This research involves the study of two models of green facades and a model of bare wall. A house miniature was used as thermal lab. The aim of the project is evaluating the performance of energy transfer based on the various leaves densities on the green facade. Heat calculation was used to calculate heat transfer on the wall surface. There are two kinds of leaves densities, 50% and 90%. The data measurement show that the green facade has a significant cooling effect and more visible for the facade with higher leaves densities. Respectively, from experiment I to experiment III, the average of heat fluxes are 22.35 W/m², 8.76 W/m², and 0.60 W/m² where in experiment III, the negative heat flux occurred during day time due to interior surface temperature is higher than exterior surface temperature. Lastly, higher leaves densities possibility can create a better cooling effect but also has the risk of creating higher relative humidity, especially for the interior air layer.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the natural ventilation potential in an apartment unit in a high-rise building. A corner unit of a two-bedroom apartment was selected for this study, where single-sided and cross ventilation occurred in the unit. This study employed a CFD simulation to model the indoor airflow of an apartment unit in West Jakarta. The units were modelled and simulated using CFD with a RANS k-ε turbulence model. The results were validated with the readings from the field measurements that had been conducted. Based on CFD results, the window position influences indoor airflow. In the case of cross ventilation, a windward opening is more beneficial, while in single-sided ventilation, a leeward opening creates more indoor airflow. Therefore, it is recommended that the characteristic of window design be considered in the early design stage not only to improve indoor air quality but also to maintain privacy and safety measures.

This project is part of research series to observe the thermal characteristic of green facade to minimize the cooling load inside building. The aim is to analyze the building thermal characteristic on the green facade installed on a building model. Various kinds of leaves covered area (experiment I: 0%, experiment II: 50%, and experiment III: 90%) were used as the main parameter. Calculation in decrement factor and time lag were also done in order to support the analysis of heat flows calculations. Data measurement showed that ambient and facade surface of green facade with the greatest leaves covered area (experiment III) had lower temperature profiles. Data calculation also showed the highest of average heat flows were found out in the bare wall model. Results for heat flow in the wall surface were 4.69 W/m² (experiment I), 3.88 W/m² (experiment II), and 1.61 W/m² (experiment III). While for heat flows through indoor air space, they were 27.75 W/m² (experiment I), −5.10 W/m² (experiment II), and 8.99 W/m² (experiment III). As shown from data analysis, the quantities of leaves covered area effected the cooling down on the building envelope by reducing the quantity of heat flows from exterior to interior side.

During the last decade, greenery aspect in the building envelope starts to increase their presence in the building design. Vertical greenery system became the one of alternatives that potential to energy-saving in the building. However, in tropical area, researches related to vertical greenery system are enigmatic since reducing heat in tropical area are crutial for maintaining space in comfort condition. In this study, a comparative thermal analysis between green facade and green wall will present. A model called house miniature set up with climbing plans as model of green facade. While for green wall, data measurement was conducted in the office building with green wall as building envelope. The results showed a high potential for energy savings during peak time in the afternoon for green wall (1.5%) and green facade (1.3%) in comparison to the bare wall. While for interior facade are 2.6% for green wall and 2.2% for green facade. Effect of vertical greenery also found in the outdoor air temperature around greenery system. Results show at the hottest time of the day, the green wall and green facade reduced outdoor temperatures by 3.0°C and 1.2°C, respectively. Based on the analysis, compared to green facade, the cooling effect produced by green wall is faster. Possibility, the substrate properties in the green wall also help to decrease temperature. The reduction can be due to the foliage density as the leaves of green wall is denser than leaves in green facade.