Objective: The HALP Score, which is a combination of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocytes, and platelets, is a new index that shows nutritional status and systemic inflammation, provides information about patient prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship of HALP score, platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and with poor prognosis in intensive care patients. Material and Method: Our study was designed retrospectively on patients admitted from the emergency department (ED) to the intensive care unit (ICU). HALP scores, PLR and NLR values were calculated from the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, platelet and neutrophil values taken from the patients within 24 hours. One-week and three-month mortality were determined as poor outcomes. The relationship between results and poor outcomes was investigated. Results: A total of 250 patients were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 72.5%, and 43.6% (n=109) were female. When the variables between survivors and non-survivors were compared, NLR was found to be significantly higher in non-survivors. In addition, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of both one-week and three-month mortality regarding age, albumin, lymphocyte, and thrombocyte values. When we analyzed the diagnostic performances of HALP Score, NLR, and PLR for one-week and three-month mortality, only NLR showed significant diagnostic performance. The optimal cut-off point for NLR for both one-week and three-month mortality was 8.22 (for one-week mortality: AUC=0.598, p=0.007; for three-month mortality: AUC=0.592, p=0.011). Conclusion: It was observed that the HALP score was not an effective parameter in predicting prognosis in intensive care patients. It is thought that NLR has a significant relationship with one-week and three-month mortality and can be used as an effective parameter in the prediction of prognosis in intensive care patients.

Giriş: 3. Basamak Acil Servisimize ambulans ile getirilen hastaların demografik, klinik özelliklerini ve konsültasyon sürecini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Materyal ve metod: Acil servisin (AS) hasta kabulüne başladığı ilk günden itibaren bir yıllık süreçte ambulans ile başvuran erişkin hastaların ön tanıları, demografik özellikleri, klinik işlemleri ambulans sevk formlarından ve hastane bilgisayar sisteminden retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: 1 Şubat 2019 - 31 Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasındaki bir yıllık süreçte AS’e ambulans ile toplam 1582 erişkin hasta başvurmuş olup bu sayı aynı dönem içerisinde başvuruların %10,9’unu oluşturmaktadır. Başvuruların %56,5’i erkek olup, yaş ortalaması 61,8±20,2 yıl saptandı. Hastalar yaş gruplarına göre sınıflandırıldığında; %16,7’sinin 18-40 yaş arası, %30,9’unun 40-65 yaş arası, % 52,3’ünün ise 65 yaş üzeri olduğu saptanmıştır. En sık ambulans başvurusunun 12:00-18:00 saatlerinde (%36,7) ve çarşamba günü (%16,1) olduğu tespit edildi. Hastaların %12,7’si (n=201) adli vaka olarak değerlendirildi. Adli vakaların %75’ini erkek hastalar oluşturmaktadır (p

The aim of this study was to investigate baseline carboxyhemoglobin saturation (SpCO) values in smokers and to show the relationship between SpCO and age, years smoking, cigarettes per day, and nicotine dependence. We also analyzed the changes in carboxyhemoglobin in the body during active smoking. This prospective cohort study involved 136 outdoor smokers and 60 controls who had never smoked. SpCO, heart rate (HR), and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2) values were recorded with a CO-oximeter device before, during, and two minutes after smoking. Changes during active smoking were analyzed, and all parameters were compared between smoking and non-smoking groups. Age, BMI, years smoking, cigarettes per day, and Fagerström nicotine dependence (FTND) level were correlated with baseline SpCO. The mean age of smokers was 32.3 years (70.6% male; 22.79% with comorbidities), while the mean age of non-smokers was 36.7 years (38.3% male). The SpCO and HR were significantly higher during (p = 0.006, p < 0.001) and after (p = 0.015, p < 0.001) smoking than the pre-cigarette levels. There was a significant difference between smokers (3.07) and non-smokers (1.77) in terms of baseline SpCO (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis showed that age, years smoking, and nicotine dependence were positively correlated with baseline SpCO. In the ROC analysis, the AUC value for SpCO was 0.705 and the optimal cut-off value was 1.50. In addition, 83% of smokers had a baseline SpCO value below 5%. In this study, the baseline SpCO values of smokers were found to be approximately 200% higher than those of non-smokers. In addition, SpCO and HR increased during active smoking. However, 83% of smokers had a baseline SpCO below 5% and just 2 (1.47%) smokers had a baseline SpCO value above 9%, suggesting that the intoxication level of 9% in smokers should be reconsidered. Not applicable.

