Brucellosis remains an important zoonotic disease in southern Saudi Arabia; however, community-level knowledge, risk-related practices, and information pathways in Najran City are insufficiently characterized. This study assessed brucellosis-related knowledge, attitudes, practices, and information pathways among adults in Najran City to inform locally relevant One Health interventions. In this cross-sectional survey, adults were recruited using stratified time–location (venue-based) sampling across community and exposure-relevant sites in Najran City. A total of 608 adults completed a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Composite scores were calculated for knowledge (0–21), attitude (0–22), practice (0–64), and information-source breadth (0–6). Descriptive statistics, group comparisons, correlation analyses, and multivariable linear regressions were performed. The findings suggest that participants more commonly relied on interpersonal social networks, especially family and friends, for information related to brucellosis (53.9%), whereas formal sources were less commonly reported, including health professionals (7.9%), media (4.6%), internet sources (3.3%), educational institutions (2.0%), and agricultural or veterinary organizations (1.3%). Mean knowledge scores were moderate (10.7/21), attitudes were generally favorable (19.5/22), and practice scores were moderate (36.6/64). Exposure-related behaviors remained common, particularly the consumption of unpasteurized milk or dairy products (56.6%). The breadth of information sources showed a moderate positive correlation with knowledge (rho = 0.561), whereas attitude showed only small positive correlations with knowledge and practice. Finally, knowledge was weakly and inversely correlated with practice. Among adults recruited in this venue-based sample, favorable attitudes did not consistently correspond to safer practices. These findings support practical One Health interventions, including coordinated veterinary–public health messaging on animal abortion events, safe-dairy guidance at points of sale and community venues, workplace-based training for livestock-contact groups, and referral pathways linking suspected animal cases with veterinary services and human care-seeking. Because recruitment was venue-based and non-probability, the results should be interpreted as descriptive and hypothesis-generating rather than population-representative; however, they still identify practical communication and service-delivery priorities for future intervention studies in Najran.

Background: Monkeypox (MP) is an emerging disease with the capacity for worldwide dissemination, endangering all nations. Healthcare workers (HCWs) frequently act as the initial point of contact for MP patients; therefore, evaluating their understanding of the disease and their perspectives on MP immunisation is crucial for effective prevention and control. This study aimed to assess HCWs’ knowledge of and attitudes toward MP and associated vaccines. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed, focusing on HCWs in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through a standardised, self-administered online questionnaire provided in both English and Arabic. The questionnaire gathered the participants’ sociodemographic information and assessed their knowledge, opinions, and attitudes concerning MP infection and vaccination. The questionnaire included multiple-choice items with response possibilities such as “Yes”, “No” and “Don’t know”. Results: In total, 428 HCWs participated in this study; 60.7% had adequate knowledge of MP, while 39.3% had inadequate knowledge. Some knowledge of specific aspects of the disease was reported to be variable, with 67.5% correctly identifying MP as a viral infection, 55.1% aware of the endemic nature of the disease in parts of Western and Central Africa, and 65.0% recognising skin rash as a common symptom. In terms of attitudes towards MP vaccination, 47.9% had a positive attitude, while 52.1% had a negative attitude. In total, 65.7% of the respondents indicated that vaccination is essential to controlling MP, while only 23.1% (95% CI: 19.1–27.1%) had received vaccination. Furthermore, 57.0% reported concerns about potential adverse effects. Educational level was significantly associated with knowledge of MP (p = 0.001), while job title (p = 0.008) and years of work experience (p = 0.018) were significantly associated with attitudes towards MP vaccination. Age group was significantly associated with MP vaccination status (p = 0.002), while gender, educational level, job title, and years of work experience were not significantly associated with vaccination status. Conclusions: HCWs demonstrated an adequate level of knowledge about MP; however, important knowledge gaps and negative attitudes towards MP vaccination remained. Despite recognising the importance of vaccination, vaccine uptake was low. Educational level was associated with knowledge about MP, while job title and years of work experience were associated with attitudes towards MP vaccination, and age group was associated with MP vaccination status. Targeted educational interventions and evidence-based awareness programmes may enhance knowledge, improve preparedness for future MP outbreaks, and decrease vaccine hesitancy among HCWs.