Background/Objectives: Radiomics-based machine learning models have demonstrated high accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant orbital masses, with early studies suggesting performance comparable to expert radiologists. However, translation into clinical practice remains limited due to dataset constraints, including retrospective study designs, single-center cohorts, and underrepresentation of diverse patient populations. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence supporting radiomics in orbital disease while critically examining barriers to generalizability and equity across ophthalmology, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted to assess radiomics applications in orbital oncology and reconstruction. Studies evaluating diagnostic accuracy, margin assessment, postoperative surveillance, and surgical planning across ophthalmology, head and neck surgery, and reconstructive surgery were analyzed, with particular attention paid to dataset composition, validation strategies, and imaging standardization. Results: Radiomics models demonstrated high diagnostic performance in differentiating orbital tumors, optimizing surgical planning, and aiding postoperative monitoring. However, most studies relied on small, homogeneous datasets lacking racial, ethnic, and pediatric representation. External validation was uncommon, and imaging heterogeneity limited reproducibility. These deficiencies restrict the clinical translation of radiomics and risk exacerbating healthcare disparities, particularly among underrepresented populations. Conclusions: Radiomics holds promise as a precision medicine tool for orbital diagnosis, surgical navigation, and postoperative care. Nevertheless, its clinical adoption is constrained by dataset bias, lack of standardization, and limited prospective validation. Future progress requires multi-institutional, demographically diverse datasets and standardized imaging protocols to ensure equitable and generalizable implementation across specialties.

Minimally invasive voice-preservation techniques, including microlaryngoscopy, phonosurgery, and office-based regenerative interventions, have revolutionized the management of benign and early-stage laryngeal disorders by minimizing fibrosis and preserving phonatory function. However, the long-term (>6 months) wound healing and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling dynamics that determine sustained vocal outcomes remain poorly understood, particularly among professional singers who experience high vibratory demand. Moreover, African American and minority singers continue to face significant barriers to specialty laryngology care, underrepresentation in research cohorts, and disparities in insurance coverage, creating inequities in both access and postoperative outcomes. This review synthesizes evidence on chronic wound healing and ECM remodeling following minimally invasive voice-preservation procedures, emphasizing histologic integration, molecular mediators of fibrosis, and correlations with objective (dysphonia severity index, vocal extent measure, and maximum phonation time) and subjective (voice handicap index, singing voice handicap index) recovery metrics. It also examines racial and socioeconomic inequities in laryngeal care among professional voice users. Our method for this research was to use PubMed, JStor, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases starting from 2000. The study will include randomized controlled trials and observational cohorts and case series with ten or more patients and previous systematic reviews that focus on wound healing and functional outcomes and access disparities. Two reviewers will conduct independent screening and data extraction, while thematic synthesis will be used to organize existing evidence and identify areas where more research is needed. Existing studies demonstrate consistent short-term improvement in acoustic and perceptual metrics but limited histologic data beyond 9-12 months. Available human biopsy findings reveal fibroblast infiltration and partial ECM integration (eg, silk-hyaluronic acid hydrogels, adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction therapy), yet lack quantitative analysis of collagen I/III ratios, elastin content, and viscoelastic restoration. Professional singers remain largely excluded from histologic or biomechanical cohorts. Persistent racial and geographic disparities further limit access to specialized voice-preservation surgery and longitudinal follow-up. Long-term remodeling after minimally invasive voice-preservation procedures remains underexplored, with crucial gaps in linking tissue biomechanics to clinical outcomes and health equity. This review identifies priorities for multicenter, demographically inclusive research integrating molecular, histologic, and performance-based endpoints to advance equitable, evidence-based voice care for professional singers and high-demand voice users.

Background: Cranioplasty is a commonly performed reconstructive procedure to restore cranial integrity in patients with acquired skull defects after strokes, traumatic brain injury, and tumors, among other diagnoses. Given the procedure’s high complication rate and extensive perioperative planning, patient education is critical for informed decision-making. The American Medical Association (AMA) recommends that online patient education materials (OPEMs) be written at a sixth grade reading level to ensure equitable access to health information. Despite this, OPEMs for surgical interventions frequently exceed these recommendations. This study characterizes the readability and availability of English and Spanish-language OPEMs for cranioplasty. Methods: The top 20 English (“cranioplasty”) and Spanish (“craneoplastia”) OPEMs from Google searches were analyzed. English OPEMs were assessed using Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Fry Graph (FG), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Gunning Fog Index (GFI). Spanish OPEMs were analyzed using Fernández-Huerta Reading Ease (FHRE), Gilliam-Peña-Mountain Grade Level (GPM), Spanish Orthographic Length (SOL), and Índice de Legibilidad de Flesch-Szigriszt (INFLESZ). Results: No OPEMs met the recommended sixth grade reading level. Among Spanish OPEMs, 55% (11) were written at the high school level and 45% (9) at a college level. Conversely, 35% (7) of English OPEMs were written at the high school level and 65% (13) at the college level. When adapted analog indices were compared across languages, Spanish OPEMs were on average easier to read than English OPEMs. No US healthcare institutions had Spanish OPEMs for cranioplasty and Spanish OPEMs were underrepresented among first-page search results (50%) relative to English OPEMs (70%). Conclusions: OPEMs for cranioplasty are written above recommended readability levels in both English and Spanish. Despite the United States’ large Spanish speaking patient population, no U.S. healthcare institutions currently have Spanish OPEMs for cranioplasty.