Background: HALP and modified-HALP (m-HALP) scores are novel indices combining albumin, hemoglobin, platelets, and lymphocytes, reflecting systemic inflammation and the physiological well-being of an individual. These scores provide information about a patient's prognosis. Objectives: In this study, we examined the prognostic effectiveness of HALP and m-HALP scores in patients with acute bronchiolitis for the first time. Method: This retrospective cross-sectional study, which was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Balikesir Ataturk City Hospital, Turkey, between January 2021 and January 2023, focused on children over 2 years of age diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis. Children who did not provide all necessary laboratory tests, were transferred to another center, or had comorbidities were excluded. HALP and m-HALP scores were calculated based on data obtained from patients’ blood samples, including albumin, hemoglobin, platelet, and lymphocyte counts. The primary outcome was defined by the necessity for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Secondary outcome measures included the need for intubation and the patients' clinical course. Results: A total of 344 pediatric patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 13.17 ± 9.28 months (range: 1 - 24 months). Of the participants, 40.9% were male, and 43.31% required hospitalization in the ICU. Statistically significant differences were observed in albumin, lymphocyte count, NLR, PLR, HALP, and m-HALP values when comparing patients based on service and ICU hospitalization. HALP and m-HALP scores were effective parameters for differentiating the need for ICU admission, the need for intubation, and the severity of bronchiolitis in pediatric patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of HALP and m-HALP in predicting the need for ICU hospitalization. The optimal cut-off values were 50.54 and 7645023, respectively, and the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.605 (95% CI: 0.544 - 0.667) and 0.631 (95% CI: 0.571 - 0.690), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the HALP score were 0.54 and 0.67, respectively, while the sensitivity and specificity of the m-HALP score were 0.57 and 0.69, respectively. Conclusions: HALP and m-HALP scores are effective parameters for predicting poor prognosis in patients with bronchiolitis and may be useful for clinicians in patient follow-up and prognosis prediction.

Background: Reliable biomarkers integrating inflammatory and nutritional status are crucial for sepsis risk stratification. While indices like the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) and Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI) are widely studied, the prognostic value of the modified Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (m-HALP) score in sepsis remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the prognostic accuracy of m-HALP, HALP, SII, and SIRI for 90-day mortality in patients diagnosed with sepsis in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: This single-center, retrospective observational study included 188 adult patients diagnosed with sepsis according to the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines. Routine hemogram and biochemistry parameters obtained at admission were used to calculate SII, SIRI, HALP, and m-HALP scores. The primary endpoint was 90-day mortality, and secondary endpoints included 7-day mortality, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation requirement. The discriminative performance of the indices was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The median age of the cohort was 75.5 years, and the 90-day mortality rate was 49.5%. Among the evaluated indices, only the lower m-HALP scores demonstrated a statistically significant association with 90-day mortality in the overall cohort (AUC: 0.590, 95% CI: 0.509–0.671, p = 0.030). In the pneumosepsis subgroup, the prognostic performance of m-HALP was numerically higher (AUC: 0.667, 95% CI: 0.548–0.785, p = 0.006) with a sensitivity of 57.4% and specificity of 76.7% at a cut-off value of 522.11. Conversely, standard HALP, SII, and SIRI did not show statistically significant predictive value for 90-day mortality (p > 0.05). None of the indices successfully predicted 7-day mortality, ICU admission, or mechanical ventilation requirement. Conclusions: While m-HALP showed a statistically significant association with 90-day mortality, particularly in the pneumosepsis subgroup, its overall discriminative ability was poor-to-modest (overall AUC 0.590; pneumosepsis AUC 0.667). Consequently, m-HALP lacks sufficient accuracy for standalone clinical decision-making, rendering these findings strictly exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Future prospective, multicenter studies are needed to validate this independent association.