Laryngeal tuberculosis is a rare presentation of tuberculosis. It can mimic laryngeal carcinoma with its clinical and imaging findings. A 51-year old woman underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging for clinically suspected carcinoma of the larynx. PET/CT revealed lung lesions consistent with tuberculosis in additional to hypermetabolic focus on larynx. The patient was histopathologically diagnosed with lung and laryngeal tuberculosis.

Objective: Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death in the world. The prevalence of smoking among medical students in Turkey ranged from 11.8% to 44.2%. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with smoking among Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Medicine freshers.\ud Materials and Methods: This study was a cross sectional study. A 22-item questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive data are shown in percent. Median, minimum and maximum values are given. Chi-square test was used in the analytical assessment. Type 1 error level is taken as α=0.05.\ud Results: The number of students participating in the study was 188. 55.9% of the students were female. The median age of the students was 19 years (17-22). 24.8% of students (n=46) reported cigarette use at some points in their lives. 10.8% of students were regular smokers, 7.6% reported smoking occasionally, and 6.4% stated that they had quit smoking. 18.7% of 16 subjects who reported interest in quitting were not aware of the cessation methods. 78.3% of students reported not being affected by the images and slogans on cigarette packages. 46.% of the students stated that being in a circle of smoking friends increased cigarette consumption. Nonetheless, the circle of friends was the most important group with 75% of among whom supporting to quit smoking.\ud Conclusion: Currently, one out of every five medical students is a smoker. This rate is expected to be higher in upper-class students. Efforts to prevent smoking and promote and support smoking among medical students are of great importance. Further studies including regular and occasional smokers and those who consider quitting are needed

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the rate of fluorine-18 (18F) fludeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and CD38 and CD138 expression in myeloma cells in bone marrow and other clinical parameters in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Materials and Methods: Patients with the diagnosis of MM who underwent 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for initial staging were evaluated retrospectively. We analyzed a total of 42 patients (43-83 years old, mean: 64.4 +/- 9.9). Hematological and biochemical tests including hemoglobin, hematocrit, C-reactive protein, beta 2-microglobulin, creatinine, albumin, calcium, lactate dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were recorded. In bone marrow samples, plasma cell ratio and CD38 and CD138 immunohistochemical staining were evaluated. On PET/ CT images, mean standardized uptake values (SUVmean) of the right anterior and posterior iliac crest and right proximal femora were calculated. The correlations between the average SUVmean of bone marrow and CD38- and CD138-expressing myeloma cells and other parameters were analyzed by Spearman's correlation test. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Types of MM were IgG(K) (45%), IgG(L), (21%), IgA(K) (7%), IgA(L), (10%), and others (17%). Thirty-two (76%) patients were at stage III according to the Salmon-Durie staging system. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between bone marrow FDG uptake and percentage of plasma cells in bone marrow and CD38 and CD138 expression in plasma cells (r=0.403, r=0.339, and r=0.409) and beta 2-microglobulin and C-reactive protein levels (r=0.676, r=0.541). There was a negative correlation between bone marrow FDG uptake and hemoglobin and hematocrit values (r=-0.377 and r=-0.368). Other hematological parameters were not correlated with FDG uptake in bone marrow. Conclusion: Increased FDG uptake is correlated with the percentage of CD38 and CD138 expression in plasma cells in bone marrow. In addition to initial staging, 18F-FDG PET/CT is useful in treatment planning and prognostic evaluation in MM patients.

A 62-year-old man presented with a painless eruption on his arms and trunk. Physical examination showed 2 well-demarcated erythematous plaques on the anterior trunk and 6 purple-red papules on the back and upper extremities. Blood chemistry and computed tomography results were normal. Herein we describe a patient with plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm in the absence of systemic symptoms.

Objective: Primary extranodal lymphomas of the head and neck region relatively rare and represent a biologically distinct subset. The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of head and neck lymphomas are important and deserve special attention. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate patients diagnosed with primary head and neck lymphomas at the Department of Pathology between January 2020 and January 2026. Histopathological subtypes, localization, relative frequencies, overall survival were analyzed. Material and Method: This retrospective study included 31 cases diagnosed with lymphoma involving the head and neck region. Medical records were reviewed. Histopathological slides re-evaluated under light microscopy by experienced pathologists. All cases were classified according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. An extensive immunohistochemical panel was applied. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software. Results: The study group included 31 patients with head-and-neck lymphoma. The most common histological type was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (54.8%). Other histological subtypes included follicular lymphoma (FL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Most common location was tonsil (38.7%). Other locations were nasopharynx, oral cavity, nasal cavity, salivary gland and thyroid. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) positivity was detected in two patients (6.5%), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was identified in two patients (6.5%). At the time of last follow-up, 27 patients (87.1%) were alive, whereas four patients (12,9%) had died. The mortality rate of 6.5%. The median overall survival was 28 months (95% CI: 10–45). Conclusions: Malignant lymphoma should be kept in mind when evaluating head and neck masses, and histopathological assessment of the affected tissue remains the cornerstone of diagnosis.