Background and Objectives: Complicated osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures represent a major surgical challenge because compromised bone quality predisposes to progressive deformity, neurological deterioration, and fixation failure. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of hybrid stabilization in patients with severe osteoporotic fractures classified as AO Spine-DGOU OF4–OF5. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective observational cohort study included 87 consecutively treated patients with complicated osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures who underwent surgical treatment between 2012 and 2022. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Radiological outcomes included the regional kyphotic angle (RKA) and interbody fusion graded according to the Bridwell classification. Imaging was reviewed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at follow-up, with 12-month outcomes used for the principal analysis. Additionally, a retrospective comparative analysis was undertaken between the two largest fixation subgroups within the cohort to explore outcome differences across the most representative construct patterns. Results: At 12 months, complete interbody fusion (Bridwell grade I) was achieved in 75.9% of patients. Mean RKA improved from 29.4° ± 14.1° preoperatively to 7.9° ± 8.0° immediately after surgery, with only minimal loss of correction during follow-up. Mean VAS improved from 7.0 ± 1.8 to 2.1 ± 1.2, while mean ODI decreased from 61.3% ± 6.8% to 9.8% ± 1.2% (both p < 0.001). Reoperation for implant-related mechanical failure was required in three patients (3.4%). Conclusions: Hybrid stabilization with cement augmentation was associated with marked improvement in pain, functional disability, and sagittal alignment, as well as a high rate of interbody fusion at 12 months, in patients with complicated osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures. Given the retrospective observational design, these findings should be interpreted as associations within the treated cohort. Prospective comparative studies are warranted to further validate these results.

На сегодняшний день в Республике Казахстан молекулярно-генетические исследования опухолей центральной нервной системы (ЦНС) являются актуальной и весьма интересной проблемой, возникшей в 2016 году после введения Всемирной организацией здравоохранения (ВОЗ) обновленной классификации. В наступившую эпоху молекулярно-генетических исследований произошли существенные изменения в патогистологической диагностике глиальных и эмбриональных опухолей. В связи с чем молекулярно-генетические исследования опухолей ЦНС безусловно стали являться одним из важнейших методов исследования, в процессе постановки клинического диагноза нейроонкологическим...

Background: Three-dimensional (3D)-printed vertebral body replacement (VBR) and artificial vertebral body (AVB) implants are increasingly used for anterior column reconstruction after spinal tumor resection. However, the available evidence on complications remains limited, heterogeneous, and methodologically inconsistent. This systematic review aimed to synthesize reported complications, revision patterns, and mechanical outcomes of 3D-printed VBR/AVB implants in spinal oncology and to critically appraise the quality of the available clinical literature. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from 1 January 1980 to 26 February 2026. Eligible studies included clinical series and cohort studies reporting extractable complication and/or revision data in patients who underwent spinal tumor resection followed by reconstruction with a 3D-printed VBR/AVB implant. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series. Due to substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a structured narrative synthesis was performed. Results: Eleven studies comprising 217 analyzable 3D-printed reconstructions were included. Most were retrospective single-center series and showed marked heterogeneity in tumor histology, spinal level, implant strategy, follow-up duration, and complication definitions. Because adverse-event reporting was inconsistent across studies, no pooled overall complication rate was calculated. Reported perioperative non-mechanical complications included neurological deterioration, cerebrospinal fluid- or dural-related events, wound infection, pleural effusion, pneumonia, and vascular injury. Mechanical implant failure appeared relatively uncommon, although radiographic subsidence was variably defined and inconsistently reported. Implant mismatch and hardware-related problems were infrequent but clinically relevant, particularly with prefabricated or off-the-shelf devices. Revision procedures were most commonly associated with wound complications, clinically significant subsidence, hardware failure, or tumor recurrence. Overall study quality was limited by retrospective designs, small sample sizes, and non-standardized outcome reporting. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that 3D-printed VBR/AVB implants are a feasible option with encouraging mechanical performance for spinal reconstruction after tumor resection. Most reported adverse events appear to reflect the complexity of oncologic spine surgery rather than device-specific failure alone. However, the available evidence remains low level and heterogeneous. Larger multicenter comparative studies with standardized outcome definitions and longer follow-up are needed to better define the clinical value and durability of 3D-printed vertebral reconstruction in spinal oncology.

Introduction: Tumors of the vertebral column represent a heterogeneous group of primary and metastatic lesions requiring specialized surgical care. Epidemiological and histopathological data from Central Asia remain limited. Objective: To evaluate the demographic, histopathological, anatomical, and early neurological characteristics of adult patients surgically treated for primary and metastatic tumors of the vertebral column in Kazakhstan. Methods: A retrospective single-center observational study was conducted at the National Center for Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan. Adult patients aged ≥18 years who underwent surgery for tumors of the vertebral column between January 2015 and December 2025 were included. Demographic data, tumor origin, histopathology, anatomical localization, and early postoperative neurological outcomes were analyzed. Results: The final cohort included 148 adult patients. The mean age was 57.2 years, with a median of 59 years and a range of 22–81 years. There were 75 males (50.7%) and 73 females (49.3%). Primary tumors were identified in 51 patients (34.5%), whereas metastatic tumors were present in 97 patients (65.5%). Primary tumors were mainly represented by plasmacytoma/plasma-cell neoplasms and giant cell tumors. Among metastatic lesions, undifferentiated carcinoma was the most frequent subgroup, followed by renal cell carcinoma, breast carcinoma, and lung carcinoma. Thoracic-only involvement was the most common anatomical pattern. Pain regression was documented in 125 of 144 patients (86.8%). Among 92 patients with preoperative motor deficit, motor function improved or remained stable in 90 patients (97.8%). Conclusion: Surgically treated tumors of the vertebral column represent a relevant spinal oncology burden in Kazakhstan, with metastatic lesions predominating. These findings provide baseline surgical clinicopathological data and support the need for a national spinal oncology registry.

Abishev N, et al. Korean J Neurotrauma. 2026 Jul;22(3):268-278. https://doi.org/10.13004/kjnt.2026.22.e34