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Empirical studies show that autonomous vehicles can contribute to sustainability goals when rides are shared. However, sharing rides with strangers in shared autonomous mobility-on-demand systems (SAMODSs) might impede the adoption of these systems. The present study addresses the research question whether a comprehensive information provision about fellow passengers could increase acceptability of the shared rides in SAMODSs. A discrete choice experiment (N = 154) assessed the potential of different levels of information on fellow passengers: (1) no information, (2) name, (3) picture, (4) rating, (5) combination of name, picture and rating. The results show that the overall compensation demands for sharing a ride was a reduction of approximately 25% of the nonshared reference price. The provision of detailed information about fellow travelers proved beneficial for reducing the compensation demands of travelers while the provision of a name only resulted in higher compensation demands. A significant effect of the fellow passengers’ gender indicated that male gender information was related to a higher refusal rate than female gender information. This was particularly relevant when only names were presented. The study provides first empirical insights into the psychological factors concerning the emerging trend of shared mobility.
Alexandra König; Christina Wirth; Jan Grippenkoven. Generation Y’s Information Needs Concerning Sharing Rides in Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8095 .
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Christina Wirth, Jan Grippenkoven. Generation Y’s Information Needs Concerning Sharing Rides in Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (14):8095.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Christina Wirth; Jan Grippenkoven. 2021. "Generation Y’s Information Needs Concerning Sharing Rides in Autonomous Mobility on Demand Systems." Sustainability 13, no. 14: 8095.
Background As a reaction to the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), countries around the globe have implemented various measures to reduce the spread of the virus. The transportation sector is particularly affected by the pandemic situation. The current study aims to contribute to the empirical knowledge regarding the effects of the coronavirus situation on the mobility of people by (1) broadening the perspective to the mobility rural area’s residents and (2) providing subjective data concerning the perceived changes of affected persons’ mobility practices, as these two aspects have scarcely been considered in research so far. Methods To address these research gaps, a mixed-methods study was conducted that integrates a qualitative telephone interview study (N = 15) and a quantitative household survey (N = 301). The rural district of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel in Northern Germany was chosen as a model region. Results The results provide in-depth insights into the changing mobility practices of residents of a rural area during the legal restrictions to stem the spread of the virus. A high share of respondents (62.6%) experienced no changes in their mobility behavior due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation. However, nearly one third of trips were also cancelled overall. A modal shift was observed towards the reduction of trips by car and bus, and an increase of trips by bike. The share of trips by foot was unchanged. The majority of respondents did not predict strong long-term effects of the corona pandemic on their mobility behavior.
Alexandra König; Annika Dreßler. A mixed-methods analysis of mobility behavior changes in the COVID-19 era in a rural case study. European Transport Research Review 2021, 13, 1 -13.
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Annika Dreßler. A mixed-methods analysis of mobility behavior changes in the COVID-19 era in a rural case study. European Transport Research Review. 2021; 13 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Annika Dreßler. 2021. "A mixed-methods analysis of mobility behavior changes in the COVID-19 era in a rural case study." European Transport Research Review 13, no. 1: 1-13.
Autonomous mobility on demand systems (AMODS) are predicted to face a bright future for providing convenient individual mobility. Yet, increasing the occupancy rate of AMODS by ridesharing is an essential prerequisite for sustainable future mobility. The online study (N = 150) assessed travelers’ willingness to share rides with unknown fellow travelers in shared AMODS (SAMODS) depending on the factors travel distance and detour factor that are affected by the ridesharing scheme. The findings reveal great acceptability of SAMODS and underline the importance of the travel time and detour for respondents’ willingness to share rides. The cumulative distribution function of the Willingness to Accept (WTA) of sharing rides provides an indication of how much discount in price of a shared ride is needed to attract a critical mass of travelers. The findings indicate that 90% of respondents would prefer to share a ride of 10 min if the discount was 50% or more compared to a private ride. A higher discount is needed to attract travelers to share rides if travel time and detour factor increase. The results highlight the importance of a price system that is adjustable to ride-specific travel time and detour factor to attract travelers to share rides in future SAMODS.
Alexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. Travellers’ willingness to share rides in autonomous mobility on demand systems depending on travel distance and detour. Travel Behaviour and Society 2020, 21, 188 -202.
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Jan Grippenkoven. Travellers’ willingness to share rides in autonomous mobility on demand systems depending on travel distance and detour. Travel Behaviour and Society. 2020; 21 ():188-202.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. 2020. "Travellers’ willingness to share rides in autonomous mobility on demand systems depending on travel distance and detour." Travel Behaviour and Society 21, no. : 188-202.
Despite the potential capability of demand-responsive transport systems (DRT) to improve service quality of public transport in rural areas, existing DRT systems in Germany are often under-utilized. Thus, there is a need to examine usage barriers and facilitating factors that affect the adoption of DRT systems. A household survey in two rural areas of Germany with DRT systems (N = 205) based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was conducted and analysed using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach. The results indicate that the constructs of Performance Expectancy and Facilitating Conditions were useful predictors of Behavioural Intentions to use DRT systems, with Performance Expectancy having the strongest impact on the model. The resulting model explained 47% of variance of Behavioural Intention to use a DRT. The results contribute to a greater understanding of the actual users’ demand behind demand-responsive transport and provide recommendations for policy and practitioners to design and operate user-centred DRT systems and thus to enhance their adoption.
Alexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. The actual demand behind demand-responsive transport: Assessing behavioral intention to use DRT systems in two rural areas in Germany. Case Studies on Transport Policy 2020, 8, 954 -962.
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Jan Grippenkoven. The actual demand behind demand-responsive transport: Assessing behavioral intention to use DRT systems in two rural areas in Germany. Case Studies on Transport Policy. 2020; 8 (3):954-962.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. 2020. "The actual demand behind demand-responsive transport: Assessing behavioral intention to use DRT systems in two rural areas in Germany." Case Studies on Transport Policy 8, no. 3: 954-962.
Background Ridepooling services have been predicted a bright future since they promise a flexible and user-centered mobility service. However, there is a research gap in examining the travelers’ perception of ridepooling service characteristics since findings concerning fixed-scheduled public transport are hardly transferable. Methods In order to shed some light on the human factors of ridepooling services a Discrete Choice Experiment (N = 410) was performed to identify travelers’ preferences concerning ridepooling’s service features. The study thereby focusses on the effect of trip purpose on the appraisal of the service attributes. Based on a literature review and a focus group six attributes of the operational concept were determined: fare, walking distance to the pick-up point, time of booking in advance, shift of departure time, travel time and information. Results The results underline that all of the six attributes significantly affected choice behavior. The appraisal of the service characteristics differed depending on the presented trip purpose. The willingness to pay was calculated for each service characteristics. The results give guidance for the user-centered design and operation of ridepooling systems that meet the requirements of the prospective passengers and thus facilitate behavioral shifts towards more sustainable mobility systems.
Alexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. Modelling travelers’ appraisal of ridepooling service characteristics with a discrete choice experiment. European Transport Research Review 2019, 12, 1 -11.
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Jan Grippenkoven. Modelling travelers’ appraisal of ridepooling service characteristics with a discrete choice experiment. European Transport Research Review. 2019; 12 (1):1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Jan Grippenkoven. 2019. "Modelling travelers’ appraisal of ridepooling service characteristics with a discrete choice experiment." European Transport Research Review 12, no. 1: 1-11.
Sustainability research is frequently tasked with the development of concrete solutions that can be directly applied to socio-environmental problems as such this paper presents and discusses an inter- and transdisciplinary approach to developing and testing a mobility-on-demand-system in a “real world laboratory” set up in Schorndorf, Germany. This paper addresses the following questions: (1) How can stakeholders be involved in the research and development process and become co-designers? (2) What are the suitable ways of supporting and facilitating interdisciplinary exchange and joint work at different places? The main contribution of this paper is the description of a methodological approach. It thereby reflects on the process of inter- and transdisciplinary work in the development phase and pilot operation. In addition, a joint working document, a so called “Specification Book”, is utilized to facilitate teamwork and enable the exchange of scientific knowledge within the team. The experiences in the project are also reflected upon and specific recommendations are determined. The paper further reflects on the possibilities and challenges of the methodology and provides recommendations for its application. The originality of the paper lies in its description and reflection of a method that goes beyond the participation of users in the design phase of the project.
