Generally, a compromised CH consumes much more energy than a normal CH because it keeps fulfilling the CH role to deliver corrupted messages to the sink greedily. Inspired by this phenomenon, we propose a UAV-assisted CH election framework which collects residual energy of nodes, and employs them for electing new CHs and excluding the lowest energy nodes from CH candidates. Simulation results show that our framework outperforms the general CH election framework even when the number of compromised nodes is large. Concerning the CH election period, our framework provides better security and performance than the general CH election framework with a short CH election period. Besides, the variation of node compromise time had no impact on our framework’s superiority to the general CH election framework. Another simulation results show that the increase of UAV tour frequency enhances both security and performance of our framework. Our CH election framework is easily applied to a network of IoT devices because the IoT network also demands clustering for energy and data management efficiency. Our future work item is applying as many other CH election schemes as possible to our framework and comparing their security and performance.

ACS Style

G. Wang; B. Lee; J. Ahn; G. Cho. A UAV-assisted CH election framework for secure data collection in wireless sensor networks. Future Generation Computer Systems 2019, 102, 152 -162.

AMA Style

G. Wang, B. Lee, J. Ahn, G. Cho. A UAV-assisted CH election framework for secure data collection in wireless sensor networks. Future Generation Computer Systems. 2019; 102 ():152-162.

Chicago/Turabian Style

G. Wang; B. Lee; J. Ahn; G. Cho. 2019. "A UAV-assisted CH election framework for secure data collection in wireless sensor networks." Future Generation Computer Systems 102, no. : 152-162.

Journal article
Published: 09 November 2018 in Sensors
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The IPv6 routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) was designed to satisfy the requirements of a wide range of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, including industrial and environmental monitoring. In most scenarios, different from an ordinary environment, the industrial monitoring system under emergency scenarios needs to not only periodically collect the information from the sensing region, but also respond rapidly to some unusual situations. In the monitoring system, particularly when an event occurs in the sensing region, a surge of data generated by the sensors may lead to congestion at parent node as data packets converge towards the root. Congestion problem degrades the network performance that has an impact on quality of service. To resolve this problem, we propose a congestion-aware routing protocol (CoAR) which utilizes the selection of an alternative parent to alleviate the congestion in the network. The proposed mechanism uses a multi-criteria decision-making approach to select the best alternative parent node within the congestion by combining the multiple routing metrics. Moreover, the neighborhood index is used as the tie-breaking metric during the parent selection process when the routing score is equal. In order to determine the congestion, CoAR adopts the adaptive congestion detection mechanism based on the current queue occupancy and observation of present and past traffic trends. The proposed protocol has been tested and evaluated in different scenarios in comparison with ECRM and RPL. The simulation results show that CoAR is capable of dealing successfully with congestion in LLNs while preserving the required characteristics of the IoT applications.

ACS Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. CoAR: Congestion-Aware Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks for IoT Applications. Sensors 2018, 18, 3838 .

AMA Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari, A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho. CoAR: Congestion-Aware Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks for IoT Applications. Sensors. 2018; 18 (11):3838.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khadak Singh Bhandari; A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. 2018. "CoAR: Congestion-Aware Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks for IoT Applications." Sensors 18, no. 11: 3838.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2018 in Sensors
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Clustering is an effective way to prolong the lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN). The common approach is to elect cluster heads to take routing and controlling duty, and to periodically rotate each cluster head’s role to distribute energy consumption among nodes. However, a significant amount of energy dissipates due to control messages overhead, which results in a shorter network lifetime. This paper proposes an energy-centric cluster-based routing mechanism in WSNs. To begin with, cluster heads are elected based on the higher ranks of the nodes. The rank is defined by residual energy and average distance from the member nodes. With the role of data aggregation and data forwarding, a cluster head acts as a caretaker for cluster-head election in the next round, where the ranks’ information are piggybacked along with the local data sending during intra-cluster communication. This reduces the number of control messages for the cluster-head election as well as the cluster formation in detail. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol saves the energy consumption among nodes and achieves a significant improvement in the network lifetime.

ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. An Energy Centric Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors 2018, 18, 1520 .

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho. An Energy Centric Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks. Sensors. 2018; 18 (5):1520.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho. 2018. "An Energy Centric Cluster-Based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks." Sensors 18, no. 5: 1520.

Journal article
Published: 16 September 2017 in Sensors
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Due to nonuniform node distribution, the energy consumption of nodes are imbalanced in clustering-based wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It might have more impact when nodes are deployed in a three-dimensional (3D) environment. In this regard, we propose the eccentricity based data routing (EDR) protocol in a 3D WSN with uniform node distribution. It includes network partitions called 3D subspaces/clusters of equal member nodes, an energy-efficient routing centroid (RC) nodes election and data routing algorithm. The RC nodes election conducts in a quasi-static nature until a certain period unlike the periodic cluster heads election of typical clustering-based routing. It not only reduces the energy consumption of nodes during the election phase, but also in intra-communication. At the same time, the routing algorithm selects a forwarding node in such a way that balances the energy consumption among RC nodes and reduces the number of hops towards the sink. The simulation results validate and ensure the performance supremacy of the EDR protocol compared to existing protocols in terms of various metrics such as steady state and network lifetime in particular. Meanwhile, the results show the EDR is more robust in uniform node distribution compared to nonuniform.

ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho; In-Ho Ra. An Eccentricity Based Data Routing Protocol with Uniform Node Distribution in 3D WSN. Sensors 2017, 17, 2137 .

