Animal bites represent a significant global public health concern, with hyena attacks being rare but highly destructive. This report details the case of a 22-year-old male who was attacked by a hyena while herding camels in rural Qardho, Somalia. The attack resulted in traumatic amputation of both testicles and the penis, finger loss, extensive muscle damage, and a jawbone fracture. The patient initially received local care and was subsequently transferred to Mogadishu for advanced treatment. Key interventions included wound closure, tracheotomy, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and tetanus prophylaxis. This case highlights the complexities of managing severe trauma in resource-limited settings and underscores the necessity of timely, multidisciplinary care. Long-term rehabilitation, along with psychological support, are essential components of the patient’s recovery. Furthermore, the case emphasizes the importance of trauma prevention strategies and ensuring access to specialized medical care in remote regions.

Carotid artery dissection is an important cause of ischemic stroke in young adults and has been associated with minor cervical trauma, including neck manipulation. Traditional carotid massage, commonly practiced in low-resource settings, is often perceived as harmless despite potential vascular risks. We report the case of an 18-year-old woman with no known comorbidities who developed acute neurological deterioration shortly after undergoing carotid massage by a traditional healer. Brain computed tomography revealed a large left hemispheric infarction involving the malignant middle cerebral artery territory, with associated cerebral edema, mass effect, and midline shift. Due to rapid clinical deterioration culminating in cardiac arrest and death within hours of presentation, advanced vascular imaging was not performed. Therefore, a diagnosis of carotid artery dissection was considered presumptive, based on clinical presentation and temporal association. The clinical course was further complicated by respiratory compromise and suspected pneumonia in the context of preceding fever, as well as hemodynamic instability. Although decompressive hemicraniectomy was recommended, surgical intervention was declined due to contextual and resource-related factors. This case highlights a severe ischemic stroke temporally associated with traditional carotid massage, while emphasizing the limitations in establishing causality in the absence of confirmatory vascular imaging. It underscores the need for cautious interpretation of such associations, increased public awareness regarding potentially harmful neck manipulation practices, and improved access to timely diagnostic and neurosurgical care in resource-limited settings.

Background: Diphtheria remains a life-threatening infectious disease in low- and middle-income countries, particularly where immunization coverage is incomplete. Severe complications such as myocarditis and acute kidney injury significantly increase mortality. Reporting rare and complex presentations is essential to improve early recognition and management. Case presentation: We report the case of a 6-year-old girl who presented to the emergency department with five days of aphonia, odynophagia, progressive dysphagia, fever, confusion, and oliguria. On examination, she had cervical lymphadenopathy, pharyngeal pseudomembranes, and signs of systemic toxicity. Laboratory investigations demonstrated acute kidney injury with metabolic acidosis. Echocardiography revealed myocarditis with reduced ventricular function. The patient had incomplete vaccination against diphtheria. She was treated with diphtheria antitoxin, antibiotics, and supportive critical care. Despite aggressive management, the case illustrates the severe systemic complications of toxic diphtheria. Discussion: Diphtheria is transmitted primarily via respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected lesions. Children in settings with poor vaccine coverage are particularly vulnerable to severe disease. Myocarditis and renal failure are toxin-mediated complications and are the leading causes of death. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis, laboratory confirmation, and immediate administration of antitoxin. Conclusion: This case underscores the ongoing threat of diphtheria in under-immunized populations. Prompt recognition and treatment are essential to prevent fatal complications. Strengthening routine immunization programs remains the most effective strategy to reduce diphtheria-related morbidity and mortality.

Measles is a highly contagious viral illness that can lead to severe complications, especially in unvaccinated individuals. While the acute phase of the disease is well-characterized, the potential for delayed and life-threatening complications, even during the convalescent phase, is less widely recognized. Here, we present the case of a previously healthy 18-year-old female who developed tention pneumothorax and extensive lung injury approximately 6 weeks after the onset of a measles infection. The patient was initially presented with dyspnea, chest pain, and respiratory distress. Diagnostic imaging confirmed the presence of tension pneumothorax and diffuse lung parenchymal injury. The patient underwent urgent chest tube insertion and supportive management, with gradual improvement in their respiratory status over the following weeks. Standard treatment for measles includes supportive therapy with hydration, antipyretics, and high-dose vitamin A to reduce complications. Antibiotics and respiratory support are required for secondary bacterial infections or severe pneumonia. This patient required oxygen therapy, antibiotics, and chest tube insertion due to pneumothorax. This rare but life-threatening complication of measles underscores the importance of vaccination and vigilant monitoring of measles patients, even during the convalescent phase of illness.

Oesophageal perforation is a critical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality, requiring rapid diagnosis and effective treatment. Endoscopic

Foreign bodies within the lower urinary tract are uncommon but clinically significant causes of acute urinary retention and urological emergencies. Self-in