Objective: To evaluate long-term effects of ocular chemical injuries on corneal–endothelial cells in eyes initially presenting with burn-induced corneal edema that resolved clinically. Methods: This retrospective paired-eye study included patients with unilateral chemical burns and corneal edema at presentation, treated between January 2020 and June 2024 at a tertiary ophthalmology center. Patients with bilateral injuries, prior ocular surgery, corneal dystrophies, or less than 3 months of follow-up were excluded. Endothelial parameters as endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, hexagonality, average cell area, and central corneal thickness were assessed bilaterally using specular microscopy. Injured eyes were compared with contralateral, unaffected eyes. Results: Eight patients (16 eyes) were included (mean follow-up 25.9±17.1 months). Injuries were caused by alkaline (62.5%) or acidic (37.5%) agents. At final follow-up, the mean endothelial cell density was significantly lower in injured eyes compared with contralateral eyes (956.25±137.5 vs. 2740.25±266.94 cells/mm ² , P <0.001), representing a 65.1% reduction. No differences were found between acid vs. alkali injuries or saline vs. Diphoterine irrigation. Central corneal thickness did not differ significantly. These analyses should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and limited statistical power. Conclusions: Ocular chemical injuries can cause substantial, persistent corneal endothelial cell loss, even after clinical resolution of corneal edema. Long-term endothelial monitoring and careful surgical planning are recommended in this population.

Background/Objectives: To evaluate the short-term effects of direct selective laser trabeculoplasty (DSLT) on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 45 eyes of 45 patients with OHT or POAG who underwent DSLT at Shaare Zedek Medical Center between February 2024 and February 2025. The primary outcome was the change in RNFL and GCL thickness, as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) before and two months after treatment. Secondary outcomes included intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and safety. Only high-quality OCT scans (quality score > 25) were included in the analysis. Results: OCT analysis revealed no statistically significant changes in the inner retinal structure two months post-treatment. The mean RNFL thickness was 77.1 ± 17.2 µm at baseline and 77.4 ± 17.3 µm at follow-up (p = 0.285). The mean GCL thickness remained unchanged (42.4 ± 11.6 µm vs. 42.4 ± 11.3 µm, p = 0.750). CDVA remained stable (0.2 ± 0.4 vs. 0.2 ± 0.4 logMAR; p = 0.351), and no vision-threatening complications were observed. Mean IOP decreased significantly from 19.7 ± 4.0 mmHg at baseline to 16.2 ± 3.5 mmHg at two months (p < 0.001). The mean total laser energy delivered was 196.5 ± 10.2 mJ (range: 176–210 mJ). Conclusions: DSLT was not associated with significant short-term changes in RNFL or GCL thickness, supporting its structural safety in patients with OHT or glaucoma. Further long-term studies are warranted to determine the durability of these findings and the potential neuroprotective effects of DSLT.