In this paper, the shear horizontal (SH) wave scattering by a circular pipeline in an inhomogeneous concrete with density variation is studied. A model of inhomogeneous concrete with density variation in the form of a polynomial-exponential coupling function is established. By using the complex function method and conformal transformation, the incident and scattering wave field of SH wave in concrete are obtained, and the analytic expression of dynamic stress concentration factor (DSCF) around the circular pipeline is given. The results show that the inhomogeneous density parameters, the wave number of the incident wave and the angle of the incident wave in concrete are important factors affecting the distribution of dynamic stress around the circular pipe in concrete with inhomogeneous density. The research results can provide a theoretical reference and a basis for analyzing the influence of circular pipeline on elastic wave propagation in an inhomogeneous concrete with density variation.

The long-term prestress relaxation of soil anchors embedded in saturated clay is a critical issue affecting the safety of geotechnical structures such as slopes and foundation pits. Traditional integer-order constitutive models are often unable to accurately describe the nonlinear and time-dependent relaxation behavior observed in such anchorage systems. Based on fractional calculus theory, this study establishes a constitutive model for the coupled stress relaxation behavior of soil anchors and saturated clay. The Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative and the two-parameter Mittag-Leffler function are introduced to represent the material memory effect and continuous relaxation characteristics. To achieve reliable parameter identification, a hybrid optimization strategy combining the Adaptive Hybrid Differential Evolution (AHDE) algorithm and the Levenberg–Marquardt (L-M) method is proposed. The proposed model and identification approach are validated using field monitoring data from soil anchors in a slope engineering project at the Guangxi Friendship Pass Port. The results show that the proposed model can accurately reproduce the entire stress relaxation process, with a coefficient of determination of R² = 0.9517. Parameter sensitivity analysis further clarifies the influence of key parameters, including the fractional order and viscosity coefficient. The proposed approach provides a systematic theoretical framework and practical reference for the analysis and prediction of long-term prestress relaxation in soil anchorage systems.