The potential adverse consequences, personal distress, shame and guilt presented by patients who suffer from sexual addiction require a more in-depth understanding of the phenomenology and psychobiology of this disorder. Methods: A bibliographic review was conducted using MEDLINE and EBSCO databases with the following keywords: “sexual addiction,” “hypersexuality,” “compulsive sexual behavior,” “behavioural addiction,” “treatment,” and “addiction.” Results: Several conceptualizations of excessive nonparaphilic sexual disorder have been proposed based on the models of, respectively, obsessive compulsive disorder, impulse control disorder, out of control excessive sexual disorder, and addictive disorder. Despite the lack of robust scientific data, a number of clinical elements, such as the frequent preoccupation with this type of behavior, the time spent in sexual activities, the continuation of this behavior despite its negative consequences, the repeated and unsuccessful efforts made to reduce the behavior, are in favor of an addictive disorder. In addition there is a high comorbidity between excessive sexual behavior and other addictive behaviors. Conclusion: The phenomenology of excessive nonpara- philic sexual disorder favors its conceptualization as an addictive behavior, rather than an obsessive-compulsive, or an impulse con- trol disorder. Moreover, the criteria that are quite close to those of addictive disorders were recently proposed for the future DSM-V in order to improve the characterization of this condition. Finally, controlled studies are warranted in order to establish clear guidelines for treatment of sexual addiction.

Objective. The aim of this study was to translate and validate a French version of the English SCOFF questionnaire for the screening of eating disorders (ED) in a student population. Methods. The translation and back-translation method were employed for adaptation of the French version of SCOFF (SCOFF-F). SCOFF-F paper questionnaire was given to female students attending yearly evaluation in the University Preventive Medicine Department. After completing the SCOFF-F, each student was evaluated by one ED specialist blinded to SCOFF-F results. The validated French version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) and DSM-IV criteria for ED were employed as diagnostic references. Results. A total of 400 women were evaluated. ED were diagnosed in 37 (9.3%) of students: eight (2%) cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) and 29 (7.3%) of bulimia nervosa (BN). Diagnostic threshold was fixed at two positive answers with a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity of 94.8% and an area under the curve of 96.2%. Positive and negative predictive values for ED were 65 and 99%. Similar figures were obtained separately for AN and BN. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that the French version of SCOFF questionnaire is accurate and reliable for the detection of women with EDs in this high-risk student population.

To translate, adapt and validate the Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI) in a Brazilian population of young adults. We employed the translation and back-translation method for the adaptation of the Brazilian version SPAI (SPAI-BR). The sample consisted of 415 university students. Data was collected through an electronic questionnaire, which consisted of the SPAI-BR and the Goodman Criteria (gold standard). The retests were carried out 10–15 days after the initial tests with 130 individuals. The SPAI-BR maintained semantic, idiomatic and conceptual equivalences from the original scale. The Confirmatory Factor Analysis confirmed the One-factor model of the SPAI with good fit indexes (x² = 767.861, CFI = 0.913, TLI = 0.905, RMSE = 0.061, WRMR = 1.465). The Kuder-Richardson Coefficient showed good internal consistency. The analysis of the ROC curve established an area under the curve of 86.38%. The Intraclass-Correlation Coefficient of 0.926 between the test and the retest demonstrated an excellent temporal stability. The high correlation between SPAI-BR and the Goodman Criteria (rs = 0.750) established the convergent validity. The SPAI-BR is a valid and reliable tool for the detection of Smartphone Addiction in Brazilian university students.