In this study, the effects of different variables of child labor on academic performance are investigated. To this end, 3302 children participating in the child labor eradication program “Edúcame Primero Colombia” were interviewed. The interview format used for the children's enrollment into the program was a template from which socioeconomic conditions, academic performance, and child labor variables were evaluated. The academic performance factor was determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The data were analyzed through a logistic regression model that took into account children who engaged in a type of labor (n = 921). The results showed that labor conditions, the number of weekly hours dedicated to work, and the presence of work scheduled in the morning negatively affected the academic performance of child laborers. These results show that the relationship between child labor and academic performance is based on the conflict between these two activities. These results do not indicate a linear and simple relationship associated with the recognition of the presence or absence of child labor. This study has implications for the formulation of policies, programs, and interventions for preventing, eradicating, and attenuating the negative effects of child labor on the social and educational development of children

This study analyzed the metropolitan lifestyle with a representative personal networks survey of the population of Alcalá de Guadaíra (n=403), in the urban environment of Seville (SW Spain). A factorial analysis with density, centralization, number of cliques and the number of components allowed differentiating two dimensions of variability in personal networks related to cohesion and fragmentation of the network structure. The frequency of interurban travel plays a decisive role in the development of a metropolitan lifestyle, and is associated with a lower structural cohesion of personal networks and with some moderation in the original sense of community. Based on the results, we question the hypothesis of community decline in metropolitan contexts

In recent years social network analysis has been used for research and action in community contexts. Specifically, the social network analysis has been used in program evaluation, participatory governance, the selection of health agents, participatory sociograms and involvement of key players in the intervention. Network analysis is also part of strategies for empowerment, community mediation, community coalitions and dissemination of preventive messages, among others. In this monograph some of these issues are present, with studies of inter-organizational networks to provide services; chains of researchers and professionals in the transference of science into practice; the structure of personal networks in community settings; as well as social support resources. In the introduction to the monograph we reflect on the potential of network analysis in the context of social and community intervention

This paper proposes a new network-based approach to analyse intergroup relations in fishing ports. The technique of clustered graphs is applied to the case of the Andalusian fishing ports to assess the balance between intra and inter-professional relationships. The patterns of sociability in Mediterranean and Atlantic fishing enclaves in the southern region of Spain were compared, examining their implications for participatory governance of marine resources. The personal networks of 53 fishermen, ship owners or skippers and key individuals of 18 Andalusian fisheries were analysed. The personal networks were compared in terms of fishing ground (Atlantic versus Mediterranean) and port type (by size and form of participation). The data of 45 individuals with whom each respondent usually interacts in the harbour was summarised in clustered graphs of intra-group and inter-group relationships between 8 professional roles in the harbour. Results show primarily that personal networks of Mediterranean ports are overall denser, in comparison with those of the Atlantic, which are more centralised and have a higher average betweenness. Secondly, in the Atlantic a clear difference of roles between ship owners and skippers is observed. A strong link between ship owners and the crew was found, and also between the ship owner and commercial roles in the Mediterranean. Small ports seem to be more apt for the artisanalisation of fisheries, as well as for the European Union’s Common Fisheries Policy.Consejería de Fomento y Vivienda de la Junta de Andalucía CP-2043/0073Consejería de Fomento y Vivienda de la Junta de Andalucía GGI3001IDI

ResumenSe analiza el proceso de adaptación psicológica y sociocultural de niños en situación de desplazamiento forzado, identificando los factores que favorecen y obstaculizan su adaptación, así como la incidencia de su identidad social en este proceso, visto a la luz de la teoría de la aculturación de Berry (1997) y la teoría de la identidad social de Tajfel y Turner (1987). Este estudio cualitativo es un análisis secundario asumido desde la perspectiva de descripción densa (Geertz, 2000). Se recopilaron un total de 26 entrevistas, realizadas a niñas, niños y padres en situación de desplazamiento forzado, docentes, estudiantes y padres de una comunidad escolar con alta recepción de población desplazada. En el procesamiento de la información se utilizó la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los resultados sugieren que el apoyo emocional contribuye a la adaptación de la población desplazada debido, sobre todo, a que promueve el sentido psicológico de comunidad. Por otro lado, se muestra la importancia del papel de la escuela en el logro de procesos de inclusión y estrategias de integración que pueden promover el bienestar de la población infantil víctima de violencia política.AbstractAn analysis is made on the process of psychological and sociocultural adaptation of children in situations of forced displacement. This includes identifying the factors promoting and preventing adaptation, and the impact of their social identity in this process, from the perspective of Berry's (1997) theory of acculturation and the theory of social identity by Tajfel and Turner (1987). This qualitative study is a secondary analysis undertaken from the perspective of thick description (Geertz, 2000). A total of 26 interviews were conducted, with the interviewees being children and parents in situations of forced displacement, as well as teachers, students and parents of a school community with high reception of displaced population. The content analysis technique was used in the processing of information. The results suggest that emotional support contributes to adaptation, mainly because it promotes the psychological sense of community. On the other hand, the important role of the school in achieving processes of inclusion and integration strategies is shown, as it that can promote the well-being of child victims of political violence