Carrier screening and observation geometry determine how a local magnetoelectric response contributes to a potential-difference readout. This study develops a finite-length one-dimensional analytical model for a weak PN-junction piezoelectric-semiconductor fiber between magnetostrictive layers subjected to a localized magnetic-field increment about a prescribed bias. Cross-sectional force balance, two-carrier drift–diffusion, blocking end conditions, and interface continuity yield a four-region solution that separates the junction reference from the magnetic increment. In the representative weak-junction case, the end-to-end difference is about 1% of the peak local magnetically induced potential, whereas observation pairs at the field-region edges and near the junction give differences about 200 and 50 times larger than the end-to-end value. For equal screening and a step field, the response of a fixed interior pair peaks when the field-region edges reach the observation points. Uniformly doped and symmetric weak-junction controls have identical magnetic increments under equal screening despite their different reference fields. Layer thickness modifies both magnetic conversion and carrier screening. The resulting continuum-model relations identify how excitation width, screening length, and observation position jointly govern internal magnetic-field readout.

This paper investigates optimal design of simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RIS)-assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems with perfect channel state information. The system consists of an Access Point (AP), a STAR-RIS, users, and energy receiving devices. The AP simultaneously transmits information and energy signals through direct links and cascaded links with the STAR-RIS. Through the joint optimization of the AP’s active beamforming scheme and the phase shift angles as well as amplitude coefficients of STAR-RIS components, the system achieves maximization of its information transmission rate. Initially, the original problem is divided into two subproblems for solution. Then, optimization methods such as semidefinite relaxation, successive convex approximation, and penalty function methods are applied to convexify the subproblems. Finally, these subproblems are iteratively solved using a continuous alternating iteration method until convergence criteria are met, yielding the optimal solution. Experimental analysis demonstrates that STAR-RIS can markedly elevate the communication performance of SWIPT systems.

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) must provide reliable, low-latency, and energy-efficient communication despite rapid changes in physiological urgency, body-induced channel variation, and heterogeneous sensor quality. Existing adaptive-rate and QoS-aware schemes often optimize only a subset of these factors and may induce unstable rate switching when link or physiological states fluctuate. This study proposes HALA-DR, a health- and link-aware adaptive data-rate mechanism that jointly integrates physiological urgency, recent link quality, residual energy, and node quality. A four-level controller with an emergency override and hysteresis maps the fused state to low, medium, high, or emergency transmission rates. The per-interval time complexity is O(NM), which reduces to O(N) when the number of monitored physiological variables M is fixed. A reproducible MATLAB evaluation was conducted using an IEEE 802.15.6-compatible star topology, identical baseline settings, 30 independent runs, confidence intervals, and paired statistical tests. In the 15-node scenario, HALA-DR achieved 236 kbps throughput, a 95.1% packet delivery ratio, 45 ms end-to-end latency, 0.94 mJ per successfully delivered packet, and 118 h network lifetime. Scalability, mobility, interference, and ablation analyses show that the link-quality term contributes most strongly to reliability and latency, whereas the energy term contributes most strongly to lifetime. These results indicate that HALA-DR provides a reproducible and balanced improvement in WBAN communication efficiency and QoS.

Spatially selective thermal regulation of multijunction piezoelectric structures requires the control of both the local junction response and coupling between neighboring junctions. A finite-length analytical model is developed for a symmetric piezoelectric sandwich fiber with PNP or NPN doping under a prescribed local temperature change. Within a static, closed, one-dimensional weak-junction approximation, the solution separates the reference junction field from the thermally induced polarization response and accounts for carrier screening and global carrier conservation. Finite-element and nonlinear drift calculations assess solution accuracy and the carrier linearization. Centered heating reduces one junction field while enhancing the other, whereas independently controlled thermal regions enable simultaneous point cancelation through their differential response. In the representative weak-junction case, opposite temperature increments of approximately 0.0165 K cancel the two-junction point fields; minimizing the field over finite junction neighborhoods instead leaves approximately 30% of the reference root-mean-square field. Fixed-interval potential differences further show that point cancelation does not eliminate the electrical response across a junction neighborhood. Thermal spreading and constitutive uncertainty shift the required temperature settings. The prescribed carrier populations do not represent dark-equilibrium ZnO at room temperature. The resulting control relations characterize an idealized weak-junction system, rather than a validated semiconductor device, and provide conditional guidance for thermal-source placement and control-target selection.