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi Hwan Cho, In-Ho Ra. An Eccentricity Based Data Routing Protocol with Uniform Node Distribution in 3D WSN. Sensors. 2017; 17 (9):2137.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi Hwan Cho; In-Ho Ra. 2017. "An Eccentricity Based Data Routing Protocol with Uniform Node Distribution in 3D WSN." Sensors 17, no. 9: 2137.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2015 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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In the end to end data transfer protocols, it is a big issue to maximize the transmission rate in order to occupy available bandwidth without packet loss. UDT(UDP based Data Transfer) estimates the available bandwidth based on the pair packet algorithm on the receiver side, and controls the next sending rate with considering the estimated value. However, for a congested network, the estimated value has a tendency to be much greater than the actual bandwidth, and fluctuated in time, so it results in in high loss probability. In this paper, we propose a congestion degree index based bandwidth estimation method using pair packet delay. Experimental results show that the proposed method reliably occupies the available bandwidth with stable bandwidth estimation. The packet loss probability is greatly reduced compared with that of UDT.

ACS Style

Jong-Seon Park; Byoung-Yeon Park; Seung-Hae Kim; Gi-Hwan Cho. A Congestion Degree Index Based Bandwidth Estimation Method Using Pair Packet Delay. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2015, 330, 1175 -1180.

AMA Style

Jong-Seon Park, Byoung-Yeon Park, Seung-Hae Kim, Gi-Hwan Cho. A Congestion Degree Index Based Bandwidth Estimation Method Using Pair Packet Delay. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2015; 330 ():1175-1180.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jong-Seon Park; Byoung-Yeon Park; Seung-Hae Kim; Gi-Hwan Cho. 2015. "A Congestion Degree Index Based Bandwidth Estimation Method Using Pair Packet Delay." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 330, no. : 1175-1180.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2014 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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This paper proposes an efficient method of constructing three dimensional (3D) wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with aiming to minimization of the overall routing cost. It tries to divide the network into subspaces, and elects a routing centroid node in the eccentricity region from any node in a subspace in terms of minimizing communication cost of that space. The node in an eccentricity region is naturally close to the distance of the radius of that subspace. As a result, the centroid node can forward the gathered data to the node on the diameter. The minimization of the path cost in data gathering and forwarding towards the sink is an efficient approach to design a cost effective 3D WSNs.

ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi-Hwan Cho. Eccentricity-Based Data Gathering and Diameter-Based Data Forwarding in 3D Wireless Sensor Networks. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2014, 274, 433 -439.

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi-Hwan Cho. Eccentricity-Based Data Gathering and Diameter-Based Data Forwarding in 3D Wireless Sensor Networks. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2014; 274 ():433-439.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi-Hwan Cho. 2014. "Eccentricity-Based Data Gathering and Diameter-Based Data Forwarding in 3D Wireless Sensor Networks." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 274, no. : 433-439.

Book chapter
Published: 11 December 2012 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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Surfing the web without anonymity in Syria has risked many activists and journalists’ lives. Furthermore, using the available anti-censorship techniques is challenging in such country due to Internet bandwidth limitations and the extensive filtering performed by Syria‘s licensed Internet service providers. In this paper, we highlight the Internet censorship in Syria. We propose a solution that provides suitable anti-censorship for Syrian activists based on TOR. We shift most of the heavy computational tasks from the client to our network nodes. The cryptography tasks are chosen lightweight to suit the bandwidth limitations. We show that our solution can provide safe web surfing in Syria.

ACS Style

T. Eissa; Gi-Hwan Cho. Internet Anonymity in Syria, Challenges and Solution. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2012, 215, 177 -186.

AMA Style

T. Eissa, Gi-Hwan Cho. Internet Anonymity in Syria, Challenges and Solution. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2012; 215 ():177-186.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T. Eissa; Gi-Hwan Cho. 2012. "Internet Anonymity in Syria, Challenges and Solution." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 215, no. : 177-186.

Book chapter
Published: 11 December 2012 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) differ from traditional networks in several ways: sensor nodes have severe energy constraints, redundant low-rate data, and many-to-many flows. This paper deals with a data-centric merging and by-passing routing schemes based on our own network model. This model permits to gather data at a tuple-centroid node for merging the same type of data. The data-centric merging mechanism is an efficient approach which reduces the number of hops per source and to by-pass the different types of data. It is competent to reduce the unnecessary processing cost of an intermediate node. Our network model shows offers significant performance gains across the high routing cost environment.

ACS Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi-Hwan Cho. A Design of WSN Model to Minimize Data-Centric Routing Cost for Many-to-Many Communication. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2012, 215, 597 -604.

AMA Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen, Gi-Hwan Cho. A Design of WSN Model to Minimize Data-Centric Routing Cost for Many-to-Many Communication. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2012; 215 ():597-604.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. S. M. Sanwar Hosen; Gi-Hwan Cho. 2012. "A Design of WSN Model to Minimize Data-Centric Routing Cost for Many-to-Many Communication." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 215, no. : 597-604.

Book chapter
Published: 20 November 2012 in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
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Current trust management employed by the existing peer-to-peer networks is faced with various threats from malicious nodes. If some nodes are contaminated, the network quality is getting to be down. So it eventually makes worse the confidence of among the users. This paper deals with a trust management to protect the attack of the malicious nodes in the distributed P2P network. Especially, it aims to keep safe against the collusive attack. We try to improve the accuracy of node trust to effectively protect this attack.

ACS Style

Byong-Lae Ha; Gi-Hwan Cho. A Collusion-Resistant Trust Management Scheme for Distributed P2P Network. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2012, 135 -144.

AMA Style

Byong-Lae Ha, Gi-Hwan Cho. A Collusion-Resistant Trust Management Scheme for Distributed P2P Network. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2012; ():135-144.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Byong-Lae Ha; Gi-Hwan Cho. 2012. "A Collusion-Resistant Trust Management Scheme for Distributed P2P Network." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 135-144.