Laura Gebhardt; Mascha Brost; Alexandra König. An Inter- and Transdisciplinary Approach to Developing and Testing a New Sustainable Mobility System. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7223 .
AMA StyleLaura Gebhardt, Mascha Brost, Alexandra König. An Inter- and Transdisciplinary Approach to Developing and Testing a New Sustainable Mobility System. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7223.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Gebhardt; Mascha Brost; Alexandra König. 2019. "An Inter- and Transdisciplinary Approach to Developing and Testing a New Sustainable Mobility System." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7223.
Sustainable mobility concepts are challenged to create a positive users' attitude and a high willingness-to-use to be adopted and survive on the market. Prospective users must not merely be informed about the service but become involved and feel affected. The contribution introduces a digital learning game, a so called serious game, to improve players' knowledge, attitude and willingness to use mobility on demand systems (MODS). The goal of an evaluation study in a high school (N = 71) was to compare the serious game and an online research according to the proposed effects on knowledge, attitude and usage intention. The study demonstrates that pupils' level of knowledge about the operational concepts of MODS increased after playing the game and the retention rate was higher. Playing the game furthermore resulted in a more positive appraisal of MODS concerning their usefulness. No significant effect of the serious game on the later usage behaviour was found. The paper points out the benefits of a gamified approach for introducing mobility services to prospective users and derives recommendations for the application of gamified approaches to facilitate the adoption of new technology or services.
Alexandra König; Niels Kowala; Jan Wegener; Jan Grippenkoven. Introducing a mobility on demand system to prospective users with the help of a serious game. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 2019, 3, 100079 .
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Niels Kowala, Jan Wegener, Jan Grippenkoven. Introducing a mobility on demand system to prospective users with the help of a serious game. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives. 2019; 3 ():100079.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Niels Kowala; Jan Wegener; Jan Grippenkoven. 2019. "Introducing a mobility on demand system to prospective users with the help of a serious game." Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives 3, no. : 100079.
Public ridepooling systems could contribute to the reduction of traffic volume and emissions in cities by decreasing the number of rides by private car while increasing the average number of passengers per vehicle. Yet, it is unknown how urban travelers value different attributes of the ridepooling’s operational concept. Which characteristics of ridepooling concepts are most important to the users? In order to obtain a deeper understanding of travelers’ preferences concerning a ridepooling system, choice-based Conjoint Analysis was performed. Based on a literature review and a focus group, six relevant attributes of the operational concept of ridepooling systems were determined: fare, walking distance, time of booking, shift of departure time, travel time, and information provision. Data from 237 German city dwellers were analyzed with the help of Cox regression. Except for time of booking, all service attributes significantly affected the respondents’ choice. Besides the high relevance of fare, the results underline the particular importance of the attribute walking distance to the pick-up point for elderly. The results give guidance for the creation of user-centered public transport systems that meet the requirements of the prospective passengers and thus might contribute to the development of shared passenger transport systems for sustainable urban mobility.
Alexandra König; Tabea Bonus; Jan Grippenkoven. Analyzing Urban Residents’ Appraisal of Ridepooling Service Attributes with Conjoint Analysis. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3711 .
AMA StyleAlexandra König, Tabea Bonus, Jan Grippenkoven. Analyzing Urban Residents’ Appraisal of Ridepooling Service Attributes with Conjoint Analysis. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (10):3711.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlexandra König; Tabea Bonus; Jan Grippenkoven. 2018. "Analyzing Urban Residents’ Appraisal of Ridepooling Service Attributes with Conjoint Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 10: 3711.